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Dear Mom, Clear My Calendar
September is around the corner, and some of us are already complaining about summer’s end. But parents have a special reason to do so. The end of summer means the start of school. And these days, planning a young child’s schedule is a big challenge. The challenge is no longer finding activities to fill a child’s day; it is saying no to the hundreds of options available. Our mailbox is filled with brochures urging us to sign our kids up for classes from cooking to martial arts(武术).
Educators are themselves discouraged by the number of special classes that many children attend. In the name of “enrichment,” three-year-olds not only go to preschool in the morning but study French or gymnastics after lunch. One teacher tells of a four-year-old asking for help in the toilet before hurrying off to tennis. Another teacher says that children sometimes hold on to her at pickup time. What happened to unstructured time?
A generous explanation is that we enjoy giving children opportunities we never had. The truth however is that many parents have doubts about how much time they spend away from their families. And one way to reduce this guilt is to believe that time spent in these classes is somehow more beneficial to children than the time we know we should be giving them ourselves.
David Elkind, an expert on children, suggests that the 1960s gave birth to the belief that earlier is better. Parents hope that early music lessons, for example will build a child’s confidence. The truth, however, is that any time children are asked to do too much, too soon, they are at greater risk for feelings of failure.
A child’s time does not have to be planned to be meaningful. Remember the lazy days of summer? Some children sleep late and play with the kids across the street until it’s time to come home for dinner. However, with the majority of mothers working, fewer children enjoy that idle (空闲的) time now.
Come September, children across the country will finish a full day of kindergarten, only to attend an after-school program until 6 P.M., when a working mom or dad comes to take them home. That’s too much for a five-year old. Finances, of course, do limit some parents. But let’s be honest with ourselves – our own busy schedules, whatever they involve, are no excuse for burdening a young child’s.
The author holds that it’s a challenge to plan a schedule for a child mainly because _____.

A.a child’s schedule is too complex
B.activities suitable for kids are limited
C.parents are stuck in numerous choices
D.children always say no to parents’ advice

What the two teachers say in Paragraph 2 implies that _____.

A.children love to stay at school
B.they are popular with children
C.children dislike after-school classes
D.after-school classes are of poor quality

According to the author, what is the real reason for parents to send their children to after-school classes?

A.Parents want to make up for their own regrets.
B.After-school classes develop children’s potential.
C.Parents have doubt about their own ability to guide children.
D.After-school classes give parents an excuse for being absent.

Which of the following will the author probably agree with?

A.For children’s benefits, the earlier the better.
B.Children’s spare time should be carefully designed.
C.Idle time for children is becoming a thing of the past.
D.Parents should be forgiven if they have a good reason.
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 中等
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Most musicians agree that the best violins were first made in Italy.They were made in Cremona, Italy, about 200 years ago.These violins sound better than any others.They even sound better than violins made today.Violin makers and scientists try to make instruments like the old Italian violins.But they aren’t the same.Musicians still prefer the old ones.No one really knows why these old Italian violins are so special, but many people think they have an answer.
Some people think it is the age of the violins.They say that today’s violins will also sound wonderful someday.But there is a problem here.Not all old violins sound wonderful.Only those from Cremona are special.So age cannot be the answer.There must be something different about Cremona or those Italian violin makers.
Other people think the secret to those violins is the wood.The wood of the violin is very important.It must be from certain kinds of trees.It must not be too young or too old.Perhaps the violin makers of Cremons knew something special about wood for violins.
But the kind of wood may not be so important.It may be more important to cut the wood in a special way.Wood for a violin must be cut very carefully.It has to be the right size and shape.The smallest difference will change the sound of the violin.Musicians sometimes think that this was the secret of the Italians.Maybe they understood more than we do about how to cut the wood.
Size and shape may not be the answer either.Scientists measured these old violins very carefully.They can make new ones that are exactly the same size and shape.But the new violins still do not sound as good as the old one.Some scientists think the secret may be the varnish, which covers the wood of the violin and makes it look shiny.It also helps the sound of the instrument.No one knows what the Italian violin makers used in their varnish.So no one can make the same varnish today.
There may never be other violins like the violins of Cremona.Their secret may be lost forever.Young musicians today hope this is not true.They need fine violins.But there aren’t very many of the old violins left.Also, the old violins are very expensive.Recently, a famous old Italian violin was sold for about US $ 300,000!
This passage is about _______.
 

