WhenChristopherColumbuslandedo-优题课

C
Latest data shows an estimated 39.5 million people around the world are living with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. According to the report, this means every eight seconds somebody in the world is infected with HIV, resulting in 11,000 people becoming newly infected every day.
The director of UNAIDS, Peter Piot, says most of the new infections, nearly two-thirds, are in Sub-Saharan Africa. But, the biggest increases are in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where infection rates have risen by more than 50 percent since 2004. He says 2.9 million people died from AIDS-related illnesses this year, the highest number ever.
UNAIDS senior epidemiologist(流行病学家), Karen Stanecki, says infections are rising in countries where HIV prevention programs have not adapted to the changing nature of the epidemics(流行病). Stanecki noted，"In Thailand, one of our past success stories, a large percentage of new HIV infections are occurring in people considered to be low risk. One third of new infections are among married women."
It says data shows increased use of condoms has resulted in drops in HIV prevalence(流行) among young people between 2000 and 2005 in a number of African countries, including Botswana, Kenya and Zimbabwe. Nevertheless, the report notes young people between the ages of 15 and 24 account for 40 percent of new HIV infections. It finds the risk behavior, such as injecting drug use, homosexuals, is a factor of concern in many regions of the world, especially in Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America.
The report notes the emergence (出现) of injecting drug use as a factor of HIV in Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria and South Africa is a recent development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
51. According to the news report, how many people are newly infected with HIV a year?
A. 39.5 million. B. 2.9 million. C. 3.5 million. D. 4 million.
52. The highest rate of new HIV infection is in ________.
A. Sub-Saharan Africa B. Eastern Europe
C. Central Asia D. both A and B
53. The underlined word “noted” in the third paragraph mean?
A. specially mentioned B. said angrily
C. fully noticed D. uttered weakly
54. Which of the following statements is Not True?
A. Most of new infections of HIV are among married women.
B. Two fifths of the new infections are among young people aged 15 to 24.
C. The risk behavior, such as injecting drug use and homosexuals, exists in many parts of the world.
D. Injecting drug use occurs in many African countries.
55. What is the main idea of the new report?
A. More and more women in the world are getting new HIV infection.
B. The AIDS epidemic continues to grow in the world.
C. The AIDS epidemic has been reduced in the world.
D. No one can tell when the AIDS epidemic will be completely controlled.

B
At a certain time in our lives we consider every place as the possible site for a house. I have thus searched the country within a dozen miles of where I live. In imagination I have bought all the farms, one after another, and I knew their prices.
The nearest thing that I came to actual ownership was when I bought the Hollowell place. But before the owner completed the sale with me, his wife changed her mind and wished to keep it, and he offered me additional dollars to return the farm to him. However, I let him keep the dollars and sold him the farm for just what I gave for it.
The real attractions of the Hollowell farm to me were its position, being about two miles from the village, half a mile from the nearest neighbor, bounded (相邻) on one side by the river, and separated from the highway by a wide field. The poor condition of the house and fences showed that it hadn’t been used for some time. I remembered from my earliest trip up the river that the house used to be hidden behind a forest area, and I was in a hurry to buy it before the owner finished getting out some rocks, cutting down the apple trees, and clearing away some young trees which had grown up in the fields. I wanted to buy it before he made any more of his improvements. But it turned out as I have said.
I was not really troubled by the loss. I had always had a garden, but I don’t think I was ready for a large farm. I believe that as long as possible it is better to live free and uncommitted (无牵挂的). It makes but little difference whether you own a farm or not.
46. What do we know about the author?
A. He wanted to buy the oldest farm near where he live.
B. He made a study of many farms before buying.
C. He made money by buying and selling farms.
D. He had the money to buy the best farm in the country.
47. Why did the author decide to buy the Hollowell place?
A. It was of good market value. B. It was next to the highway.
C. It was is a good position. D. It was behind a nice garden.
48. Why did the author want to buy the farm in a hurry?
A. He was afraid the owner might change his mind.
B. He hoped to enlarge the forest on the farm.
C. He wanted to keep the farm as it was. D. He was eager to become a farm owner.
49. The underlined words “the loss” in the last paragraph refer to ________.
A. the money the author lost in buying the farm
B. the sale of the garden in the Hollowell place
C. the removal of the trees around the house
D. the failure to possess the Hollowell place
50. What does the author believe as important in life?
A. To own a farm. B. To satisfy his needs.
C. To be free from worries. D. To live in the countryside.

