BigBlueWhaleNicolaDaviesIllust-优题课

When we’re little, our mother is the center of our attention, and we are the center of hers. So our mother’s characteristics leave an indelible(持久的)impression, and we are forever attracted to people with her facial features, body type, personality, even sense of humor. If our mother is warm and giving, as adults we tend to be attracted to people who are warm and giving. If our mother is strong and even-tempered, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates.
The mother has an additional influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general. So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that’s the way women are. They will probably grow up to be warm and responsive lovers and also be cooperative around the house.
Conversely, a mother who has a depressive personality, and is sometimes friendly but then suddenly turns cold and rejecting, may raise a man who becomes a “dance-away lover”. Because he’s been so scared about love from his mother, he’s afraid of commitment and may pull away from a girlfriend for this reason.
While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it’s the father—the first male in our lives—who influences how we relate to the opposite sex. Fathers have an enormous effect on their children’s personalities and chances of marital happiness.
Just as mothers influence their son’s general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men. If a father lavishes praise on his daughter and demonstrates that she is a worthwhile person, she’ll feel very good about herself in relation to men. But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she’s not very lovable or attractive.
In addition, most of us grow up with people of similar social circumstances. We hang around with people in the same town; our friends have about the same educational backgrounds and career goals. We tend to be most comfortable with these people, and therefore we tend to link up with others whose families are often much like our own.
Why do our mother’s characteristics leave us an indelible impression?

A．Because we are likely to be attracted to people with her characteristics.

B．Because the mother and her child are the centers of each other when her child is very young.

C．Because our mother is better than our dad.

D．Because our mother is a woman who is kind to us.

Which of the following is NOT true?

A．If our mother is warm and giving, we love to be together with warm and generous people.

B．If our mother is strong and well-controlled, we are going to be attracted to a fair-minded strength in our mates.

C．Mother not only gives her children clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also affects how they feel about women in general.

D．Fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men.

What does the underlined word “lavishes” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A．Uses much.

B．Uses little.

C．Never uses.

D．Seldom uses.

What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Mothers’ influence on their sons.

B．Parents’ influence on their children.

C．Parents’ impression on their children.

D．Fathers’ influence on their daughters.

All penguins (企鹅) swim in cold waters and so need a good layer of insulation (隔离), some species come ashore in hot places.Humboldt penguins,for example,nest in arid hot - 40°C, deserts on the west coast of South America, while others survive the lowest temperatures of any animals.Male Emperor penguins,as we know, spend the Antarctic winters incubating eggs in temperatures that can fall below -70°C. The insulation is provided in layers, under the skin is a thick layer of fat, then there is a layer of downy feathers that trap air, and finally another layer of waterproof feathers that keep the cold water away from the skin. With all this insulation penguins have no problem keeping warm at temperatures down to about -10°C - although they have special adaptations of the circulatory system to keep their feet from freezing and to prevent much heat loss through the feet that are on the ice. At lower temperatures penguins have to huddle (蜷缩) together to keep warm. In such huddles the penguins gradually move from the hot interior to the cold outside so that every penguin has his turn in the middle and on the outside.
In hot climates, penguins suffer greatly from overheating. They use several strategies to lose heat. They puff up their feathers so that air can circulate to their skin; they hold their flippers（脚蹼）out from their bodies and pump hot blood to them so that they can act as radiators; they open their mouths and breathe to lose heat from their hot breath; and those species that live in hot climates also have several bare patches of skin around the eyes and feet, they send blood to these bare patches when they are hot - you can recognize a hot penguin since it will have pink eye patches and pink patches on its feet.
77. Which of the following are the ways for penguins to keep warm?
a. staying together in good social order
b. several layers as radiators
c. a special circulatory system d. waterproof feathers
e. sending blood to bare patches
f. always staying in the middle
A. a, b, c B. a, c, d C. b, c, e D. c, d, f
78. The insulation consists of _______ layers.
A. two B. three C. four D. five
79. The underlined "puff up" in the second paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A. breathe deeply B. blow up C. hold tight D. spread out
80. The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. how penguins stay warm in cold places B. that penguins are a clever animal
C. how penguins keep their temperature D. why penguins can live a safe life

Come prepared: When you arrive at a race, your bike should be in race-ready condition.
Chain Management: Chain damage is still the number one problem with mountain bikes. Keeping your chain clean and well-oiled will help, as will frequent chain replacement. Periodic inspection of your chain for wear, stretch and damage may save you a long walk home.
Packing Tape: This can be used for rims trips, boots for fractured tires and a dozen more makeshift repairs. If you've flown to the race, it also saves you from having to borrow tape to close up your bike box for the flight home. Other musts: safety pins and plastic zip ties.
Pre-race: Visual inspections before any serious off-road ride, carefully examine the area where the tire hooks onto the rim and remove any foreign objects which could cause premature（比预期早的）tire wear.
Tire Pressure: Check tire pressure before race start. The recommended pressure is noted on the tire sidewall, usually 40 lbs., many racers run 50 lbs., or more for less rolling resistance.
Be Self-Contained: Make sure you are self-contained. Bring your own drinking water, food and first aid kit. Also have tools, spare parts, tubes, quick fills and a chain tool. Never suppose you can just borrow these items from a friend.
Post-race Visual Inspections: Inspect your bike after completing each event, especially before competing in a downhill event. Re-inspect before packing your bike for the trip home.
Have Fun!
73. This passage is written for those who _______.
A. go in for outdoor activities B. love cycling in other places
C. will join in mountain bike races D. are preparing for a marathon
74. The writer seems to advise the racers ________.
A. not to replace chain frequently B. not to take an extra chain
C. to bring less while racing D. to have higher tire pressure
75 The passage is organized in order of _______.
A. importance B. time C. readers' interest D. place
76. From the passage we can safely say that _______.
A. a foreign tire is a guarantee for the cyclist to win the race
B. the biggest trouble for the race is that nobody will help you
C. a downhill event causes more damage to the bike than an uphill one
D. regular inspection is a must before, during, and even after the race

