Babies as young as 5months can distinguish a happy tune, such as Ode to Joy, from Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony,from sad tunes.
Researchers showed an emotionally-neutral(中立的)face to the babies while sad music played.When the babies looked away from the face, the music stopped Ode to Joy played, the babies stared at the face three to four seconds longer, suggesting they were interested in the change.
By nine months old, babies can do the opposite.
The finding is another example of how babies make sense of the world long before they can talk, said Brigham Young University psychology professor Ross Flom.
“One of the first things babies understand communicatively is emotion,so for them the melody(旋律)is the message,”Flom said. “Our study showed that by nine months, babies are classifying songs as happy or sad the same way that adults do”
So what makes a happy song?
BYU music professor Susan Kenney, who was not involved in the study, noted some of the technical difference between the happy and sad songs the babies heard.
“The happy songs were all in major keys with fairly short phrases or motives that repeated,”Kenney said, “The tempo(节拍)and melodic rhythms were faster than any of the sad ones,and the molodies had a general upward direction.The sad songs were in minor keys and all had a slower beat and long melodic rhythms.For a baby to notice those differences is interesting and attractive.”The phrase “the opposite”in Paragraph 3 refers to “___”.
| A．telling the difference between Ode to Joy and other songs |
| B．picking out a sad tune from happy ones |
| C．looking away from the face three to four sections longer |
| D．showing they’re not interested in the change of tunes |
This musical study shows that___.
| A．all babies are gifted in music |
| B．music represents what babies want to tell us |
| C．babies understand music emotionally even before they can talk |
| D．the behavior of babies should be further studied |
How do babies distinguish different tunes according to Kenny?
| A．By the tempo and rhythms |
| B．By their emotion |
| C．By their common sense |
| D．By their interest |
Which section of a newspaper does this passage probably belong to?
| A．Science |
| B．Culture |
| C．Education |
| D．Entertainment |
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault （断层）, which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, releasing some strong smell chemicals.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools (激流和漩涡). Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Marid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D.C.
Scientists now know that America's two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the two masses make a sudden move.
The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; at some points, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions cause earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern Illinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say they have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.This passage is mainly about ___________.
| A．current scientific knowledge about faults |
| B．the San Andreas and the New Madrid faults |
| C．the causes of faults |
| D．the New Madrid fault in Missouri |
The New Madrid fault is __________.
| A．a vertical fault |
| B．a horizontal fault |
| C．a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault |
| D．responsible for forming the Mississippi River |
This passage implies that _________. .
| A．horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults |
| B．Vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults |
| C．The volcanoes that caused the New Madrid fault are still alive |
| D．A lot of people would die if the 1811 New Madrid earthquakes happened today |
Part I: _________________________
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Basic Studies：Sat．8:00-10:00 a.m.
Intermediate（中级）Spoken English: Sun．8:00-10:00 a.m.
Standard Spoken English: Sat．8:00-10:00 a.m.
Basic Business English: Sun．8:00-10:00 a.m.
Intermediate Business English: Sun．7:00-9:00 p.m.
TOEFL Super Studies… Sun．7:30-9:30 p.m.
Children's Weekend: Sat．&．Sun．8:00 a.m. -5:00 p.m.
For more information, please contact:
Room 807 American Plaza Tianhexi Rd, 510150 Guangzhou
Tel: 86668888-8807
Part II : ENGLISH SALON
A place for you to practise your English, to exchange your English learning experiences, to know more about the culture of English-speaking countries, to make more friends who can speak very good English．
You will have free talks, famous English films and songs appreciation, English lectures and games; all are for you to improve yourself in English in the special, full-of-fun Salon．
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We are a group with membership system, so if you want to join our group, please make an application to the Tianhe Office of Top English City, filling in the applying forms．You will be given a salon ID card, and becomes our member．
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Mr. Jiu Chan at: 47129198 English Salon, your best friend! Join Right Now!Which of the following can be the best title for Part I?
| A．Top English, your smart choice! |
| B．If you want to learn English, we can teach you! |
| C．Top English, the best English! |
| D．We have what you want! |
Which of the following courses can be learned by the same person________?
| A．Basic Studies and Standard Spoken English． |
| B．Intermediate Spoken English and Basic Business English． |
| C．Standard Spoken English and TOEFL Super Studies． |
| D．Intermediate Business English and TOEFL Super Studies． |
If you work in a foreign firm, you probably take the course______.
| A．Standard Spoken English |
| B．Intermediate Business English |
| C．TOEFL Super Studies |
| D．Children's Weekend |
If you want to join the English Salon, you should at least________．
| A．be a university graduate |
| B．be a student learning English in the Top English City |
| C．make more friends and know more about the culture of the English |
| D．be an English lover or can speak English well |
Something roared like thunder. The earth shook a little and we heard the rat-a-tat-tat of gunfire. "Father!" Hassan cried. We sprung to our feet and raced out of the living room.
