On warm summer days with little or no wind, the air temperature in cities can be up to ten degrees higher than that of the surrounding countryside. This is a phenomenon commonly referred to as the “urban heat island” effect.
This phenomenon happens when pavement, buildings, and other infrastructure (基础设施) replace natural land cover. Large amounts of paved and dark colored surfaces—such as roofs, roads, and parking lots—absorb, rather than reflect, the sun’s heat, causing surface temperatures and overall ambient (周围的) air temperature to rise.Unlike soil, paved areas contribute to runoff, which means that as paved areas increase, the amount of water available for evaporation (蒸发) decreases. Moreover, urban areas have fewer trees and less natural vegetation which help to control the heat by providing shade and blocking solar radiation. The surfaces of leaves also provide water for evaporation which cools the air, further worsening the heat island effect.
In particular, during summer, more energy is required to cool the insides of building and for refrigeration, thereby creating additional heat output. This in turn leads to higher ambient air temperatures, which can also significantly increase the formation of urban smog in an area, degrading local air quality. Such a situation may directly affect public health with individuals more likely to suffer from heat exhaustion and the effects of asthma (哮喘).The underlined part in Paragraph 2 means ________.
| A.Due to dark colored roads, urban areas are becoming hotter each year |
| B.Dark colored surfaces reflect the sun’s heat, causing air temperatures to rise |
| C.Because urban surfaces absorb heat, air and surface temperatures increase |
| D.Rising ambient air temperatures lead to urban surfaces absorbing more heat |
Which of the following is not a cause of the urban heat island effect?
| A.The lack of trees |
| B.The demand for refrigeration |
| C.The blocking of solar radiation |
| D.The construction of infrastructure. |
The underlined word “degrading” most probably means ________.
| A.ignoring | B.improving |
| C.highlighting | D.worsening |
The passage is mainly developed by ________.
| A.giving typical examples |
| B.following the time order |
| C.presenting the effect and analyzing the cause |
| D.analyzing a problem and seeking the solution |
Last week’s topic: What’s your opinion about cheating in exams?
Wilson 822 (Fujian): An oath isn’t enough to keep anyone from cheating. Who can tell that they won’t promise something that goes against their will? So I think the punishment is important. Punishments should be serious enough to stop people breaking the oath!
Wang Changling (Anhui): The oath itself makes all test-takers think that others may consider them would-be cheaters, which can hurt their feelings. In my opinion, prevention is better than a punishment. Educators should set good examples for students to follow and be role models for them. Even if only a few educators continue to copy other people’s work and their research papers, surely, students will follow.
Anonymous(匿名的): I support the school’s action against cheating. Although the oath
isn’t a duty, it can warn the would-be cheater.
Cathy Cheng: I find it is hard to refuse a friend who wants help in exams. And I think the rule of Maryland University gives the students like me a good excuse to refuse.
Zzq8301: I think it is a promising step toward what we’re talking about when we say “fair play” these days. Cheaters should be stopped because they make it difficult for the honest to succeed.
Freda (Tianjin): I was told by my foreign teacher to write down the oath on the back of my test paper in the same way that was described in the article. It is a rule everyone should obey in a fair game. Whether this method succeeds or fails is up to you. What I want to say is to be true to yourself.
60. The underlined word “oath” in Paragraph 2 may have the same mea
ning as “_________”.
A. idea B. promise C. plan D. opinion
61. It is clear that people mentioned in the text are talking about the rule made by _________.
A. Maryland University B. some colleges
C. the Education Department D. the government
62. How many people are in fact in favor of the rule?
A. 3 B. 2 C. 4 D. 5
63.
Who think teachers should set a good example?