Less than one year after France imposed(强加于)a nationwide ban on smoking in most public places, it will, from Jan. 1, 2008, extend the ban to bars, restaurants, hotels, nightclubs - and the most cherished of all: caf†s.
Ireland and Italy show that countries with longstanding smoking traditions may introduce bans fairly smoothly, as they did in 2004 and 2005. In Germany, where regulations vary locally, Berlin will join France on Jan 1. But fierce critics of the new law in France say it all but destroys the caf†'s basic function: to serve as the socioeconomic glue of society.
C†cile Perez, owner of La Fronde, a typical Parisian neighborhood caf† said: "In the morning, street cleaners in bright green uniforms sip coffee next to well-dressed businessmen; at lunch hour, working-class types rub shoulders with those of the latest fashion at the bar, while couples of all ages rub noses over salads; during the after-work rush, there is a steady soundtrack of clinking glasses combined with conversation; the constant, no matter what time of day, is the smoke that drifts through the air in curls and clouds, seemingly unnoticed."
"Our motto in France is: liberty, equality, fraternity," Olivier Seconda, a regular at the caf†, said.
"The caf† is the place that represents that. You're free to smoke, everyone pays the same price for a beer and different kinds of people talk with one another. This new law goes against that."
Seconda expects the ban to be felt even more strongly in small villages far from Paris, where the caf† is often the only means of social activity. "People already miss the space that allows people of all walks of life to share something-even if it is sometimes no more than a few words and the smoke floating between them."
69. In Germany, ______.
A. caf† smoking will be forbidden from Jan,1, 2008
B. the tradition of caf† smoking is and will be well-kept
C. local customs are well respected in terms of smoking
D. there are different regulation on smoking
70. C†cile Perez mentions the curls and clouds of smoke drifting through the air to ______
A. describe a friendly atmosphere B. show the beauty of his own caf†
C. support the ban on smoking D. remind us of something unnoticed
71. Olivier Seconda implies that ______.
A. the caf† provides people with enough liberty, equality, and fraternity
B. people, regardless of their social class, enjoy equal rights in a caf†
C. the new ban on caf† smoking should be put in effect only in villages
D. people would not find fun in a caf† without smoking a cigarette
72. The passage is written to _______.
A. show the writer's personal opinion against a new law
B. provide information for law-makers to pass a new law
C. tell why some people are unhappy about smoking ban in caf†s
D. compare attitudes to a law, held by people from different countries

The choice to adopt and hold gratefulness is the one that is different from those who suffer misfortune and those who enjoy a full life.
My mother died when I was 24. It was a very difficult time in my life - everything seemed to fall apart. I lost my job, and then my utilities were turned off. I had to take cold showers for six months. A neighbor who knew about my situation came to my house and made me an offer. I took care of her children as a job, and I no longer went hungry. I was surprised that someone would trust me－a young woman－with her children. And it was with the very confidence that before long I began taking care of other people's children, too. I have since moved 300 miles from Boise, Idaho. For more than 23 years I have made every effort to reach out to all the kind-hearted people who helped me when I was down and out. Without their trust, I don't know what I would have done. I am very involved in my community and volunteer at the local food bank, and I help out whenever I can. I'd like to owe what I am to whoever has offered me generosity.
If you are grateful for what you already have, the world will work together to give you more to be grateful for. Otherwise, the world will give you more to complain about.
Moreover, the true master learns to be grateful, in advance, for the things that are desired, because, being grateful in advance for some attainment or accomplishment does two very important things: one－it tricks your subconscious(潜意识)into believing that the goal is certain and two…it convinces other people, with whom you must interact to achieve your desires, that you know what you are about, that you are a winner, not a whiner(哀诉者).
65. The underlined "utilities" refers to such things as ______ in the passage.
A. gas and electricity supplies B. water and gas supplies
C. shower equipment and water supply D. heating and TV signals
66. The writer was grateful mainly for ______.
A. his neighbor's donation B. his community
C. having got the job D. others' trust
67. The writer's personal story in the second paragraph tells us that ______.
A. to be grateful will get you nowhere but away from home
B. we need to be grateful to be helpful and useful
C. a grateful person is most likely to be successful
D. the fragrance (芳香) stays in the hand that gives the rose
68. The best title for the passage would be ________.
A. A Thank-You Note to Trusting Neighbor B. You Are a Winner, Not a Whiner
C. Gratefulness Brings a Great Fullness to Life D. Be Grateful to Life in Advance

A．Nick Maland.	B．Tom Stack.
C．Jan Sovak.	D．Frank Greenaway.

A．Big Blue Whale	B．Life in the Coral Reef
C．North American Endangered Species	D．Whale