When thinking about quitting (stop) smoking, list all the reasons why you want to quit. Every night before going to bed, repeat one of the reasons 10 times.
Decide positively that you want to quit. Try to avoid negative thoughts about how difficult it might be. Develop strong personal reasons as well as your health and responsibility to others. For example, think of all the time you waste taking cigarette breaks, rushing out to buy a pack, hunting a light, etc. Set a date for quitting --- perhaps a special day like your birthday, a holiday. If you smoke heavily at work, quit during your vacation. Make the date holy seriously, and don't let anything change it. Begin to condition yourself physically; start a modest (适当的) exercise; drink more water; get plenty of rest.
Immediately after quitting...
The first few days after you quit, spend as much free time as possible in places where smoking is prohibited, e.g. libraries, museums, theatres, department stores, etc.
Drink large quantities of water and fruit juice. Try to avoid wine, coffee, and other drinks which remind you of cigarette smoking.
Strike up a conversation with someone instead of a match for a cigarette.
If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your hand, play with something else --- a pencil, a pen, a ruler. If you miss having something in your mouth, try a fake (仿制的) cigarette. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?
| A．Whenever you feel like a cigarette, try to forget it by sleeping. |
| B．Try to start a conversation before asking for a light. |
| C．If you miss the feeling of having a cigarette in your mouth, play with a pen. |
| D．Every night before going to bed, repeat all the reasons 10 times. |
From the passage, we know smokers __________.
| A．should drink a lot of coffee |
| B．have to stop to smoke from time to time |
| C．should drink a lot of wine |
| D．should not do any exercise |
According to the passage, what does the underlined word “prohibited” mean?
| A．forbidden | B．allowed |
| C．received | D．welcomed |
If the passage is in a newspaper, which section（部分）is it in?
| A．Sports | B．News | C．Health | D．Culture |
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
BEIJING (AFP) — Archeologists in China have uncovered more than 3，000 dinosaur footprints，state media reported，in an area said to be the world’s largest grouping of fossilized hones belonging to the ancient animals．
The footprints，believed to be more than 100 million years old，were discovered after a three-month excavation(发掘、出土) at a gully in Zhucheng in the eastern province of Shandong，the Xinhua news agency reposed．
The footprints range from 10 to 80 centimeters (4 to 32 inches) in length，and belonged to at least six different kinds of dinosaurs，including tyrannosaurs，the report said Saturday．
Wang Haijun，a senior engineer at the Chinese Academy of Sciences，said the footprints faced the same direction．Xinhua said．
This indicated a possible migration or a panic escape by plant-eating dinosaurs after an attack by predators(食肉动物)，Wang added．
Archeologists have found dinosaur fossils at some 30 sites in Zhucheng，known as“dinosaur city．”The region has seen two major digs since 1964，and experts say the discovery of so many dinosaurs in such a dense area could provide clues on how the animals became extinct millions of years ago．
Plans are being made to set up a fossil park in the area．
36．We can infer from the text that_____．
A．most of the footprints are more than 32 centimeters long
B．the footprints found belong to some predators
C．the dinosaurs were running in all directions because of an attack
D．the area is considered to be a perfect tour source
37．Which statement below is true according to the passage above?
A．The number of the footprints found is more than 3000．
B．The dinosaurs may live in an age 10，000，000 years ago．
C．The discovery of fossils may open a new age．
D．Archeologists still wish to find some more fossils．
38．The passage may be picked out from_____．
A．a magazine B．a science book C．a newspaper D．a students’ textbook
Research on the human brain has been attracting the attention of more and more scientists in recent years, just like the booming hi-tech industry. One of the latest research topics is how to change the human brain or combine the computer and the human brain, i．e．, to transplant a chip into human brain．This idea may make everyone's dream come true．If we compare a human brain to a hard disc, what the scientists are doing is to enlarge the capacity of the hard disc．For the time being, there are some difficulties in such transplant experiments, but scientists never give up．
Experiments were started on animals．In 1996, a transplant experiment performed at the Defense and Military Physiology Research Institute in the U．S．turned a bear into a dolphin．
The dolphin was named Ted, and the bear was named Tallin．Using the most advanced technology, deep and detailed studies were made of the swimming action memory area in Ted's brain by the scientists．They got a lot of useful information．The information was saved into a button-sized chip, which was then transplanted into the action memory area in Tallin's brain．The information saved on the chip was released by means of electric power．
Recently, another memory transplant was performed at the Motor Nerve Research Institute of the University of California．The comprehensive memory transplanted in the experiment included actions, moods, logic, words, images, etc. The experiment involved an entire transplant of the memory area. This was the largest such experiment done so far.
