For hundreds of years, scientists have been trying to answer what things have an effect on people’s emotions (情感). How you feel is controlled by many things. Your emotions can be affected by your personality, by the actions of others and by events around you. Perhaps you don’t know your emotions can be influenced by the weather as well.
People often say they feel good when the sun is shining and sad when it is cloudy.In fact, sunlight makes us feel good.When sunlight hits our skins,our bodies produce a vitamin. Vitamins are natural chemicals(化学物质)which we all need to stay healthy.Sunlight helps our bodies produce vitamin D.Vitamin D helps our bodies make a special chemical.This special chemical affects our brains(大脑)and makes us feel happy.For example, there are long, dark winters of little sunlight in Sweden and Norway,so many peple in these countries often feel sad.Without much sunlight, their bodies produce less vitamin D.Without enough vitamin D, their bodies make less of this special chemical which makes them feel good.To help the people in these countries feel better,special “sunrooms”with artificial(人造的)lights have been built.People can go there and get “sunlight”for an hour or two!
The weather can also affect people’s emotions in other ways. Hot weather can make people angry because people feel uncomfortable when they are hot. In the same way, rain can make people angry because being wet can be unpleasant. As you can see, the weather can have an effect on the chemicals which control our brains. Through these ways, the weather can influence our emotions. Sadly, while the weather can change us, we can hardly change the weather.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor (因素) that can affect one’s emotions?
| A．Weather. | B．Actions of others. |
| C．Personality. | D．Age. |
Which of the following is true about vitamin D according to the passage?
| A．It is a kind of artificial chemical. |
| B．It makes us worried by affecting our brains. |
| C．It is needed by us all to keep fit. |
| D．It is in the sunlight. |
What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
| A．We feel good when we are in the bright cool weather. |
| B．We will be happy when we are caught in the rain. |
| C．All people in Norway and Sweden feel sad in winter. |
| D．The more vitamin D you have, the happier you’ll be. |
What may be the best title for this passage?
A. Why Do We Feel Sad?
B. The Weather Influences People’s Emotions.
C. People Need More Vitamin D.
D. We Can Hardly Change the Weather.
Oil is so important that it is sometimes called “black gold”. Almost half of our energy comes from oil. We use it to run our cars and factories and to heat our homes, offices and schools. Many everyday things are made from oil. Your shirt may have oil in the material. The soap you wash your hands with might also be made from oil. Your favorite plastic toy is made from oil.
Oil is hard to find, because it is trapped deep under the earth. Once the only way people knew there was oil someplace if it leaked（渗漏）out of the ground. Today, however, we have many ways of finding oil. One tool measures（测量）the pull of gravity. Places where gravity is weaker are more likely to have oil. Another tool is sound waves（声波）. Sound waves travel through different kinds of rocks at different speeds. We can use them to find the rocks that have oil in them.
We need a lot of oil, and we are using up the oil wells we know about. Soon we must find new ways of looking for this “black gold”.Which of the following isn’t the way to help find oil?
| A．Sound waves travel through different kinds of rocks at different speeds. |
| B．People measure the pull of gravity to know if there is oil. |
| C．Sound waves tell us where the oil has leaked out of the ground. |
| D．People know there is oil if it leaks out of the ground. |
Which of the following does the passage lead you to believe?
| A．Oil was firstly found by measuring gravity. |
| B．Many things are made from oil. |
| C．We will never run out of oil. |
| D．Our lives would not be different if we didn’t have oil. |
The main idea of the whole story is that ________________.
| A．many things are made from oil |
| B．we must find new ways of looking for oil |
| C．people spend a lot of time looking for oil |
| D．oil is important for us but hard to find |
In an American classroom, a Chinese girl was asked to answer a question. She stood up and smiled, without making any sound. The American teacher looked at himself and didn’t see anything funny. So he asked her the question again. The girl just smiled but said nothing. The teacher was angry. He didn’t know that the girl smiled to cover her embarrassment（尴尬）because she wasn’t able to answer the question.
In a dining room in Beijing, an Englishman was careless and dropped a plate. The Chinese who had seen this began to laugh. The Englishman felt uncomfortable and even got angry. “They are laughing at me,” he thought. In fact the Chinese laughed not at the Englishman or his bad luck—whether he is a foreigner or a Chinese. The smile or laughter has several feelings: don’t take it so seriously; laugh it off, it’s nothing; such things can happen to any of us.The Chinese girl smiled in an American classroom because ________________.
| A．she was asked to answer a question | B．she was asked to stand up |
| C．she couldn’t answer the question | D．the teacher looked funny |
Which feeling is NOT included in the laughter when the Englishman dropped a plate?
| A．Don’t take it seriously. | B．Bad luck! |
| C．It’s nothing. | D．It can happen to any of us. |
What does the writer want to tell us?
| A．Smile and laughter don’t mean the same thing to different people. |
| B．Smile and laughter always bring happiness. |
| C．American people are easy to get angry. |
| D．Chinese students are impolite |
Two young men, one was a prisoner while the other was a famous official from the White House, both told a story about how their mothers give apples to them.
The story from the prisoner:
When I was young, one day my mother brought several apples, among which there was a biggest red one that I really wanted to get. My mum put all the apples on the table and asked us, “Which do you like?” I was about to say “the biggest one” while my brother took one step ahead and said what I wanted to say. My mum said angrily, “A good child should give the best to others instead of being self-centered.” I learnt a quick lesson and said, “Mum, give me the smallest one. The biggest one should be left for my brother!” Hearing my words, she felt more than happy and gave the biggest apple to me as a reward.
I told a lie but I got what I wanted! Since then, I learnt to lie. Later, I learnt to fight, steal and rob. I would try all means to get what I wanted. Then later I was put behind bars.
