Self—employed private doctors who charge a fee each patient’s visit are the foundation of medical practice in the United States. Most doctors have contract relationship with one or more hospitals in the community. They send their patients to this hospital，which usually charges patients according to the number of days they stay and the facilities (operation room, tests, medicines that they use). Some hospitals belong to a city, a state or a government agency. Others are operated by religious orders (教会)or other non—profit groups.
Some medical doctors are on salary. Salaried doctors may work as hospital staff (员工)members, or residents, who are often still in training . They may teach in medical schools, or be hired by corporations to care for their workers to work for the government’s Public Health Service.
Doctors are among the best paid professionals in the United States. In the 1980s, it was not uncommon for medical doctors to earn incomes of more than $100,000 a year. Specialists, particularly surgeons, might earn several times that amount. Doctors list many reasons why they deserve to be so well rewarded for their work. One reason is the long and expensive preparation required to become a doctor in the United States. Most would—be doctors first attend college for four years, which can cost nearly $20,000 a year at one of the best private institutions. Then they attend medical school for four years. Tuition(学费)alone can more than $10,000 a year. By the time they have obtained their medical degrees, many young doctors are deeply in debt. They still face three to five years of residency(实习阶段) in hospital, the first year as an assistant. The hours are long and the pay is relatively low.
Setting up a medical practice is expensive, too. Sometimes several doctors will decide to establish a group practice, so they can share the expense of maintaining an office and buying equipment. These doctors also take care of each other’s patients in emergencies.
Doctors work long hours and must accept a great deal of responsibility. Many medical procedures, even quite practiced many times, still involve risk. It is understandable that doctors want to be well—paid for making decisions which can mean the difference between life and death.
According to the passage, it is very unlikely that an American hospital is owned by .

A．a church

B．a corporation

C．a city

D．a state

The expenses for becoming a doctor are mainly spent on .

A．schooling and retraining	B．practice in a hospital
C．facilities he or she uses	D．education he or she receives

Sometimes several doctors set up a group medical practice mainly because .

A．it’s difficult for one doctor to take care of too many patients

B．they can take turns to work for long hours

C．facilities may be too much of burden for one doctor to shoulder

D．no one wants to take too much res

ponsibility

The statement that fully expresses the author’s view towards US doctors’ payment is that .

A．they deserve a very good payment for their expensive education and their responsibility

B．it is reasonable for doctors to have a large income because their work is dangerous

C．doctors should be better paid because they work long hours in bad conditions

D．doctors have great responsibility, so it is understandable that they should be well paid

Dangerous creatures
Some beach creatures are wonderful—like dolphins, but others are dangerous. Find out more about the dangerous ones –puffer fish, blue ringed octopus, and stingrays.

The blue ringed octopus

The blue ringed octopus is not a very big creature but it is very dangerous.
These octopuses are found all around the coast of Australia. They often lie in rock pools close to shore.
The blue ringed octopus is usually a dull colour but it shows its bright blue rings when it is in danger. If it is taken out of the water by someone, it is able to bite him and poison him.
If this creature bites someone, he will feel numbness (麻木) around the mouth, face and neck, Puffer Fish
Puffer Fish are found in all Australian seas. They are very easy to catch but must not be eaten because their flesh contains a poison.
Anyone who does eat the flesh can become sick very quickly. They may even stop breathing.

The Blue Bottle

The Blue Bottle is found in most Australian waters. Blue Bottles float lightly on the surface of the water but their tentacles(触角)can be as long as 10 meters.
Blue Bottles are much less dangerous than some other jellyfish, but they can give a swimmer a bad sting(刺) if the swimmer accidentally touches them.

Stingrays

There are many different kinds of stingrays in Australian waters. They usually swim and feed on the bottom of the sea. Accidents can happen if people stand on them or try to pick them up.
Stingrays have a sting on their tail. These stings have poison on them. If someone is stung, the wound can easily become infected.
If you swim in Australian waters, you will probably .

A．be bitten by the blue ringed octopus

B．stop breathing because of Puffer Fish

C．get a bad sting by the Blue Bottle

D．become infected by stingrays

According to the text, the less aggressive (侵略性)creature is .

A．the blue ringed octopus	B．puffer fish
C．the blue bottle	D．stingrays

According to this passage, the correct one of the following is that .

A．all creatures along the coast of Australia are dangerous

B．poisonous creatures change the body color when in danger

C．no accident will happen unless people touch these creatures

D．if people stand on the beach, accidents can happen because of creatures

The main idea of this passage is about .