A.making violins       B.musical instruments
 
C.scientific ideas      D.the old Italian violins

The best violins _______.

A.are made with modern techniques   B.were lost many years ago
C.were made in Italy 200 years ago D.were made by scientists.

Some people think that modem violins ______.

A.will sound better in the future   B.will sound worse in the future
C.sound wonderful naturally D.will never be as old as those from Cremona

Violins made today _______.
 

A.look the same as the old ones
 
B.sound the same as the old ones
 
C.are better than the old ones 
D.have the same varnish as the old ones

Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours.This kind of loneliness is not serious.In fact, it is quite normal.For some people, though, loneliness can last for years.Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary(暂时的).This is the most common type.It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention.The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation--- for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place.Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.The third kind of loneliness is the most severe.Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的)loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others.Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease.While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage ?

A.Talk to friends. B.Just ignore it.
C.Go to see a doctor. D.Ask your teachers for guidance.

“ It” in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to ______.

A.temporary loneliness B.situational loneliness
C.a new place D.sleeplessness

Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people ?

A.Chronic loneliness can cause family problems.
B.Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.
C.Chronic loneliness can not be overcome.
D.Such people are harmful to society.

What is the best title for the passage ?

A.Three kinds of loneliness B.Loneliness and Diseases
C.Loneliness and Social Contacts D.Chronic Loneliness

Plastic is one of the most important technological discoveries of the 20th century. However, it may soon be replaced. The new development- liquid wood- can replace plastics in all branches of modern-day industries.
Plastic as a material enjoys the biggest demand in the modern world, but it does have a number of drawbacks. First and foremost, plastic isn’t recyclable. Secondly, it contains toxins (毒物) helping develop cancerous diseases. Finally, it’s made of oil and oil reserves aren’t endless.
The liquid wood technology is likely to replace plastic and providing mankind with new materials for many years ahead. Norbert Eisenfreich, a senior researcher at the Faunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology in Germany (ICT), said that arboform, the new material, is made of lignin(木素质), which can be obtained from soft tissues of wood. Once mixed with several other matenals, it turns into solid and non-toxic alternative for plastics.
ICT team leader Emilia Regina Inone-Kauffmann said the wood-working industry separates wood into three basic components, including lignin. Lignin isn’t used for the production of paper. Specialists of ICT mixed lignin with several natural materials and thus invented the material which could be melted and molded (铸型).
When solid, arboform looks like plastic and possesses tho qualitie of polished wood. It can be used for the production of any items. Arboform is already used for the production of car parts which require extra strength. In addition, liquid wood can be recycled repeatedly. The material preserved all of its qualities even if it’s reprocessed ten times.
However, the new invention doesn’t enjoy an extensive use due to the high content of sulfur(硫) in it. German researchers are sure to reduce the amount of sulfur by 90% very soon to make arboform usable for home needs.
According to the passage, plastic.

A.helps us to reduce the use of petrol
B.helps to protect our environment in some way
C.does harm to our society in some way
D.has been replaced by the newly discovered material

What’s the advantage of arboform over plastic?

A.It is easier made from natural oil.
B.It is more widely used in household
C.It is recyclable and friendly to environment.
D.It contains no poisonous materials.

The underlined word “altemative” in Paragraph 3 means.

A.lignin or arboform B.soft tissues of wood
C.plastics or wood D.mixture of several materials

It can be concluded that German researchers will focus their future work firstly on.

A.the material’s extensive use B.the content of sulfur in arboform
C.the production cost of arboform D.the qualities of liquid wood

The main purpose of the text is to.

