Gregory Anderson, a specialist on endangered languages, once said, "Language is in many ways a window to the mind. What these languages contain are all kinds of ways that we organize the world. Languages reflect a different historical contact with other groups. And, for people who have no written history, language can be one of the ways to get the history just by looking carefully at the different parts in the language."
However, over half of the world's seven thousand languages are in danger of disappearing, and every two weeks one language disappears. One of the most endangered languages is called Siletz Dee-ni, a language from the northwestern part of the United States.
It was spoken on the Siletz reservation (居留地), where the tribe lives on a protected area within the state of Oregon. The reservation was created in the 19th century to hold people from 27 different native groups. The groups spoke different languages, so they developed Chinook Jargon. With its increased use as well as the use of English, the number of people speaking their native languages became smaller. Today, only one person on the reservation speaks Siletz Dee-ni.
Bringing back endangered languages is not easy, but it is very important. One example of this is taking place in the American state of Hawaii. Hawaii became a part of the United States in 1898. English became the official language of Hawaii. Slowly, fewer and fewer young natives learned to speak Hawaiian fluently. The language began to disappear.
In 1986, fewer than fifty children in Hawaii could speak their native language. That same year, the language ban (禁令) was removed because of strong disagreements from native groups. The Hawaiian language began to be taught again in schools. Today, about 2,000 children speak Hawaiian. Also, families now speak Hawaiian with their children at home. Anyway, it is up to the children to keep the language alive.The author wrote the first paragraph to ________.
A.tell us that many languages are disappearing |
B.tell us the importance of language |
C.encourage us to be interested in studying language |
D.tell us the characteristics of language |
The underlined part "Chinook Jargon" in the third paragraph must be ________.
A.a hand sign | B.a language |
C.a language school | D.a language textbook |
After Hawaii became an American state, ________.
A.its culture was completely mixed with the American culture |
B.all Hawaiian people got interested in learning English |
C.Hawaiian was forbidden to be taught in the local schools |
D.Hawaiian people created another language of their own |
From the last paragraph we can infer that _________.
A.Hawaiian will become the official language in Hawaii soon |
B.protecting the Hawaiian language is the biggest concern of the local people |
C.parents play the most important role in protecting the Hawaiian language |
D.more Hawaiian people have realized the value of their own language |
When milk arrived on the doorstep
When I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.
Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note----“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”----and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.
All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.
There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.
Recently, I saw an old milk box in the countryside. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer____.
A.to show his magical power |
B.to pay for the delivery |
C.to satisfy his curiosity |
D.to please his mother |
What does “this” in the third paragraph refer to?
A.The milkman’s magic power |
B.The milkman’s kindness to me |
C.The note to change an order |
D.The home delivery service |
What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boy’s house?
A.He wanted to have tea there. |
B.He was a respectable person. |
C.He was treated as a family member. |
D.He was fully trusted by the family. |
Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?
A.Nobody wants to be a milkman now. |
B.It has been driven out of the market. |
C.Its service is getting poor. |
D.It is forbidden by law. |
Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?
A.He missed the good old days. |
B.He wanted to tell interesting stories. |
C.He missed it for his milk bottles. |
D.He planted flowers in it. |
Section One
The city is an accumulation of human civilization. Just as the American social philosopher (哲学家) Lewis Mumford put it, it is a special system which, fine and compact, has been designed to preserve the fruits of human civilization. Many Western languages have developed their versions of the term “civilization” from the same Latin (拉丁语的) word “civitas”(meaning “city”), and it is by no means a coincidence. The city has played a significant role in the perfection of order in human society.
Section Two
The emblem, showing the image of three people ― you, me, him/her holding hands together, symbolizes the big family of mankind. Inspired by the shape of the Chinese character “世” (meaning the world), the design conveys the organizers' wish to host an Expo which is of global scale and which displays the various urban cultures of the world.
Section Three
Created from the inspiration of Chinese character “人”, the design roots deeply in Chinese culture. It tells the world the eternal core (永恒的核心) and theme of Shanghai World Expo will be always human. The mascot “Haibao” will become the messenger for the theme of World Expo 2010 Shanghai China “Better City, Better Life”.
The basic structure of the Chinese character “人” in which each stroke(一笔,一划) supports each other also shows the concept that the beautiful life should depends on mutual-help. If the human are willing to support one another, the harmony among human, nature, and society will be available. Such an urban life will be nice.
Haibao’s confident smile is expressing his sincere greeting from China ― “World Expo 2010 Shanghai China welcomes you!” Section One mainly tells us about ______.
A.the part cities play in human civilization |
B.the development of the word “city” |
C.why the Expo is held in Shanghai |
D.where human civilization originated |
The underlined word “it” in Section One refers to ______.
A.the civilization | B.the philosopher | C.the word | D.the city |
Which correctly matches the sections wi
th the pictures described in the passage?
Pictures |
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A. |
Section One |
Section Two |
Section Three |
B. |
Section Two |
Section Three |
Section One |
C. |
Section Three |
Section Two |
Section One |
D. |
Section Three |
Section One |
Section Two |
The second paragraph in Section Three explains how the creation is connected with the _____ of the Chinese word “人”.
A.story | B.meaning | C.shape | D.usage |
Lillian Hanson, a college student, expects to graduate in about two years. What makes Mrs Hanson different from her classmates is her age-----73 years. She has been studying at college, a few courses at a time, for 27 years.
When Lillian Hanson graduated from high school, she went to the bank to borrow money for further education. The banker gave her no encouragement. He didn't think that a country girl should borrow money to go to college. He thought she should be at home doing work in the house or around the farm. So Lillian Hanson went home and raised a family of nine children instead of going to college. Mrs Hanson never forgot her dream of getting a higher education. When her children were grown, she tried again.
