BEING an astronaut sounds cool, doesn’t it? In space, they get to do some pretty amazing things, like floating(漂浮) in zero gravity(重力).
However, there are also plenty of things that astronauts can’t do because of their weightless environment, and that’s very sad. What’s worse, they can’t even let their sadness show, because it’s impossible to cry in zero gravity.
Of course, astronauts can still produce tears(眼泪). But crying is much more difficult in space, according to The Atlantic(大西洋月刊) in January. Without gravity, tears don’t flow(流动) down out of the eyes like they do here on Earth. This means that when you cry in space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just stick(粘) to your eyes.
In May 2011, astronaut Andrew Feustel experienced this during one of his spacewalks. “Tears,” he said, “don’t fall off of your eyes. They just stay there.”
Besides making your vision(视线) unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are supposed to bring comfort to the eyes. But that’s not the case(情况) in space. The space environment dries out astronauts’ eyes, and when tears suddenly wet the eyes, it can cause pain rather than comfort. “My right eye is stinging(刺痛) like crazy,” Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
Since gravity doesn’t work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of(除去) the tears. Feustel chose to rub his eyes against his helmet to wipe(擦) the tears away. Another choice is to just wait — “When the tears get big enough, they simply break free of the eyes and float around,” astronaut Ron Parise told The Atlantic.
There are lots of small things — things like crying — that we are so used to on Earth. We usually take them for granted until they become a problem in a totally different environment, like space. There, astronauts can’t talk to each other directly. They also can’t eat or drink in normal ways. They can’t even burp(打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food down in their stomach. If they do burp, they just end up throwing up(呕吐) everything in their stomach, according to the UK National Space Center.
Therefore, perhaps it’s only space explorers who can honestly say, “Gravity, you’re the best.” From Paragraphs 2 and 3, we can know that __________.
| A．astronauts are unable to feel sad in space |
| B．astronauts produce fewer tears in space |
| C．tears produced in space flow down more slowly |
| D．tears produced in space don’t flow downward |
What effect do tears have on astronauts?
| A．They cause physical pain. | B．They bring comfort to them. |
| C．They make their vision clearer. | D．They float around and cause trouble. |
The underlined phrase “take them for granted” in paragraph 7 means __________.
| A．find them important | B．consider them useless |
| C．need them during an emergency | D．fail to notice their presence |
Paragraph 7 is mainly about __________.
| A．suggestions of how astronauts can stay comfortable in space |
| B．other basic things that are difficult to do in space |
| C．why burping is impossible in space |
| D．things human can’t do without gravity |
A tornado （龙卷风） is a kind of strong storm with air which moves in a circle quickly． They can move over 200 miles per hour and cause a lot of damage （损坏）． As they move across the land， they can easily pick up cars， trucks， and even houses， and then throw them very far． It is important to find a safe place if a tornado gets close．
A safe place could be a basement （地下室） or the lowest floor． If you are in a home without a basement， try to find a first﹣floor bathroom or a small room without windows in the middle of your house． You should curl up （蜷缩） into a ball and cover your head and neck with your hands．
But there are some people who actually want to get close to tornadoes． They are scientists who want to learn more about tornadoes． One of the best ways to do this is to get as close as possible to the tornado． They use special tools to measure （测量） what is happening in and around a tornado．
One special tool is called a tornado probe （探测仪）． Inside the tornado probe， there are sensors （传感器） to measure wind speed， temperature，pressure，and direction．Some probes even have cameras， so the scientists can see and understand what it's like to be in a tornado．
To be able to get these measurements，the scientists have to get a tornado probe near or into a tornado．Scientists will try to guess where a tornado will go next． Then they drive to that location and put down the probe． If they do not guess correctly， they pick up their probe and try another place．If they are right，the tornado will go near or even right over the probe． Then they take all of the measurements from the probe and use them to predict where future tornadoes may form （形成）and travel． And they can give people some warning to keep away from a dangerous tornado．
（1）If a tornado gets close， what should people do to keep safe？
A． Go to a basement．
B． Find a small room．
C． Stay in a bathroom．
D． Curl the legs up．
（2）What can the sensor in a probe NOT do？
A． Measure wind speed and temperature．
B． Take photos and videos．
C． Measure wind temperature and pressure．
D． Measure wind speed and direction．
（3）Which statement about the scientists is TRUE？
A． They risk their lives studying tornadoes．
B． They can easily put the probe in the right place．
C． They get close to a tormado to admire it．
D． With the help of the measurements， they can prevent the tornado forming．
（4）The passage mainly tells us ．