The story from the White House:
When I was young, one day my mum brought several apples of different colors and sizes. Both my two younger brothers and I wanted the biggest one. My mum picked up the biggest apple and said, “It is good to get the biggest apple. Now let’s start a competition. I will divide the lawn (草坪)in front of our house into three parts, one for each. Who could do the job best and fastest would be rewarded with the biggest apple.” I won the apple finally. Which does the writer want to tell us MOST?
| A．Each mother loves her kids.. |
| B．Mother’s education is very important. |
| C．The earlier education starts, the better result there will be. |
| D．No pains, no gains. |
How did the “prisoner” get the biggest apple?
| A．By working for the family. |
| B．By competing with his brother. |
| C．By doing the best job. |
| D．By cheating his mother. |
What does the underlined phrase “put behind bars” probably mean?
| A．受批评 | B．进监狱 | C．受挫折 | D．受惩罚 |
It can be inferred from the passage that .
| A．the official was very honest when he was young. |
| B．the prisoner’s mother taught him how to tell lies. |
| C．the official learned that what he wanted needed to pay for the same effort. |
| D．it was his mother who had him break laws. |
What is the writer probably going to write next?
| A．Scientific methods of giving apples. |
| B．The importance of mother’s education. |
| C．Another story about of giving apples. |
| D．School education. |
At East China University of Science and Technology, students who finish their food in the dining hall can get a coupon(优惠券) when they return their tray(餐盘). They can exchange coupons for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
“It’s been a big surprise,” said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student in the university of Shanghai. “It makes us try our best to finish the food!”
But some food in the dining hall is so poorly prepared that students are reluctant to finish it all. Some schools have paid some attention to it.
“The dishes in our canteen are all right, generally speaking. We’ve tried our best to make it tasty. But of course it’s difficult to make all the students love it.” said Wang.
Other universities also pay attention to the size of food. At Nanjing University, rice is divided into three different-sized bowls that students can choose from.
“I like to try different dishes at each meal. So I had to throw away a lot of food because the bowls were too big. But now the dining hall offers small sizes. It’s great because I can try different dishes at half price and don’t waste so much food,” said Fan Peng, a student from Nanjing University.
But what if you really can’t finish all your food? Some universities also provide a take-away service. If you can’t finish all your food, you can get a box to take the leftovers home. Even if you feed the cat, it’s not wasted.
So you see, if we call on students not to waste food, schools should also improve the service and meal quality.How can the students at East China University of Science and Technology get a coupon?
| A．They eat up all the food and wash the tray. |
| B．They return the tray in the dining hall. |
| C．They finish all the food and return the tray. |
| D．They wash the tray and return it. |
In some universities, if you can’t finish all your food, you can __________________.
| A．leave the food on the table and go away | B．share it with your friends |
| C．give the food back to the dining hall | D．take it away with a box |
The underlined word “reluctant” in this passage means ___________ in Chinese.
| A．开心的 | B．饥饿的 | C．不情愿的 | D．不可能的 |
In order to reduce the waste, universities do a lot of things except _____________.
| A．trying to make the food as delicious as possible. |
| B．offering different sizes of the food. |
| C．exchanging trays for coupons and gifts. |
| D．raising the price of the food. |
Where can we read this passage?
| A．In a newspaper. | B．In a science book. |
| C．In a story book. | D．In a fashion magazine. |
March 5 is “Lei Feng Day”. Fifty years ago on this day, Chairman Mao Zedong called on people to “learn from Lei Feng”. Now half a century has passed. Is the spirit of Lei Feng outdated? Some people have shown us that it’s not. But people have also changed the ways in which they help others.
Li Yulin, who works in a hospital in Hang Zhou, Zhejiang, has been a volunteer for 15 years. He still remembers his experience in an old people’s home several years ago. An old woman held his hand and said, “You don’t need to do anything for us. Seeing young people like you here is all we need.” Those words made Li think: in what ways can we help people better? “Every person does what they can, no matter how small it is, to give out positive energy. And before we lend a helping hand, we should find out what they want,” Li said to the Qianjiang Evening News.
As well as Li, other people have shown their understanding of the spirit of Lei Feng. A “noodle fever” swept Zhengzhou, Henan in January. It started with an online post. Li Gang, a 42-year-old local man, said in the post that he has got cancer. He needed a lot of money for an operation. He was not asking for donations, but hoped people would come to eat at his restaurant. Li’s post spread quickly. Soon his restaurant was filled with people every day. Li had an operation on Feb. 2 and now he is getting better.
“It is good to help Li and his family like this for it shows them respect and doesn’t hurt their pride,” Qianjiang Evening News said. According to Paragraph 1, we learn that_______.
| A．people now help others in different ways |
| B．people today don’t follow the spirit of Lei Feng |
| C．fifty years ago people were more helpful than today |
| D．Lei Feng died on March 15, 1963. |
Li Yulin learned from his experience that______.
| A．the old want people to give them money |
| B．the young should show respect to the old |
| C．old people in the old people’s home don’t need help |
| D．helping people is giving them what they really need |
According to the article, what is “noodle fever”?
| A．Many people ate noodles in a restaurant to help the owner. |
| B．Many people got a fever after eating noodles in a restaurant. |
| C．Many people got cancer after eating noodles in a restaurant. |
| D．Many people gave money to a noodle restaurant owner. |
From this passage, what does the name of Lei Feng stand for?
| A．A symbol of understanding. | B．A symbol of selflessness and modesty . |
| C．A symbol of respect. | D．A symbol of pride . |
What is the best title for this passage?
| A．Volunteer Work. | B．The Spirit of Lei Feng Is Everywhere. |
| C．Positive Energy. | D．Lei Feng Is Outdated. |