She finds that it is the hardest part of going back to school at her age to sit in class for long periods of time. Because she is not as quick as she used to be, Mrs Hanson often gets up and walks around classes to keep from getting stiff(不灵活). At the beginning of a course in using the computer, the other students all stood up to give her a warm welcome when she introduced herself and explained why she was there and what her aims were.
Mrs Hanson couldn’t go to college immediately after she graduated from high school because _____.
A.she hadn't got enough money |
B.she was a country girl |
C.the banker ordered her not to borrow any money |
D.the banker thought she should raise a family of nine children |
The computer students welcomed Mrs Hanson warmly because ______.
A.she had got an excellent result in the exam |
B.she was good at telling funny stories |
C.they wanted to get her help in their studies |
D.they were deeply moved by her spirit |
Mrs Hanson is the sort of person who ________.
A.cares for study very much | B.likes to borrow money from the bank |
C.never misses a chance to talk | D.tries to save any money for her family |
In which order did Mrs Hanson do the following things?
a. she began her studies at college. b. She finished high school.
c. She got married and gave birth of nine children.
d. She had her 73 rd birthday. e. She went to the bank to borrow money.
A.a c b e d | B.b e c a d | C.b c e d a | D.e d a c b |
The Writers' Strike:Making the Best of the Worst
By now you are probably feeling the effects of the TV writers’ strike---the decision of television writers to stop working. With few new TV shows, I present to you a list of shows available on DVD worth your viewing time to keep you going during this painful period.
Arrested Development is one of the funniest and most clever shows ever to have appeared on network TV. With a most perfect cast(全体演员), the show sets out to cover the daily happenings of the Bluth family, a group of selfish staff who manage to still put family first.
For more comedy goodness, I recommend one of the sharpest comedies to have ever broadcast, 30 Rock. Starring Tina Fey and Alec Baldwin, two stars with impressive comic timing, the show gives you a glimpse into the making of a sketch show (幽默短剧),similar to Saturday Nigth Live, from the funny writers to the self-centered cast all the way up to the boss.
If you are looking for something more serious, or perhaps Friday Night lights might be more to your liking. If you are a fan of football, this show is probably for you. If you are a fan of great drama, both soapy and serious, this show is probably for you, If you are a fan of good-looking people, this show is definitely for you .
If those shows were not enough for you, might I recommend a show with a more heart-pounding excitement? The Amazing Race, after twelve seasons, still remains one of the most exciting shows on TV. Teams of two travel the globe with little to no money and experience far-out adventures in an attempt to remain the last team standing. If you are fond of soapy TV shows, you will probably choose to watch.
A.Friday Night Lights | B.30 Rock |
C.the Amazing Race | D.Saturday Night Live |
The author writes the passage to tell us that.
A.the effects of the TV writers’ strike are great |
B.the strike puts TV shows in the worst situation |
C.watching DVD is a good choice during the strike |
D.we should choose DVD shows according to our tastes |
The passage is most probably taken from.
A.a book review | B.a newspaper | C.a film poster | D.a DVD menu |
Dior was born in Normandy in 1905, and his family’s original plans for him included a career in the diplomatic service, but by the time he was twenty-three, with his parents’money, he opened a small art gallery in Paris. By 1931, the money had been used up. Dior’s friends in the art gallery, asked him to draw and he took his first step at designing and drawing. His first job was with Lucien Lelong from whom Dior learned his craft(手艺).
In February,1947, Dior started the New Look in his first major Paris collection. He was backed by a famous textile producer, Boussac, who looked after the dollars, while Dior looked after the fashions. Dior knew nothing about cutting and sewing, but he was good at fashion design.
The New Look started an entirely different look to costume, with a tiny waist, a rounded shoulder and a shapely bust(胸围), usually with a low-cut neckline and a long full skirt. To women who had lived through the war years, the femaleness of the New look was a great success, for people were tired of tile extremely plain, wartime restrictive fashions.
It is said that dresses by Dior were “constructed like buildings”, but young people were attracted to his design, and all over the western world, manufacturers plunged(投入) into the production of his new style. Dior’s revolutionary designs lighted up a whole cycle of fashion, rounded, gentle, feminine, a delight in elegance. A New Look House of Dior opened in 1948, followed by one in London. Considered as King of Couture(women’s clothing)for years, the Dior empire grew until it covered every country in the western world, and included furs, hosiery, jewelry, perfumes, men’s wear and on and on. More than 1,000 people worked at the Paris headquarters then.
His sudden death in 1957 when he was 53 years old did not stop the growth of the House of Dior. Even now, so many years after his death, his name is closely connected with fashion throughout the world, and indeed is one of the most recognized names in the world, His first, great New Look, with its long skirts was an expression of freedom in the late 1940s. Which of the following designs is close to Dior’s?
A. |
B. |
C. |
D. |
According to the passage. in Dior’s life, he did NOT___________.
A.make creative fashion designs |
B.work in a diplomatic service |
C.1earn craft as his first job |
D.open a New Look House |
We can infer from the passage that _________.
A.Dior and his supporter had different interests in business |
B.Dior’s New Look had little influence on people then |
C.Dior is only a brand of women’s fashion |
D.Dior’s fashion was not accepted at first |
What is probably the best title for the passage? .
A.The History of the New Look |
B.The Growth of the Dior Empire |
C.An Expression of Freedom—Dior |
D.The Founder of the New Look-Dior |