Kitesurfingasawatersportbegani-优题课

The word “conservation” has a thrifty（节俭）meaning. To conserve is to save and to protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that others may also share the enjoyment. Our forefathers had no idea that human population would increase faster than the supplies of raw materials; most of them, even until very recently, had the foolish idea that the treasures were “limitless” and “inexhaustible”. Most of the citizens of earlier generations knew little or nothing about the complicated and delicate system that runs all through nature, and which means that, as in a living body, an unhealthy condition of one part will sooner or later be harmful to all the others.
Fifty years ago nature study was not part of the school work; scientific forestry was a new idea; wood was still cheap because it could be brought in any quantity from distant woodlands; soil destruction and river floods were not national problems; nobody had yet studied long-term climatic cycles in relation to proper land use; even the word “conservation” had nothing of the meaning that it has for us today.
For the interests of ourselves and those who will come after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes of our forefathers. Conservation should, therefore, be made a part of everyone’s daily life. To know about the water table（水位）in the ground is just as important to us as a knowledge of the basic arithmetic formulas. We need to know why all watersheds（上游源头森林地带集水区）need the protection of plant life and why the running current of streams and rivers must be made to yield ( produce ) their full benefit to the soil before they finally escape to the sea. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them. We need to know the importance of big nature trees, because living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume（容积量）above the earth. In brief, it should be our goal to restore as much of the original beauty of nature as we can.
According to the author the greatest mistake of our forefathers was that _______.

A．they had no idea about scientific forestry

B．they had little or no sense of environmental protection

C．they did not realize the importance

D．they had no idea of how to make good use of raw materials

It can be inferred from the passage that earlier generations didn’t realize _______.

A．the interdependence（相互依存）of water, soil, and living things

B．the importance of the proper land use

C．the harmfulness of soil destruction and river floods

D．the extraordinary rapid growth of population

With a view to correcting the mistakes of our forefathers, the author suggests that ______.

A．we plant more trees

B．our forefathers be taught environmental science, as well as the science of plants

C．environmental education be directed toward everyone

D．we return to nature

. What does the author imply（express indirectly）by saying “living space for most of man’s fellow creatures on this planet is figured not only in square measure of surface but also in cubic volume（容积量）above the earth.”?

A．Our living space on the earth is getting smaller and smaller.

B．Our living space should be measured in cubic volume.

C．We need to take some measures to protect space.

D．We must create better living conditions for both birds and animals.

The underlined word “restore” probably is closest to the meaning of “_________”.

A．put back

B．bring back

C．keep

D．protect

When we see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we cannot see perfectly that we realize how important our eyes are.
People who are near-sighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Everything else seems blurry (unclear). Many people who do a lot of work, such as writing, reading and sewing become near--sighted.
People who are far-sighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses, too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. They have what is called astigmatism (散光). This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts (白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
Having two good eyes is important for judging distances. Each eye sees things from a slightly different angle. To prove this to yourself, look at an object out of one eye; then look at the same object out of your other eye. You will find the object’s relation to the background and other things around it has changed. The difference between these two different eye views helps us to judge how far away an object is. People who have only one eye cannot judge distance as people with two eyes.
We should take good care of our eyes ___.

A．only when we can see well

B．only when we cannot see perfectly

C．even if we can see well

D．only when we realize how important our eyes are

. When things far away seem indistinct(模糊不清) , one is probably ____.

A．near-sighted	B．far-sighted
C．astigmatic	D．suffering from cataracts

The underlined word “suffer” in the third paragraph probably means ____.

A．experience	B．imagine
C．feel pain	D．are affected with

Having two eyes instead of one is particularly useful for ____.

A．seeing at night	B．seeing objects far away
C．looking over a wide area	D．judging distances

People who suffer from astigmatism have ____ .

A．one eye bigger than the other

B．eyes that are not exactly the right shape

C．a difficulty that can be corrected by an operation

D．an eye difficulty that cannot be corrected by glasses

How to Fight Winter Blue
Winter’s short days are more than cold. For many people, winter depression, the most common type of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), is as much a part of the season as hats and scarves.
Winter serious SAD sufferers may need medical treatment. Those feeling a little blue can help themselves by sticking to a healthy lifestyle.
Here are some tips:
Pace yourself. Don’t expect to do everything you normally can. Set a realistic schedule. Don’t listen to negative thinking, like blaming yourself or expecting to fail.
Get involved in activities that make you feel good or feel like you’ve achieved something. For example, play table tennis or badminton.
If you are feeling depressed, you may feel like staying away from friends. Yet this is a time when friends’ support can be helpful. Call them regularly. Remember, the more we put off calling or visiting a friend, the harder it is to rebuild a friendship.
Think clearly about what’s wrong or right. Instead of giving in to vague feelings of sadness, look at your problems objectively. Break down problems into specific issues that you can work on.
Regular exercise helps to prevent and ease depression.
Eat well. Studies show that a healthy diet can help to maintain (keep) a healthy body and mind. The vitamins, minerals and micro—nutrients found in balanced diet may help our bodies to produce feel-good hormones(荷尔蒙). Foods containing chemicals to help produce feel-good hormones include bananas, turkey, nuts and seeds. Eat at least five pieces of fruit and vegetables every day.
P.S. Symptoms(症状) of SAD:
No interest or pleasure in things you used to enjoy.
Increased need for sleep.
A change in eating habits, especially an appetite for sweet or starchy(含淀粉的) foods.
Weight gain
A heavy feeling in the arms or legs
A drop in energy level
Difficulty in concentrating
Overly emotional
Avoidance of friends and social situations
Frequent feelings of guilt
Long-term feelings of hopelessness, and physical problems, such as headaches
The writer of the passage agrees that .

