When US student Olivia Priedeman, 17, woke up one morning, she thought she had had a dream about making plans with a friend. But it wasn’t a dream. Her phone showed that during the night, Priedeman had read a text message from her friend. She did it while she was fast asleep.
Reading and responding (反应) to text messages while asleep – called “sleep texting” – is an unusual sleep behavior, similar to sleepwalking. It’s also a growing concern among doctors: young people can’t live without their cell phones.
One in three teenagers sends more than 100 text messages a day, according to the Pew Internet & American Life Project. And at least four out of five teenagers said they sleep with their phone on or near their bed.
Elizabeth Dowdell, a professor at Villanova University in Pennsylvania, has studied sleep texting. She said that having a phone nearby all night is a big part of the problem.
“That phone is in bed with them or sometimes on top of their chest when they’re sleeping or even in their hand. So the response is kind of automatic (自动的),” she said.
Andrew Stiehm, a sleep medicine expert with Allina Health in Minnesota, agrees. It’s possible for the part of the brain that controls motor (运动神经) skills to wake up, while the part of the brain that controls memory and judgment may remain asleep. That’s why some people can perform basic movements – such as walking, talking, texting or even driving – while they’re sleeping.
Some of Dowdell’s students have admitted that they’re disturbed by their nighttime texting behavior. But because sleep texting is unconscious (无意识的), it’s a difficult habit to break.
Dowdell said she knows of some students who wear socks on their hands to keep themselves from texting.
Marjorie Hogan, a doctor at Hennepin County Medical Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota, suggests keeping all electronic devices outside the bedroom at certain times.
Shay Radhakrishnan, 16, admits that she sleeps with her phone. But now the practice is giving her some pause (停顿).
“A lot of people leave their phones on their side tables, but for some reason I leave mine on my bed,” she said. “It is probably dangerous because it will probably wake me up a lot more – and probably cause me to start sleep texting.”What happened to Olivia Priedeman?
A.She sleepwalked to a friend’s house. |
B.She phoned one of her friends during the night. |
C.She dreamed of making plans with a friend. |
D.She read a text message from her friend while asleep. |
How does sleep texting happen?
A.Some parts of the body are out of control during sleep. |
B.The brain part controlling motor skills wakes up during sleep. |
C.The brain part controlling judgment stays awake during sleep. |
D.The brain part controlling memory becomes unconscious during sleep. |
What does doctor Hogan suggest people who sleep text do?
A.Stop texting during the daytime. |
B.Keep their phones out of their bedrooms while they sleep. |
C.Take some medicine to control the behavior. |
D.Wear socks on their hands to stop themselves from texting. |
Which of the following statements about sleep texting is TRUE?
A.Sleep texting can reduce the quality of one’s sleep. |
B.It’s easy to break away from a sleep texting habit. |
C.Sleep texting does more harm to one’s health than sleepwalking. |
D.One in three teenagers has a sleep texting habit. |
第三部分: 阅读理解 (共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
It was a winter morning, just a couple of weeks before Christmas 2005.While most people were warming up their cars, Trevor, my husband, had to get up early to ride his bike four kilometers away from home to work.On arrival, he parked his bike outside the back door as he usually does.After putting in 10 hours of labor, he returned to find his bike gone.
The bike, a black Kona 18 speed, was our only transport.Trevor used it to get to work, putting in 60-hour weeks to support his young family.And the bike was also used to get groceries(食品杂货),saving us from having to walk long distances from where we live.
I was so sad that someone would steal our bike that I wrote to the newspaper and told them our story.Shortly after that, several people in our area offered to help.One wonderful stranger even bought a bike, then called my husband to pick it up.Once again my husband had a way to get to and from his job.It really is an honor that a complete stranger would go out of their way for someone they have never met before.
People say that a smile can be passed from one person to another, but acts of kindness from strangers are even more so.This experience has had a spreading effect in our lives because it strengthened our faith in humanity(人性)as a whole.And it has influenced(影响)us to be more mindful of ways we, too, can share with others.No matter how big or how small, an act of kindness shows that someone cares.And the results can be everlasting.
