For many centuries，countless scholars have asked the question：What is beauty? As designers update the latest fashions and artists create their masterpieces, what is considered beautiful changes at an alarming pace. Fifty years ago, the full-figured American actress Marilyn Monroe was a symbol of the American aesthetic(美学的)value；today, many Hollywood actresses different in appearance from Marilyn’s have taken her place. However，aesthetic values not only differ from generation to generation，but do so along cultural lines as well. Often, what is considered hating one civilization is just the aesthetic appeal in another. Thus it is difficult to give an absolute definition(定义)of beauty.
As fundamental(基础的)physicists，my colleagues and I like to believe that we are involved in a search for a beauty that affects definition. The beauty that we search for is not what is set up through the work of people and subject to the tastes, but rather what has been laid down by nature Physics allows its students to look past outer appearances，into a deeper beauty. As a human being, I am attracted by the visual appeal of a wave crashing on the beach. As a physicist, however I am able to see the deeper beauty of the physical laws that govern such a phenomenon.
In truth，since Albert Einstein put forward the idea that there might be one main physical theory that governs the universe，aesthetics have become a driving force in modern physics. Einstein and other later physicists have discovered that：Nature, as its most fundamental level，is beautifully constructed. The extraordinary simplicity (朴素)of the laws that govern the universe is really breathtaking. As Einstein said, it would seem more likely that we should find ourselves living in a “chaotic (无秩序曲)world，in no way graspable（能理解的） through thinking”. Yet we are now closer than ever to a full understanding of the universe’s beautiful clockwork. As new discoveries and technologies allow us to examine the physical world on deeper and deeper levels，we find that the beauty itself becomes much deeper.The reference to “Marilyn Monroe” in Paragraph 2 mainly serves to___________.
| A．provide an example of today’s beauty standards |
| B．show there is no fixed definition of aesthetics |
| C．compare traditions of the East to the West |
| D．discuss her abilities as an actress |
When appreciating a wave crashing on the beach，a physicist sees the beauty of_____.
| A．the visual attraction |
| B．the powerful sounds |
| C．the physical laws behind |
| D．the lovely creatures |
Why are Albert Einstein’s words mentioned in Paragraph 3?
| A．To detail the functions of physical laws. |
| B．To highlight the range of Einstein’s influence. |
| C．To show that Einstein doubted the beauty of physics. |
| D．To stress the very simplicity of the laws of the universe. |
The passage is mainly to___________.
| A．present a special way of seeing beauty |
| B．emphasize the influence of physics |
| C．discuss the awareness of cross-culture |
| D．argue the traditional ideas on value |
When several different people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you alone observe one behavior or one person at two different times, you may see different things. The following are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions（感知，感觉）: 
Each person's perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experience.
Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we've observed. It is not necessarily true that person's perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by some. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same yardstick（尺码） to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
Sometimes we see only what we want to see what may be obverse（正面的）to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary（临时的） emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory（相反的） information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus（刺激）-"He's basically a good boy, so what I saw was not shoplifting（入店行窃）." We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information -"All kids get into mischief（顽皮）. Taking a book from the bookstore isn't such a big deal." We call change the meaning of the contradictory information-"It wasn't shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later."...
| 1． |
Why might the observation of the same person by two people at the same time differ?
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| 2． |
According the passage, our perceptions are formed by ________.
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| 3． |
From the passage, we know _____ causes us to think a boy's shoplifting isn't serious.
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| 4． |
What does the passage mainly talk about?
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Shishmaref, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place-once well bufferedby sea ice-that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland. They are being called one of the first refugees（难民）of global warming. k+s-5#u 
"We tend to describe climate change in terms that are abstract-a one degree rise in temperature, an increase in greenhouse gases-but when waves wash away a village, that's concrete and very emotional," says Igor Krupnik, an expert at the National Museum of Natural History. "When they lose a piece of their land, they aren't just losing a certain number of square miles. They are losing part of their history and their memory. They are losing childhood events and grandparents' tales."
Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms. But the natives say the ice doesn't freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles, leaving the community of 600 people more exposed. Storms have swept houses into the ocean.
The villagers' plan is to move to Tin Creek, a site on the Alaska mainland 12 miles away, and they have received $180 million from the government. Residents hope that in their new community they'll be able to maintain their close ties, continue hunting animals, and keep fishing, much as their ancestors have done for centuries. "People are asking why the government should be spending so much money on so few people," said a government official. "But people in Alaska are like everyone else. We want to help keep their culture alive."
| 1． |
The underlined word "buffered" probably means "______".
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| 2． |
From the passage what do we know about the sea ice around the village in the past?
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| 3． |
According to the passage, _____ caused the village to be in danger of disappearing.
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| 4． |
What's the villagers' main purpose to rebuild the community?
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About the Conference
The Athletic Business Conference & Expo is a premier educational event for athletic, fitness and recreation professionals. Through thought-provoking（发人深省的） seminars（研究会）, outstanding keynotes, a various trade show and great networking, attendees get the latest information on building, managing, operating and marketing sports, recreation and fitness facilities and programs.
The 2007 conference and trade show will take place at the Orange County Convention Center, Nov. 29~DeC．1 in Orlando.
Conference Seminars and Workshops
Wednesday, Nov. 28, through Saturday, Dec. 1．Workshops will be held on Wednesday, Nov. 28, while seminars will be held Nov. 29~Dec.1．A complete seminar schedule will be available in July.
Golf Classic, Tours
The ABC Golf Classic and tours of area sports and recreation facilities will be held on Wednesday, Nov. 28.