A．dangerous creatures in the sea	B．interesting creatures in the ocean
C．wild creatures in Australia seas	D．different creatures in Australian waters

Be Healthy ! Be Slim ! Be Beautiful!
Discover the secret for a healthy, slim, and beautiful you !
Discover how to be healthy, slim and beautiful !
I love this healthy diet program because it helps you lose weight, lose inches, feel healthy and look beautiful.
This healthy diet is an 8 week’s program which is unlike other diet regimes(食物疗法). In that it focuses on proper nutrition first and weight loss second. Your body must have proper levels of minerals, vitamin, and protein in order to work well. It provides a simple lifestyle change to give you more energy and improve your health most greatly. It offers control over stomach and continuing hunger with a dense diet allowing 1,700 to 2,000 calories a day. If a person has a weight problem, their body probably is not working at proper levels of basic nutrients. We invite you to follow this program, so you can be the slim person who lives inside you.
You too, can love dieting especially if you are losing weight and losing inches.
For more information about our program, please get to our address in the internet:
http://www.Shaklee. net/ lifestyle—for—heath/products
This passage is mainly about .

A．how people should keep fit	B．a healthy diet program
C．why people should keep fit	D．ways to lose weight

The underlined phrase “lose inches” in the passage means .

A．become shorter	B．become taller
C．become fatter	D．become thinner

According to this passage, all of the following are true except that .

A．this program makes a change in your lifestyle

B．this program can stop you from feeling hungry all the time

C．this program allows you 1,700 to 2,000 calories for each meal

D．this program tries to tell us what people should do to become slim

If you click “ http://www.Shaklee. net/ lifestyle—for—heath/products ”you may read

A．some other programs	B．the content of this program
C．some interesting foods	D．some products you can buy

Attention deficit（不足）hyperactivity（活动过度）disorder is known by the letters A．D．H D．Children with A．D．H．D．might have trouble paying attention．They might not seem to listen and might forget things．They might not be able to stay seated or play quietly．They might talk too much and act and speak without thinking about the results of their behavior．These are among the signs named on the web site of America’s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention．
Doctors usually identify the disorder in children．But experts say the behaviors often last into adulthood．Researchers have been looking for the cause or causes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder．Now, a brain-imaging study offers more evidence that could lead to new ways to treat it．Researchers say they observed shortages in the brain's reward system in patients with A．D．H．D．The study found that levels of some proteins were lower than normal．Nora Volkow, director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse, says the lack of attention and self –control that mark A.B.H.D. could be caused by problem in the flow of dopamine（多巴胺）. She says people might have difficulty completing an activity if they cannot expect some kind of reward in return. Researchers studied the pathways on which dopamine travels and A.D.H.D. Doctor Volkow says the researchers then compared the pathways to those of 44 adults without the disorder. “There was a lower concentration of dopamine markers in the brain of individuals with A.D.H.D., specifically in the areas of the brain that are involved with reward and motivation. And the dopamine levels were directly linked to the severity, of the patient’s inattention she says.”
The study used brain images taken at Brookhaven National Laboratory in new York State. Gene-Jack Wang is chairman of the Brookdhaven medical department. He says the finding might also help explain why people with A.D.H.D.
are more likely to abuse drugs or overeat. He says they might be attempting to increase their dopamine levels to make up for the deficits in their reward system.

Title	●The finding of
Theof Children with A.D.H.D.	●They are lacking in . ●Perhaps they don’t seem to listen. ●Perhaps they are. ●Perhaps they can’t sit foror play quietly. ●They might talk too much and act and speak withoutthe results of their behavior
The of A.D.H.D.	●patients with A.D.H.D are of the brain’s reward. ●Levels of some proteins are lower than normal. ●Levels of dopamine areas well.
Reasons of abusing Drugs	●They are trying totheir dopamine.

In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English -- and all at the same time. This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US' s Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and Germany' s University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other.
One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into another. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Users also have to be trained how to use the programme.
Another prototype (雏形机) can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what language they speak. "It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you," Waibel said.
Prefer to read? So-called Translation Glasses transcribe (转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal(液晶) display (LCD) screen.
Then there' s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes (电极) capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech. The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted (植入) in a person' s face, according to researchers.
During a demonstration (演示) held last Thursday in CMU' s Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Stan Jou had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat. Then he mouthed -- without speaking aloud -- a few words in Mandarin(普通话) to the audience. A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish: "Let me introduce our new prototype".
This particular gadget (器械), when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of languages or, as Waibel put it, "to switch your mouth to a foreign language". "The idea behind the university' s prototypes is to create 'good enough' bridges for cross-cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world," Waibel said.
With spontaneous (自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio, tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people, and leaders of different countries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.
What kind of prototype did the Chinese student named Stan Jou try?

A．Lecture Translation.	B．Translation Glasses.
C．Muscle Translator.	D．We don' t know.

What is the purpose of inventing the translators?

A．To help students to learn English.

B．To help people to watch foreign TV programs.

C．To help people travel in foreign countries.

D．To promote cultural exchanges between countries.

What is the best title of this text?

A．Speak different languages at the same time?

B．Flow to learn to speak foreign languages?

C．New ways to learn foreign languages

D．You' r

e welcome to learn foreign languages

A．normal	B．common
C．unpleased	D．guilty（负疚的）