56.Why was the bike so important to the couple?
A.The man’s job was bike racing. B.It was their only possession.
C.It was a nice Kona 18 speed. D.They used it for work and daily life.
57.We can infer from the text that ____________.
A.the couple worked 60 hours a week. B.people were busy before Christmas
C.the stranger brought over the bike D.life was hard for the young family.
58.How did people get to know the couple’s problem?
A.From radio broadcasts. B.From a newspaper.
C.From TV news. D.From a stranger.
59.What do the couple learn from their experience?
A.Strangers are usually of little help. B.One should take care of their bike.
C.News reports make people famous. D.An act of kindness can mean a lot.
E
Right and Wrong
Suppose you work in a library, checking people's books as they leave, and a friend asks you to let him steal a hard-to-find reference book that he wants to own.
You might hesitate (犹豫)to agree for various reasons. You might be afraid that he'll be caught, and that both you and he will then get into trouble. You might want the book to stay in the library so that you can read it yourself.
But you may also think that what he proposes is wrong -- that he shouldn't do it and you shouldn't help him. If you think that , what does it mean, and what, if anything, makes it true?
To say it's wrong is not just to say it's against the rules. There can be bad rules which stop what isn't wrong -- like a company rule against criticizing the boss. A rule can also be bad because it requires something that is wrong -- like a law that looks down upon black people in hotels and restaurants. The ideas of wrong and right are different from the ideas of what is and is not against the rules.
If you think it would be wrong to help your friend steal the book, then you will feel uncomfortable about doing it" in some way you won't want to do it, even if you are also unwilling to refuse to help a friend. Where does the desire not to do it come from? What is its motive (动机)behind it?
There are various ways in which something can be wrong, but in this case, if you had to explain it, you'd probably say that it would be unfair to other users of the library. They may be just as interested in the book as your friend is, but read it in the reference room, where anyone who needs it can find it.
These thoughts have to do with effects on others -- not necessarily effects on their feelings, since they may never find out about it, but some kind of damage. In general, the thought that something is wrong depends on its impact (影响力)not just on the person who does it but on other people.
77.The following may be the reasons why the librarian dos not want to help his friend except that
A.he is afraid that his friend might get into trouble.
B.he himself might get into trouble.
C.he believes it is wrong to help one’s poor friend.
D.he wants to read the book himself.
78.Why does the author give some examples of bad rules?
A.Because those rules are said to be strongly negative(否定).
B.Because he wants to show that rules are not the criteria(标准)for judging right or wrong.
C.Because those rules are made in order to stop what is wrong.
D.Because he wants to support the argument that stealing a book is not a crime.
79.In the sentence “What is its motive(动机)behind it?” (Paragraph 4), “it ” refers to.
A.the “it ” in the phrase “the desire not to do it”.
B. “the desire” in the phrase “the desire not to do it”.
C.the idea of Paragraph 5.
D.the idea of helping the friend.
80.According to the passage, the author would judge what is wrong
A.by what is or is not against the rules.
B.by its impact on other people.
C.by one’s thoughts and feelings towards it.
D.by the kind of damage it does to othes.
D
I wrote to the White House asking about a birthday greeting for my grandfather who will be 95 next year. I received a card signed by Bill and Hillary. They look like real signatures(签名)and are not printed and they are probably produced by autographing(亲笔签名)machines. That says:
Happy Birthday!
Hillary and I are delighted to join your friends and family in congratulating you on this special day. As you look forward to the year ahead, please accept our best wishes for good health and much future happiness.
This was sent in a double envelope so that I could address the inner one to my grandfather and send the sealed(盖章) card to him. The card has the presidential seal printed in gold. The outer envelop is hand addressed.
NOTE: the postage meter impression on the outer envelope reminded me that the president does not have franking privileges.(邮资特权)
The outer envelope does have a little "B" written on the upper right corner indication that they have a pile of these pre-signed and double-enveloped; when a request comes in, they just write the address on the outer envelope and mail it.