Exhibit Hall Hours
| Thursday, Nov. 29 |
Trade Show Grand Opening |
3:00 p.m. ~7:00 p.m. |
| Friday, Nov. 30 |
Early-morning workouts |
6:30 a.m.~ 8:30 a.m. |
| Friday, Nov. 30 |
Show Hours |
1:15 p.m. ~ 5:15 p.m. |
| Saturday, Dec. 1 |
Early-morning workouts |
8:00 A．m. ~ 9:30 A．m. |
| Saturday, Dec. 1 |
Show Hours |
9:30 a.m. ~12:30 p.m. |
Welcome Reception
Thursday, Nov.29．Location to be announced.
Cost
* Workshops, tours, CEUs and the Golf Classic have an additional cost.
* $ 395 first person.
* $ 340 per person for 2nd and 3rd person from the same organization. k+s-5#u
* Multi-attendee discount: $ 160 per person for each additional person（4th and beyond） from the same organization.
Note: To receive multi-attendee discount, all attendees from the same organization must register at the same time and pay with one check or credit card. Workshops, tours, CEUS and the Golf Classic have an additional cost.The above advertisement most probably appears in ______.
| A．November | B．June | C．July | D．September |
When should you arrive at the site of the conference if you want to attend the seminars?
| A．On Wednesday. | B．On Thursday. | C．On Friday. | D．On Saturday. |
A party of 3 people and a registered party of 6 people will have to pay ____ in total for the admission.
| A．1075 | B．1555 | C．2630 | D．3555 |
______, is most probably interested in this advertisement?
| A．The person, who majors in Sports Education in university |
| B．The person, who is considering losing some weight these days |
| C．The person, who does cleaning work in a barber shop |
| D．The person, who is going to invest in a recreation center |
Shopping for clothes is not the same experience for a man as it is for a woman. A man goes shopping because he needs something. His purpose is settled and decided in advance. He knows what he wants, and his objective is to find it and buy it; the price is a secondary consideration. All men simply walk into a shop and ask the assistant for what they want. If the shop has it in stock, the salesman promptly produces it, and the business of trying it on goes forward at once. All being well, the deal can be and often is completed in less than five minutes, with hardly any chat and to everyone's satisfaction. For a man, slight problems may begin when the shop does not have what he wants, or does not have exactly what he wants. In that case the salesman, as the name implies, tries to sell the customer something else, he offers the nearest he can to the article required. No good salesman brings out such a substitute without least consideration; he does so with skill and polish（完美）: “I know this jacket is not the style you want, sir, but would you like to try it for size. It happens to be the color you mentioned." Few men have patience with this treatment, and the usual response is: “This is the right color and may be the right size but I should be wasting my time and yours by trying it on.
Now how does a woman go about buying clothes? In almost every respect she does so in the opposite way. Her shopping is not often based on need. She has never fully made up her mind what she wants, and she is only “having a look round". She is always open to persuasion: indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, even by what companions tell her. She will try on any number of things. Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her. Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent sense of value when they buy clothes. They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain. Faced with a roomful of dresses, a woman may easily spend an hour going from one rail to another, to and fro often retracing her steps, before selecting the dresses she wants to try on. It is a tiresome process, but apparently an enjoyable one. Most dress shops provide chairs for the waiting husbands.According to the passage, a man’s shopping is based on _______.
| A．his money | B．his hobbies | C．his need | D．his friends |
Why does a lady welcome suggestions from anyone while buying a dress?
| A．Because she wants to buy a dress that every one thinks suits her. |
| B．Because she doesn’t know how to buy a dress. |
| C．Because she doesn’t know whether to buy it or not. |
| D．Because she wants to show herself off in public. |
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Most men have patience with trying it on while buying a jacket. |
| B．Most women have a poor sense of value when buying a dress. |
C．A woman’s shopping is based on her need. k+s-5#u |
| D．A man doesn’t pay much attention to the price of the clothes he wants to buy. |
The passage mainly talks about the ______ between men shoppers and women shoppers for clothes.
| A．similarities | B．differences | C．varieties | D．intentions |
James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves. His family moved to Cleveland when he was 9.There, a school teacher asked the youth his name. "J.C., "he replied. She thought he had said "Jesse", and he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at age 13．After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time so as to fee his university. As a second year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens accidentally fell down a flight of stairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Owens victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year, and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic but also political. Hitler did not congratulate any of the African American winners.
"It was all right with me, "he said years later.” I didn’t go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway."
Having returned from Berlin, he received no telephone calls from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.
Owens Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks, motorcycles and dogs.
"Sure, it bothered me, "he said later.” But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat."
In time, however, his gold medals changed his life.” They have kept me alive over the years, "he once said.” Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard."From the passage, we know that _____ most probably first called James Cleveland Owens Jesse.
| A．his father | B．his school teacher |
| C．his classmate | D．his mother |
Owen was very famous in the Big Ten meet because ___________.
| A．he was the son of a farmer and the grand son of black slaves |
| B．he studied in Ohio State University |
| C．he succeeded in setting many records |
| D．he was one of the black students studying in Ohio State University |
Why was Owens treated unfairly in the US at that time?
| A．Because he was a grandson of black slaves. |
| B．Because he was not successful in the Berlin Olympic Games. |
| C．Because he didn’t receive the president’s telephone calls. |
| D．Because he disliked the United State. |
Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A．Jesse Owens —James Cleveland Owens’ another name k+s-5#u |
| B．The Berlin Olympic Games |
| C．Black People and Olympic Games |
| D．Jesse Owens —the Great American Athlete |