The transplant was performed from a dog named “Genius” to a dog named “Idiot”．“Genius” could understand and follow up to 100 gestures and orders made by its master．It was a real genius．“Idiot” was the younger brother of “Genius”．It had no contact with people at all since its birth．It became an animal with nothing in its brain, without any memory．
The operation was a complete success．When the two dogs woke up, “Idiot” had grasped all the abilities “Genius” possessed; it was good at memorizing and sensible. It could follow every gesture and any command given by its master．But “Genius” gave no response to its master, and in fact did not recognize him at all．
47．The purpose of the experiment is____.
A．to combine the computer and the human brain
B．to make bear swim
C．to make some stupid dog turn clever
D．to enlarge the capacity of human brain
48．Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．The scientists transferred a button-sized chip which useful information in Tallin’s brain.
B．The first comprehensive memory transplant was performed at the Motor Nerve Research University.
C．The second experiment wasn’t an entire transplant of the memory area.
D．The Idiot was an animal with memory before brain experiment
49．What does the underlined word “success” refer to?
A．The two dogs woke up.
B．They were both good at memorizing.
C．The Idiot grasped all the abilities of Genius.
D．The Genius grasped all the abilities of Idiot.
50．According to the text, we can infer .
A．a person can know more after the experiment.
B．a bear can swim after being transferred a chip with related useful information
C．a dog can become clever after entire transplant of the memory area
D．it is really good for animals to have been involved in the transplant experiment
CAREER OPPORTUNITES
1. Full Time Secretary Position Availabel: Applicants should have at least 2 year’s experience and be able to type 60 words a minute. No computer skills required．Apply in person at United Business Ltd．, 17 Browning Street, Leeds.
2. Part-time job: We require three part-time shop assistants to work during the evening．No experience required, applicants should be between 18 and 26 years old．Call 0115 - 765643 for more information．
3. Computer trained secretaries: Do you have experience working with computers? If you want to know more about us, call 0457-896754.
4. Teaching Assistants Needed: Hania’s Playshool needs 2 young teaching assistants to help with classes from 9 to 3 pm．Applicants should have references. For more information please visit www. Haniaplayschool. co. uk.
5. Weekend Work Available: We are looking for retired adults who would like to work part time on weekends for Rubberlast Group Ltd. Duties include answering the telephone and giving customers’ information. For more information call us at 0113-6741326.
6. University positions Open: The University of Bristol is looking for 4 teaching assistants to help with homework correction．Applicants should have a degree in one of the following: Political Science, English, Economics or History．Please call the University of Bristol for more information．
7. Home Delivery Representative: We are looking for someone who has excellent customer care, communication skills, a sales background with at least one year’s experience and is a good team player with creative ideas. In return we offer a starting salary of $ 20,000 and 25 days paid holiday per year. For more information please call Direct Delivery Team of Yorkshire Post on 0113-2388318.
44．Which position is most suitable for a retired person?
A．Part-time Shop Assistant.
B．Teaching Assistant in Hania’s Playschool.
C．Weekend Workin Rubberlast Group Ltd.
D．Teaching Assistant in the University of Bristol.
45．If you have good computer skills and recently graduated from university (English degree), which jobs can you apply for?
A．Job 1,2 and 7. B．Job 3,4 and 6. C．Job 4,6 and 7. D．Job 2,3 and 5.
46．Which is the only position that has a formal educational requirement?
A．Full Time Secretary at United Business Ltd.
B．Home Delivery Representative for Yorkshire Post.
C．Teaching Assistant at Hania’s Playschool.
D．University Positions at the University of Bristol.