The return address on both envelopes is simple: The White House, Washington.
73.When did the writer write to the White House?
A.On his grandfather’s birthday.
B.On his birthday.
C.When his grandfather was 94 years.
D.When his grandfather was 95 years old.
74.It’s clear that the card sent by Bill and Hillary was .
A.signed by an autographing machine
B.the one that had real signatures of Bill and Hillary
C.the one whose signatures were printed
D.the one that was signed with their own names
75.Form what the card says, we can find it .
A.was a public letter for those who were in need of greeting
B.can be sent to all those who write to them both
C.was sent specially to the writer’s grandfather
D.can be sent to anyone whose birthday is coming near
76.The letter “B” on the upper right corner of the outer envelope means .
A.these are all double envelope having cards with pre-signatures inside them
B.these are all letters which have franking privileges
C.they have written the address on the outer envelopes
D.they have written “The White House, Washington” on both envelopes
C
What’s on TV?
6:00 ③Let’s talk! Guest: Animal expert Jim Porter
⑤Cartoons
⑧News
⑨News
7:00 ③Cooking with CathyTonight: Chicken with mushrooms.
⑤Movie “A laugh a Minute”(1955)James Rayburn.
⑧Spin for Dollars!
⑨Farm Report
7:30 ③Double Trouble(comedy) The twins disrupt the high school dance.
⑨Wall Street Today: Stock Market Report
8:00 ③NBA Basketball. Teams to be announced
⑧Movie “At day’s End”(1981)Michael Collier, Julie Romer. Drama set in World War11.
⑨News Special “Saving Our Waterways: Pollution in the Mississippi”.
69.The number of programs can be arranged as .
A.News>art>animals>economic
B.News>economic>art>animals
C.Art>animals>news>economic
D.Art>news>economic>animals
70.Which program would probably interests housewife most?
A.Let’s Talk! B.Wall Street Today.
C.Cooking with Cathy. D.Farm Report.
71.If you’d like to watch a game show, you could turn on the TV to .
A.Channel 5 at 6:00 B.Channel 8 at 7:00
C.Channel 3 at 7:30 D.Channel 3 at 8:00
72.Which is most probably the News Channel?
A.3. B.5. C.8. D.9.
B
The climate of any place is the kind of weather. It usually has over a long period of time. The houses we live in, the clothes we wear, the foods we eat depend on the climate of the place where we live.
Climate is pattern that is not nearly as simple as we think, and it is affected by many factors. The distance to the North or South Pole or to the equator really matters a lot. If you live near either of the poles, you live in a cold climate, for the place where you live does not get as much or as direct sunshine as a place farther away from the poles. In places close to the equator, the climate is very hot, for they are the parts where the sun shines almost straight down.
Whether rain or snow falls makes a great difference to the climate. In hot, dry deserts, little rain falls, but in a hot rain forest, the amount of rainfalls is far larger than that in a desert, for there is a heavy rain almost every day, even several times per day. Though a rainforest and a desert may be the same distance from the equator, their climates are rather different from each other.
How much rain or snow falls are considered by some to be determined by the winds, the surrounding mountains and the currents(水流) in nearby seas and so on. In short, it is a very complex natural phenomenon.
65.This passage mainly talks about .
A.weather B.different climates
C.climate and its determining factors D.the difference between weather and climate
66.From this passage, we know climate and weather are and climate is.
A.almost the same; the general term of weather
B.quite different; the average weather conditions at a particular place over a period of time
C.not the same; included by weather
D.very much alike; bigger and weather is smaller
67.The difference of the climates between a tropical(热带的)desert and a tropical rain forst affected by.
A.the amount of rainfalls
B.the winds and the surrounding mountains
C.the currents in near seas.
D.how much sunshine the two different places can get
68.From the context, we can guess that the word “complex” isand it .
A.a noun; means a simple thing
B.an adjective; means being easy to understand
C.an adverb; has almost the same meaning of “rather”
D.an adjective; means being difficult to understand