A.introduce liquid wood which will replace plastic
B.show readers how to produce arboform
C.advertise the new material-arboform
D.advertise new products made of arboform

The day before the deadline for this article,I had no clue what I was going to write about. I took my problem to the editor-in-chief, and.he said to me:“Don’t worry; you’re creative. ”
I’m not sure where the editor-in-chief reached the conclusion that I was “creative”. Maybe it was through the poems I wrote. Personally, I simply enjoy writing because it’s fun. There’s also the fact that I can’t draw or do anything else creatively, I’m equally sure that there are people in the boat on the other side who can make things look excellent, but can’t write a poem.
At this point you probably want to ask me what poetry and art have to do with engineering. For one, it makes you a more rounded person, making you a better engineer. More importantly, as an engineer, you will be faced with many problems every day. There are some that can be solved by consulting a textbook, but more often than not, you will need that thing in your brain to put together things in a completely original combination to solve the problem at hand.
Think of the wonderful things that creative engineers have done. Civil engineers have made the road more long-lasting so we don’t have to close them for repairs as often. Coming up with a new innovation (创新) is similar to writing a good poem. It’s not some-thing you plan to do. The critical moment comes unexpectedly in the middle of nowhere. You don’t think about what you’re doing, you simply do. After some mad struggling you take a look at the end product and say to yourself, “This is a masterpiece. ” This is perhaps the greatest personal satisfaction one can
experience.
So all you engineers out there get out and do something creative. I don’t care if it’s writing a poem or a computer program, just be natural and do something creative.
This passage mainly deals with.

A.the creativity of engineers B.the power of editor-in-chief
C.engineering in general D.a way of thinking

In the author’s opinion, writing poems can.

A.show one is creative B.make him happy
C.bring him in lots of money D.have an effect on one’s mental health

According to the author, art can help an engineer to.

A.find the solutions to problems B.learn to write poetry
C.be courageous in face of challenges D.get along well with others

Coming up with a new innovation is similar to writing a good poem in that both are.

A.logically developed B.strictly planned
C.experience- based D.naturally creative

The greatest personal satisfaction of an engineer comes from.

A.planning his work successfully B.building things quickly
C.finishing his work innovatively D.writing good poems naturally

For many of us, cartoon strips are simply one of our pastimes. The popular Japanese manga(漫画) provides us with an escape from reality into a world of fantasy, adventure and romance.With much less text and pictures running for pages, it fits perfectly into today’s fast, throwing away city lifestyle.
But Tsai Chih-chung,a famous Taiwanese illustrator (漫画家), doesn’t agree.He believes cartoons can be a bridge connecting traditional Chinese culture and wisdom with the modern world in a much wittier and more acceptable way.
He has interpreted Lao Zi, Confucius, Mencius,Zhuang Zi and Sun Zi and made their works accessible to a global audience. He has also produced two books about Zen (禅宗), introducing oriental philosophy. His cartoons are humorous yet full of wisdom and are admired as an easy way to learn Chinese classics.
After avoiding the public for ten years, Tsai made a comeback in late April with seven new works. But does his age, 61, work as a gap between him and his young readers? Tsai doesn’t think so. The topics he has covered range from philosophy in a time of individuality to the learning and memorizing techniques used at school. “Every child is a genius and has the potential beyond his own imagination, ” he said.
If popular Japanese manga is purely for entertainment, Tsai’s work, to a large extent, is to light the power of thinking in a light-hearted way. Tsai uses differenr forms of water to refer to people. In his eyes some people are like an ocean, some are like vapor, while others may be ice or
rain. But in essence(本质上)they share a similarity-human being’s forever chasing for the true and the good. “The person who thinks over life issues is not necessarily a scholar or a philosopher,” he said. “I’ve dedicated my whole life to thinking and individual freedom, not making a living.”
What is the main idea of the first paragraph in the passage?

A.Japanese manga is a simple way of killing time.
B.What Japanese manga is mainly about.
C.Japanese manga presents a world of fantasy, adventure and romance.
D.Why Japanese manga is so popular.

The underlined word “it” in paragraph l refers to .

A.much less text B.Japanese manga
C.pictures running for pages D.an escape from reality

In Tsai Chih-chung’s opinion, cartoon .

A.connects traditional Chinese culture and wisdom
B.helps connect Chinese classics with modern world
C.uses a wiser and acceptable way to draw cartoons
D.builds up a bridge between cartoons and illustration

Compared to Japanese manga, Tsai’s works are.

A.mainly designed for a pure time killer for all
B.more popular with young readers in China now
C.to inspire people to think in a cheerful way
D.much more interesting and instructive

According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE about Tsai Chih-chung?

A.He values more thinking and personal freedom than making a living.
B.He says that one who thinks over life is either a scholar or a philosopher.
C.He thinks some people are like ocean, some like vapor, while others like ice cream.
D.Tsai devoted his life to creating cartoons in order to make money.

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