A． what a tornado is
B． how dangerous a tornado is
C． where a tornado may form and travel
D． how scientists do research work on tornadoes
（5）You may find this passage in ．
A． a novel
B． a storybook
C． a guidebook
D． a science magazine
Once upon a time there lived a great storyteller whose stories gave both children and adults a lot of pleasure and enjoyment． He told a story about an emperor who loved new clothes and about a tiny girl who was no taller than a person's thumb （拇指）．
That storyteller's name was Hans Christian Andersen． He was born in Denmark． He wrote more than 150 stories， which are told in many countries． He became the first author to write and publish his own fairy tales． Andersen grew up poor． His father was a shoemaker， and his mother could hardly read．Andersen once said，"Most of what I have written is a reflection of myself．"His fairy tale， The Ugly Duckling，about a duckling that is laughed by other animals until it grows up to be a swan （天鹅）， was written according to his own experience as a child． His other famous fairy tales include The Little Match Girl， The Daughter of the Sea and The Snow Queen．
Andersen's fans celebrated the anniversary （周年纪念日） of his 200th birthday in 2005．
People are told his fairy tales in many countries． They organized different kinds of celebrations to remind people of Andersen and Andersen's fairy tales．
In Denmark， 15﹣foot﹣tall puppets（木偶）danced in mid﹣air every night from May until September．In Singapore， the post office published a series （系列） of Andersen stamps． And in Egypt， the library in Alexandria showed Andersen's books， which were translated into 150 languages! In New York City's Central Park， storyteller Ellen Shapiro told The Real Princess to a crowd of children．
"Andersen's stories have everything，" Shapiro told the reporter．"They are funny and sad and enjoyable． I never get tired of them．"
Storytellers such as Shapiro love continuing Andersen's tradition．Shapiro doesn't memorize her favorite stories， however． Instead， she learns what happens at the beginning， middle， and end．She changes the words of a story to fit the listeners． So no two tellings of a story are exactly alike．
（1）What can we know about Andersen according to the passage？
A． He was born in Denmark in 1820．
B． He was from a rich family．
C． He was the first author to write and publish his own fairy tales．
D． He was laughed by other children because he was a poor storyteller．
（2）Which statement about Andersen's 200th birthday anniversary celebrations is TRUE？ ______
A． In Denmark， puppets danced every night for half a year．
B． In Singapore， the post office published a series of Andersen stamps．
C． In Egypt， Andersen's fans translated his books into 150 languages．
D． In the US， Ellen Shapiro told "The Ugly Duckling" to a crowd of children．
（3）How many Andersen's fairy tales are mentioned in this passage？
A．5．
B．7．
C．15．
D．150．
（4）What can we know about Shapiro from the passage？
A． She doesn't like following Andersen's tradition．
B． She organized Andersen's 200th birthday anniversary celebrations．
C． She never tells the same story in exactly the same way．
D． She is used to reading Anderson's stories to her listeners．
（5）According to the passage， we can know that ．
A． All of Andersen's fairy tales reflect his own life
B． Andersen's fairy tales can bring people a lot of pain and pleasure
C． Andersen's fairy tales are only loved by children in 150 countries
D． Andersen's fairy tales are funny and sad and enjoyable
Mom was cooking in the kitchen． She could hear the girls arguing in the living room． It was the third time this week that the sisters had been arguing over nothing． A few minutes later， Maria rushed into her bedroom angrily and closed the door heavily．
"Come to the kitchen， young lady，" Mom firmly （坚定地） said to Maria in her best mother tone （语气） of voice．
Maria walked into the kitchen and shouted，"I can't stand living with Felicia another minute．I don't ever want to talk to her again!"
Mom called out， "Felicia， come to the kitchen right now．"
While Felicia was on her way， Mom put two chairs opposite each other but very close together．
"Maria， you sit here and Felicia you sit there．" The girls sat face to face， with their knees almost touching．"Now you look each other in the eye for five minutes，" Mom ordered．
At first the girls moved their bodies from side to side． Mom said firmly，"You must stay staring at each other for five minutes． Each minute you don't make eye contact （眼神交流） means another minute sitting in the chairs．" They both wanted out， so they had to sit there and look at each other．
Felicia looked at Maria's pouting （噘嘴的） face while Maria looked at Felicia's angry face．They each thought the other one looked ridiculous （可笑的）． In fact， they were being ridiculous to fight and be mad at each other over nothing．
Soon Maria couldn't stand it any longer and began giggling （咯咯地笑） and so did Felicia．They giggled and laughed．
Mom wisely didn't say anything except，"Okay girls， you can go now．"
（1）Maria and Felicia argued a lot this week． What was the reason？
A． They argued over nothing．
B． They didn't want to live together．
C． They didn't want to talk to each other．
D． They each thought the other one was ridiculous．
（2）Which is the right picture to show the way the girls sat？
（3）The right order of the following statements is ．
①Maria and Felicia stared at each other．
②Maria argued with Felicia．
③Maria and Felicia giggled and laughed．