A．the cold in winter makes us suffer from SAD

B．hats and scarves protect us from SAD

C．every one of us meets SAD in winter

D．we are blue mainly because of short days in winter

We may infer that , according to the passage.

A．more darkness will make us sad

B．we should wear hats and scarves in winter

C．a healthy lifestyle prevents us from serious SAD

D．staying away from friends makes us depressed

．When we pace ourselves, we .

A．don’t do anything we can	B．make a practical plan
C．face depression easily	D．think something of guilt

The underlined expression “ease depression” in the passage probably means “”

A．reduce depression	B．be easy with depression
C．face depression easily	D．make an easy depression

The passage includes the following except .

A．the earlier we meet friends, the easier it is to rebuild a friendship

B．if we give in to unclear feelings of sadness, we’ll be caught in the SAD

C．playing table tennis helps us achieve whatever we want

D．feel--good hormones from a balanced diet can help a healthy body

Justin’s bedroom was so full of flat bicycle tires, bent tennis rackets, deflated basketballs, and games with missing pieces that you could hardly get in the door. His parents pleaded with him to clean out his room.
“What use is a fish tank with a hole in the bottom?” his father asked. But Justin simply smiled and repeated his motto, “Never throw anything out, you never know when it might come in handy.”
When Justin was away from home, he always carried his blue backpack — a smaller bag of his bedroom — a place to store the many objects that he collected. It was so worn and stretched that it hardly resembled a backpack anymore.
Justin had earned a reputation for figuring things out and getting people out of otherwise hopeless situations. Many of his classmates and neighbors sought him out when they needed help with a problem. On the first day of school, his friend Kenny, came looking for Justin.
“Do you think you have something in your backpack that could help me remember my locker combination (箱子密码)?” he asked. “I lost the piece of paper it was written on. I have a science class in two minutes and if I’m late on the first day it’ll make me look bad for the rest of the year.” Kenny looked really worried.
“Relax,” Justin said, taking his backpack off and opened it. “Remember how you borrowed my notebook in my home to write the combination down? Well, I know how I can recover what you wrote.”
He took the notebook and a soft lead pencil out of his backpack. The page that Kenny had written on had left faint marks on another page in the notebook. Justin held the pencil on its side and rubbed it lightly over the marks. Slowly but surely the numbers of the locker combination appeared in white.
“That’ s amazing!” Kenny said, “I owe you one.” And he dashed off to open his locker.
It was just another day in the life of the boy whose motto was “Never throw anything out; you never know when it might come in handy.”
Why is Justin’s room in such a mess?

A．He always forgets to clean it.

B．He never throws anything out.

C．He has no time to clean it.

D．He shares the room with his brother.

In what way is Justin’s blue backpack used?

A．He uses it as a place to store collected objects.

B．He uses it to carry his books and sports equipment.

C．His parents tell him to clean it all the time.

D．He carries it to remind others of his ability.

The underlined phrase “pleaded with” means .

A．ignored

B．asked

C．pushed

D．admired

How does Kenny feel toward Justin?

A．Annoyed

B．Disinterested

C．Grateful

D．Angry

Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers.
Their study found that theobromine（可可碱）, found in cocoa, was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine, which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more effective cough treatment. “While coughing is not necessarily harmful it can have a major effect on the quality of life, and this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem,” said Professor Peter Barnes.
Ten healthy volunteers were given theobromine, codeine or placebo, a pill that contains no medicine, during the experiment. Neither the volunteers nor the researchers knew who received which pill. The researchers then measured levels of capsaicin, which is used in research to cause coughing and as a sign of how well the medicines are stopping coughs.
The team found that, when the volunteers were given theobromine, the capsaicin needed to produce a cough was around a third higher than in the placebo group. When they were given codeine they needed only slightly higher levers of capsaicin to cause a cough compared with the placebo.
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity(神经活动), which cause coughing. They also found that unlike some standard cough treatments, theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
According to Professor Barnes, theobromine ______.

A．cannot be as effective as codeine

B．can be harmful to people’s health

C．cannot be separated from chocolate

D．can be a more effective cure for coughs

What was used in the experiment to cause coughing?

A．Theobromine.

B．Codeine.

C．Capsaicin.

D．Placebo.

We learn from the text that volunteers in the experiment _____.

A．were patients with bad coughs

B．were divided into the three groups

C．received standard treatments

D．suffered little side effects

Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A．Codeine: A New Medicine

B．Chocolate May Cure Coughs

C．Cough Treatment: A Hard Case

D．Theobromine Can Cause Coughs

A．Water	B．Wind
C．The sun	D．The kite

A．在……范围内变动	B．按……顺序排列
C．向……方向延伸	D．根据……归类