三、阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并把答案写在答题卷上。（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading ability. They feel hopeless about it. Can you learn to read better, or must you agree that nothing can be done about it?
To be sure, people are different. You cannot expect to do everything as well as certain other people
do. If all the students in a class tried out for basketball, some would be very good players; others would be very poor; and many would be in between. But even the very poor players can become much better players if they are guided in the right way, and with plenty of practice. It is the same with reading. Some seem to enjoy reading and to read well without any special help. Others find reading a slow and tiring job. In between, there are all degrees of reading ability.
Many experiments have shown that just about every poor reader can improve his reading ability. In these experiments, the poor readers were given tests of reading ability. After some of the causes of their reading were discovered, they were given special instruction and practice in reading. After a few months, another test of the same kind was given. In nearly all cases, these people had raised their reading scores.
41. With the example of basketball players, the author shows ________.
A. why certain people are poor readers B. that there are differences in people’s abilities
C. why some people are good basketball players
D. that good basketball players can be good readers
42. To improve their reading ability, people should ________.
A. work long and hard B. take different forms of tests
C. have special help and practice D. try different reading materials
43. The experiments mentioned in the text show that ________.
A. good readers seem to enjoy reading
B. almost all poor readers can make progress
C. causes of poor reading were difficult to find out
D. tests help people improve their reading ability
44. What does the underlined sentence “many would be in between” mean?
A. It means that many are the best basket players.
B. It means that many are the worst basket players.
C. It means that many are standing in the middle of the line.
D. It means that there are several levels of players in many students.
45. What’s the purpose of the author’s writing this passage?
A. To encourage people to improve their reading ability.
B. To suggest that readers should do practice only in reading.
C. To tell us that readers can’t improve their reading ability without special help.
D. To tell us that to be a good reader, one should be guided in the right way.

E
The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is not a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additives, caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives, which we eat, are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes, but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.
61. What is the best possible title of the passage?
A. Drug and Food B. Cancer and Health C. Food and Health D. Health and Drug
62. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons
B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals
C. Researchers have known about the potential dangers of additives for over thirty---- five years.
D. Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.
63. How has science done something harmful to mankind?
A. Because of science, diseases caused by polluted food have been virtually eliminated.
B. It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
C. Because of the application of science, some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.
D. The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.
64. What are nitrates used for?
A. They preserve flavor in packaged food. B. They preserve the color of meats
C. They are the objects of research.D. They cause the animals to become fatter.
65. The word “carcinogenic” most nearly means _________________
A. trouble–making B. color– retaining C. money –making D. cancer–causing

D
To find out how the name Canada came about, we must go back to the 16th century. At that time, the French dreamed of discovering and controlling more land across the world. In 1535 Francois I, King of France, ordered a navigator (航海家) named Jacques Cartier to explore the New world and search for a passage to India.
Cartier first arrived at the Gulf of the St. Lawrence, which he wanted to explore. He did not know
what to expect but he hoped that this Gulf was just an arm of the ocean between two islands. If it
was, he would soon be on his way to the Far East. So he sailed upwards along the St. Lawrence
River. However, instead of reaching Asia he arrived at Quebec or Stadacona, as the Indians called
it. It was at this point that the term “Canada” entered the country’s history. Clearly the word
“Canada” came from an Indian word “Kanata”, which means village. Cartier first used it when he
referred to Stadacona or Quebec. What a huge “village” Canada is!
57. What was Cartier ordered to do?
A. To build a new country
B. To find the New World
C. To get in touch with the American Indians
D. To know more about America and find a new way to Asia
58. When Cartier reached the Gulf of St. Lawrence he hoped ________.
A. he had got to the Far East B. it was a water way to the New World
C. it was a water way to the Far East D. he had sailed into the Pacific
59. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Quebec and Stadacona were tow islands.
B. The Indian language for village is Stadacona.
C. Quebec and Stadacona were two villages in Canada.
D. Stadacona was what the Indians called Quebec.
60. Canada was first used to refer to __________.
A. Asia B. the New World C. a village D. Quebec