④Mom asked Maria and Felicia to sit opposite each other．
A．②④③①
B．④②①③
C．②④①③
D．②①④③
（4）Which of the following is TRUE？
A． Maria had quite a good relationship with Felicia recently．
B． The kitchen is a good place to stop an argument．
C． Mom solved the girls' problem wisely．
D． The girls were under pressure from Mom to make it up （和好）．
（5）After reading the passage， we can know ．
A． parents can do nothing about the argument between children
B． it's difficult to deal with the argument between children
C． there is no need to deal with the argument between children
D.5﹣minute eye contact is helpful to deal with the argument between children
It is a hot summer day．Clara is drinking juice in the yard．Her mom is cutting grass with a lawnmower（割草机）． The lawnmower is loud， and Clara wishes her mom would play with her instead．But mom says the grass is very long and has to be cut．
Suddenly， the lawnmower stops． Clara's mom looks upset． Clara wonders what is wrong． Her mom picks something up out of the grass， and walks to Clara．
Clara's mom has a little turtle in her hand! As Clara looks closer，she sees that one leg is in bad shape．"I think I broke its leg，" Clara's mom says． "I'm really sorry． Will you help me nurse it back to health？"
Clara feels bad for the little turtle． Turtles move slowly， so it probably could not run away when it saw the lawnmower coming． And Clara's mom could not see it in the long grass! It was a mistake， but Clara and her mom will make it right． Clara names the turtle Phillip．
They take Phillip to the vet． The vet takes an X﹣ray of Phillip's leg， and makes sure that it is broken．The turtle gets a little splint （夹板） and bandage． The vet tells Clara that the turtle needs plants to eat，water to drink and a place to live in． Clara and her mom buy a small tank （水箱） for Phillip on the way home．
At home， Clara takes good care of Phillip． She puts water and rocks in the tank．She brings him fruit and leaves to eat， and keeps his tank clean．
After eight weeks， Clara and her mom take Phillip back to the vet， who says that his leg is healthy again． Clara is both happy and sad．Happy because Phillip is better，but sad because she has to let him go．When Clara gets home， she feeds Phillip some fruit，kisses his back and says goodbye，then lets him go in the yard． Clara will always remember Phillip．
（1）Clara's mom looks upset because ．
A． she can't play with Clara
B． the grass is too long to cut
C． the lawnmower doesn't work
D． she hurts the turtle by mistake
（2）What does the underlined word "vet" mean？
A．兽医
B．药剂师
C．饲养员
D．驯兽师
（3）Clara provides for Phillip．
A． some fruit， water and grass
B． a tank， some leaves and water
C． a splint， a tank and some rocks
D． a bandage， some water and leaves
（4）What does Clara do after Phillip becomes healthy？
A． She takes him to get an X﹣ray．
B． She feeds him some leaves．
C． She lets him go．
D． She keeps him as a pet in the yard．
（5）What do you think of Clara？ She is ．
A． kind
B． polite
C． careless
D． creative
The opening of the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou high﹣speed railway took place in December，2019． The railway is a milestone in China's railway development because it has used the latest technologies in railway building．
The railway is 174 kilometers long， with 10 stations． The stations are managed by one control center， which is described by China Railway Beijing Group一also known as CR Beijing﹣ as an "intelligent（智能的） brain"． The center collects and shares the stations' real﹣time information． " With the information， the workers in the center can control the stations' lighting and temperature， monitor（监 测） trains' operation and deal with emergencies（紧急情况）．"said Zhu Dianping． from CR Beijing．
Zhu said some trains on the Beijing﹣ Zhangjiakou line are"smart" as they provide 5G signals and wireless charging（ 无线充电）for passengers， as well as intelligent lighting．These trains can start and stop， open and close doors， and deal with emergencies themselves．
All the ten stations provide ﹣ticket services， Travelers who have bought tickets online can use their ID cards instead of waiting in line for paper tickets．
At Qinghe Railway Station in Beijing， China's first visual remote ticket vending machine（远程可视售票机） has been installed（安装） to help passengers who are not able to afford tickets online Passengers keep in touch with the conductor through the machine and buy tickets according to video instructions．
In addition， the Badaling Great Wall Station， the deepest underground railway station in Chin， is another great example of the country s achievements in railway building．
（1）What does the word "milestone" mean in Chinese？
A．英石（重量单位）
B．垫脚石
C．里程碑
D．里程表
（2）The control center is described as ．
A． CR Beijing
B． Railway Beijing Group
C． a railway station
D． an "intelligent brain"
（3）Which is right according to the passage？
A． Each station has a control center．
B． All the trains can start and stop themselves．
C． All the stations have visual remote ticket vending machines．
D． The Badaling Great Wall Station is the deepest underground railway station in China．
（4）E﹣ticket services are provided so that travelers ．
A． can buy cheaper tickets
B． needn't wait in line for paper tickets
C． can only buy tickets online
D． can buy paper tickets
（5）What is special about the Beijing﹣ Zhangjiakou high﹣speed railway according to the passage？
A． Fast and cheap．
B． Long and deep．
C． Smart and intelligent．
D． Expensive and steady．