A. Wilson 822 B. Freda C. Cathy Cheng D. Wang Changling
第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Quick Reference Index (索引)
| ACTORS & ACTRESSES |
385-399 |
MAPS (COLOR) |
517-528 |
| MUSEUMS |
454-469 |
MEDICAL DEVELOPMENTS |
492 |
| ANIMALS |
493-496 |
HOLIDAYS |
841-873 |
| ART |
480-481 |
PLANTS RIVERS |
108-109 112-114 |
| HIGHWAYS |
131-141 |
NATIONAL PARKS |
747-749 |
| BOOKS, BEST SELLERS |
478 |
COUNTRIES |
529-615 |
| DISCOVERIES & INVENTIONS |
336-338 |
POPULATION |
142-144 |
| ENVIRONMENT |
80-101 |
PASSPORTS |
616-619 |
| EDUCATION |
284-321 |
POSTAL INFORMATION |
1033-1039 |
FLAGS OF THE WOR LD (COLOR) |
513-516 |
SPORTS |
884-978 |
56. Where can you find information on elephants?
A. On Pages 517-528 B. On Pages 529-615
C. On Pages 616-619 D. On Pages 493-496
57. If you want to know more about Chinese film star Jackie Chen, where should you begin
your search?
A. POSTAL INFORMATION on pages 1033-1039
B. ACTORS & ACTRESSES on pages 385-399
C. ENVIRONMENT on pages 80-101
D. NATIONAL PARKS on pages 747-749
58. One who likes surfing can find the information about how to surf on pages ________.
A. 142-144 B. 841-873 C. 884-978 D. 517-528
59. If you are interested in Thomas Edison, you may search __________.
A. DISCOVERIES & INVENTIONS B. ART
C. POPULATION D. EDUCATION
Tailors English Language Preparation 2010
taylorscollege. edu. au/ telp
If you need additional help to gain the high level of English language necessary for academic study, Taylors English Language Preparation (TELP) is the perfect solution. Throughout your TELP studies you will be an active language learner. You will be surrounded by opportunities to communicate in English, with friends, teachers,
families and local people. You will gain English language skills which you will keep for life.
English: the language of Taylors College
Strong English language skills are necessary for success in your chosen Taylors program. The TELP program, delivered in 12 week terms, is specifically designed to provide language training for academic study. Our teachers are fully trained English Language Teaching professionals, who will assist you in a caring and supportive classroom atmosphere.
TELP focuses on:
·Language studies ·Formal writing styles
·Note taking ·Assignment writing
·Intensive listening ·Reading
Progressing to our High School or Foundation Programs
Upon completion of TELP, you do not take an IELTS test before you begin our High School or Foundation programs.
NEAS Accreditation
Taylors College has been assessed as operating at a high standard, in keeping with NEAS standards for English Language Intensive Course for Overseas Students (ELICOSA). A recent report commented favourably on the quality and commitment of staff and the impressive student management systems and procedures in place.
TELP term dates
Students are encouraged to enroll(注册)at the start of a term; however, TELP courses allow for entry every four weeks.
2010 dates
·18 January –9 April ·12 April –2 July
·5 July-24 September ·27 September-17 December
2010 Summer School
·20 December-14 January 2011
71.The TELP program_________.
A.is popular and thought highly of by students
B.is aimed at those who have passed an IELTS test
C.makes sure students have a communicative atmosphere
D.makes sure students learn the English language for four months
72.The underlined word “accreditation” in the fourth paragraph refers to official_________.
A.application B.ass
istance C.admission D.approval
73.It can be inferred from the text that_________.
A.TELP courses permits students to have lessons at any time
B.start date of the first term in 2011 is probably January 17th
C.students who study from 20th December to 14th January have cold weather
D.High Sch
ool and Foundation programs at Taylors college have no entry requirements
74.What information will probably be provided following TELP term dates?
A.TELP fees B.TELP descriptions C.TELP courses D.TELP term dates in 2011
For a song to become popular, people need to hear it. In order for people to hear it, the program directors at radio stations have to play it on the air. A song’s popularity is directly related to how often it is played. That is a big responsibility for program directors. How do they decide what gets played and what doesn’t?
In the past, disc jockeys(音乐节目支持人) decided what music was played on the radio. These DJs had an ear for music and an understanding of what their audience wanted to hear. Today, that is all changing. Most major radio stations are owned by a few large national businesses. The decision of what gets played on the radio is made by executives(主管) who have little or no interest in music. They do, however, know how to run a business, and they know what sells. So, the music industry designs and creates pop entertainers, and executives in the radio industry make sure that their music is played on the radio. This explains why you do not often hear anything new and fresh on the radio. The executives do not want to give air time to music that has not been tested on the market. It is too risky. They prefer to go with music that they already know will sell. They know it will sell because it sold last week and last month and last year. They just have to change it a little.