"Father! What's that sound? Hassan screamed, his hands outstretched toward Ali. Ali wrapped his arms around us. A white light flashed and lit the sky in silver. It flashed again and was followed by rapid sharp sounds of gunfire. "They're hunting ducks." Ali said in a hoarse voice. "They hunt ducks at night, you know." Don't be afraid.
A siren(汽笛) went off in the distance. Somewhere glass broke and someone shouted. I heard people on the street, jolted from sleep and probably still in their pajamas, with ruffled hair and puffy eyes. Hassan was crying. Ali pulled him close, clutched him with tenderness.
We stayed huddled that way until the early hours of the morning. The shootings and explosions had lasted less than an hour, but they had frightened us badly, because none of us had ever heard gunshots in the streets. They were foreign sounds to us then. The generation of Afghan children whose ears would know nothing but the sounds of bombs and gunfire was not yet born. Huddled together in the dining room and waiting for the sun to rise, none of us had any notion that a way of life had ended. The end came when Russian tanks were rolling into the very same streets where Hassan and I played, bringing the death of the Afghanistan I knew and marking the start of a still ongoing era of bloodletting.
Just before sunrise, Baba's car peeled into the driveway. His door slammed shut and his running footsteps pounded the stairs. Then he appeared in the doorway and I saw something on his face. Something I didn't recognize right away because I'd never seen it before: fear. "Amir! Hassan!" He cried as he ran to us, opening his arms wide. "They blocked all the roads and the telephone didn't work. I was so worried!"
We let him wrap us in his arms and, for a brief moment, I was glad about whatever had happened that night.Who is the author of the passage?
| A．Hassan | B．Ali | C．Baba | D．Amir |
By saying “they are hunting ducks”, Ali ___________.
| A．told the children the truth |
| B．tried to calm the children |
| C．played a joke on the children |
| D．cheered the children up |
We can infer from the passage that__________.
| A．there were thunderstorms that night |
| B．Afghan children were used to the war |
| C．that night was the end of people’s peaceful life |
| D．people on the street shouted and broke the windows |
From the last sentence of the passage, we know_________.
| A．the author was glad to see his father come home safe |
| B．there was a chance that a world in peace was to come |
| C．what happened that night seemed nothing to the author |
| D．Baba’s arms gave the author temporary comfort and joy |
Health experts are calling for action to increase cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer actively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer kills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺结核) and malaria (疟疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the writers of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries |
| B．What should we do in preventing and treating cancer? |
| C．What makes the first killer in developing countries? |
| D．Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer. |
Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that .
| A．many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer |
| B．there is not enough medicine for cancer there |
| C．many Mexican women can’t afford medical care |
| D．patients with breast cancer are treated differently |
From what Felicia Knaul says, we can draw the conclusion that .
| A．breast cancer is a great threat to young women |
| B．people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer |
| C．breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico |
| D．patients can be treated effectively in developing countries |
Who plays an important part in preventing the cancer in developing countries?
| A．The cancer patients. | B．The health experts. |
| C．Community health workers. | D．Young women. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．The number of cancer cases is decreasing. |
| B．HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa. |
| C．Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year. |
| D．It is very expensive to treat cancer. |
The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know someone we didn't already know. I stood up to look around, when a gentle hand touched my shoulder.
I turned around to find a wrinkled, little old lady with a warm smile. She said, "Hi handsome. My name is Rose. I'm eighty-seven years old.”
"Why are you in college at such a young age?" I asked. She replied, "I'm here to meet a rich husband, get married, have a couple of kids and then retire(退休) and travel..."
I knew she was joking. I was curious what might have motivated her to be taking on this challenge at her age.
"I always dreamed of having a college education and now I'm getting one!" she told me.
We became friends. Every day we would talk nonstop after class. I was always interested in listening to this "time machine" as she shared her wisdom and experience with me. And Rose easily made friends wherever she went.
At the end of the term we invited Rose to make a little speech. She cleared her throat and began, "We do not stop playing because we are old; we grow old because we stop playing. I’ve learned a few secrets to staying young, being happy, and achieving success. You have to laugh and find humor every day. You've got to have a dream. When you lose your dreams, you die.”
“There is a huge difference between growing older and growing up. Anybody can grow older. That doesn't take any talent or ability. The idea is to grow up by always finding the opportunity in change.
“Have no regrets. The elderly usually don't have regrets for what we did, but rather for things we did not do……"When the writer and Rose first met, they began their talk in a_______ way.
| A．serious | B．polite | C．formal | D．humorous |
Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “motivated” in the fourth paragraph?
| A．encouraged | B．persuaded | C．taught | D．forced |
Rose went to college in order to _______.
| A．meet a rich husband | B．make new friends |
| C．get a college education | D．get a better job |
The writer considered Roses as a “time machine” because__________.
| A．she always came to class on time. |
| B．she make friends easily at college. |
| C．she knew the difference between growing older and growing up |
| D．she enjoyed a long life and had lots of wisdom and experience. |
From this passage we know Rose believed_________.
| A．“The early bird catches the worm” |
| B．“It is never too late to learn” |
| C．“A bird in the hand is worth two in the bushes” |
| D．“One false step will make a great difference.” |