Beijing plans to build huge free or low-cost parking lots beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads to encourage more car owners to take buses or subways to the downtown area．
The plan is just one of the many measures the city plans to take to reduce its traffic jams．Low or no parking fees would be used as economic leverage(杠杆作用) to reduce growing parking demands from urban areas．
Car owners living in the suburbs will be encouraged to park their cars beyond the Fourth and Fifth Ring Roads and take buses or subways to the downtown area．Statistics show that nearly one quarter of the city’s traffic flow is concentrated in the 62-square-kilometer downtown area within the Second Ring Road, which makes up only 12 percent of the city’s total area．
The Beijing Traffic Management Bureau receives between 400 and 500 calls reporting traffic jams every day and more than 90 percent of the roads are filled to capacity during rush hours every morning and evening．Part of the problem is the lack of easy links between bus routes, subways and cars．
According to the communication commission, half of the city’s investment in transportation will go towards public transit（公共交通） construction in the next few years, making a jump from the current only 20 per cent．Moreover, Beijing plans to change its layout （布局） by building new city centers, such as at Yizhuang, Tongzhou, Shunyi and Changping, in a bid to reduce the traffic flow to the downtown．
The current layout of Beijing-expanded ring roads around the same center of the Forbidden City, is seen as the root cause of the endless traffic jams．The downtown area is crowded with three business centers and one financial center, as well as nearly 400 government organs and institutions．
Traffic experts say building more urban centers around Beijing may reduce the number of residents living in the suburbs and traveling long distances to work downtown every day, thus reducing traffic flow．
40．In the coming years, if a man beyond the Fourth Ring Road goes to work in the downtown of Beijing, he is encouraged to _________．
A．take buses or subways B．take a taxi
C．drive the car quickly D．park his car in a place which asks for no fees
41．According to this passage, when more and more people drive to work in rush hour in Beijing, it is likely to _______．
A．save time B．cause traffic jams
C．cause traffic accidents D．reduce air pollution
42．The aim in building new city centers is to ________．
A．make it convenient for people to go shopping
B．develop its local resources
C．reduce the traffic flow to the downtown
D．solve the problem of more laid-off workers
43．The passage suggests the author ______．
A．is tired of driving to work
B．finds it costs less to take subways than to drive
C．is for the plan to reduce Beijing’s traffic congestion(拥挤)
D．has benefited a lot by driving to the downtown every day
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Heather Mills McCartney lives an admirable life, attending celebrity parties, meeting regularly with the rich and famous and doing meaningful work for charity．All who work with her admire and respect her．But Heather’s life hasn’t always been so easy．When Heather was only 9 years old, her mother abandoned her and her two brothers．At the age of 13, she ran away from home and ended up living on the streets in London．Eventually, however, her exceptional beauty led to a career in modeling．At that time, Heather also began helping with the war relief efforts in former Yugoslavia．Through her modeling and relief work, she soon became famous．
But in August 1993, at age 25 her life changed once again．She was crossing the street in London when a motorcycle crashed into her．She was so badly injured that the doctors had to cut off her left leg．After that, she discovered she frequently needed to change her artificial limbs(假肢)．It was expensive and she felt it was a waste to just throw away the old one．It occurred to her to set up an organization that could deliver used artificial limbs to Yugoslavia and other war-torn countries．It was through her charity work that she met her husband Paul McCartney．
Throughout her life, Heather has risen above problems and focused on helping others．Her work with artificial limbs even earned her a nomination（提名） for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1996．Heathe’s persistence and determination are what impresses anyone who knows her．Heather believes anyone can make a positive difference in the world．
36．This passage is mainly about _________．
A．Heather’s miserable life B．Heather’s contribution to the world
C．Heather’s success in her work D．Heather’s belief in life
37．Heather began her modeling career _________．
A．due to her mother’s encouragement
B．after her brothers abandoned her
C．because of her excellent intelligence and performances
D．because she was especially beautiful
38．Which of the following is Not true according to the passage?
A．Heather won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1996．
B．Heather began her charity work while working as a model．
C．Her artificial limbs had to be replaced continuously．
D．Heather has never been defeated by her problems．
39．From the passage we can infer that people admire and respect Heather because_________．
A．she had a lot of misfortunes during her childhood．
B．she was a world-famous model
C．she is determined and never gives in
D．she made a great difference in the world