One of the most criticized(批评)practices in the music industry is the practice of “payola”. This is when record companies pay radio stations to play the music of a given artist. This practice makes many people lose trust in the music industry and is therefore against the law. A radio station can accept money in exchange for air time of a song, but they have to make clear that the song is being played because its air time was paid for. They cannot present the song as if it were part of the normal play schedule.
Payola affects both artists and audiences. The artists who work with small record companies that cannot pay a lot of money to radio stations have a much harder time getting exposure. It creates an unfair playing field. Music lovers suffer because they are not able to hear all the music that is available.
67. According to the passage, most major radio stations belong to _______.
A. national businesses B. program directors C. pop entertainers D. record companies
68. “Payola” is the practice of ________.
A. artists paying radio stations to play their songs
B. record companies buying air time for certain music
C. radio station paying record company for new songs
D. program directors deciding what music gets played
69. Who can make the largest profits from payola?
A. Disc Jockeys. B. The given artists. C. Business executives. D. Program directors.
70. It can be concluded from the passage that the author _______.
A. has a positive attitude towards the practice of “payola”
B. is dissatisfied with the present situation in music industry
C. is calling for a change in the normal play schedule
D. thinks that the radio stations are doing the right thing
On the outside Betsy Lueth’s school looks like any other in Minneapolis. Yet inside, it is
Yinghua Academy, a public school where elementary(小学)students study subjects ranging from
math to American history in Chinese.
Yinghua, the first such immersion(沉浸式)program in the Midwest is on the leading edge (前沿) of a movement that in recent years has seen Chinese language programs spread rapidly throughout the U.S.
The idea behind Yinghua is to introduce kids to the language and culture as early as possible —ideally, before age 12. Kindergarteners and first graders are taught in Chinese and a single period of English is introduced in second grade. By sixth grade, kids are learning half in English and half in Chinese, with the expectation of fluency in both. In Yinghua’s classrooms, the walls are covered not with ABCs but with pictures and Chinese characters.
There are many challenges at Yinghua. Most teachers come from Taiwan or mainland China, and cultural misunderstandings are very common. Lueth’s teachers are learning to be tolerant of local customs — as well as a lot more parental input (家长看法) than they are used to. “In China, teachers are respected. They are not questioned,” says Luyi Lien, Yinghua’s Taiwan-born director. “In America, parents are more expressive of their opinions.”
Research has shown that in the long run, immersion programs can provide benefits, including more flexible, creative thinking. Though students from the programs fall behind for a few years in English, by fifth grade they perform as well as or better than their monolingual(单语言)peers on standardized reading and math tests. For multicultural families, the psychological (心理上的) help can also be important. Lueth, a former teacher, co-founded the school as a way to expose her adopted Chinese daughter Lucy to her native culture. Lucy used to be annoyed when cousins asked why her skin color was different from theirs; before she started at Yinghua, she resisted exploring anything related to China. Now, Lueth says, Lucy proudly answers her cousins, “Yeah, I was born in China.”
63.Yinghua is different from other schools in Minneapolis in the way that_________.
A.it offers subjects to students mostly in Chinese
B.its language program is popular in the U.S.A
C.kids there begin to learn Chinese at the age of 12
D.its students learn subjects half in English and half in Chinese
64.One of the challenges at Yinghua is that_________.
A.most parents do not respect its teachers
B.teachers need to get used to the local culture
C.its stud
ents are mostly from nontraditional families
D.there is misunderstanding between teachers and students
65.We can learn from the last paragraph that immersion program _________.
A.enables students pass tests more easily
B.benefits students in learning psychology
C.helps some students accept the local customs
D.contributes to the better development of students
66.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Teachers in Yinghua have difficulty in understanding the local culture.
B.Parents are discouraged to speak out their opinions of the school in Yinghua.
C.The students in Yinghua are expected to speak English and Chinese fluently.
D.Yinghua is the first school in the USA to introduce Chinese culture to students.