Ifyoudontwantpeopletoknowtoomu-优题课

We often think of future．We often wonder what the world would be like in a hundred years' time.
Think of space, perhaps a permanent(永久的) station on the moon will have been set up．Perhaps people will be able to visit the moon as tourists．Cheap rockets for space travel will have been developed, permitting long journeys throughout the solar system(太阳系)．When that time comes, people will be taking holidays in space and visiting other planets．Great progress will have been discovered for the most terrible of all diseases—cancer．Pollution is a problem we must solve．In a hundred years' time it will have been controlled.
All the world will have been developed—even Antarctica．There will be large cities in Antarctica．We already have supersonic(超音速的) flight, but in a hundred years' time we will have supersonic land travel as well.
We will have used up most of earth's land to build our cities, so floating cities will have been built．The Japanese already have plans for cities of this kind．And there will be cities under the sea．The first of these will have been completed.
39．We will have developed __________ in a hundred years' time, permitting long journeys all over the solar system.
A．cheap rockets for space travelB．a plane for space travel
C．a permanent spaceshipD．a satellite for tourists
40．The last paragraph mainly talks about _____________.
A．new ways of building cities B．the building of cities under the sea
C．the building of floating cities in Japan D．the danger which earth's land will face
41．The best title for the passage is ______________.
A．Travel in the Future B．Future Life
C．Where to Live in the Future D．Space Travel

Communication technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth．The first study to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails．The fact that emails are automatically recorded—and can come back to haunt（困扰） you—appears to be the key to the finding．
Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week．In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told．Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation for each medium．He found that lies made up 14 percent of emails, 21 percent of instant messages, 27 percent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 percent of phone calls．
His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists．Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment（非直接接触） of emailing would make it easier to lie．Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication．
But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time．People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says．This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone．
People are also more likely to lie in real time—in an instant message or phone call, say—than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock．He found many lies are spontaneous（脱口而出的） responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?”
Hancock hopes his research will help companies work out the best ways for their employees to communicate．For instance, the phone might be the best medium for sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth．But given his result, work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email．
57．Hancock’s study focuses on ________．
A．the consequences of lying in various communications media
B．the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas
C．people’s preference in selecting communications technologies
D．people’s honesty levels across a range of communications media
58．Hancock’s research finding surprised those who believed that ________．
A．people are less likely to lie in instant messages
B．people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions
C．people are most likely to lie in email communication
D．people are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations
59．According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?
A．They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies
B．They believe that honesty is the best policy
C．They tend to be relaxed when using those media
D．They are most practiced at those forms of communication
60．According to Hancock, the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because ________．
A．salesmen can talk directly to their customers
B．salesmen may feel less restrained to exaggerate
C．salesmen can impress customers as being trustworthy
D．salesmen may pass on instant messages effectively

There is one difference between the sexes on which every expert and study agrees: men are more aggressive than women．It shows up in 2-year-olds．It continues through school days and persists into adulthood．It is even constant across cultures．And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology．
If there's a woman’s trait（特点） which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it's what social scientists refer to as the result of "education"．Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home．But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore．Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers（学步者） learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues（非言语暗示） from others．And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear．The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust．
What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men．At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers．But they don' t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women' s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere．
Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men．But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often． Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences．Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening．
53．The passage mainly discusses__________．
A．how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations
B．how hormone determines sex differences
C．why there are differences between males and females
D．why men and women have different social roles
54．According to the writer, women’s caring nature is .
A．not inborn in any sense B．inspired by women’s families
C．caused by social prejudice D．partly biological in origin
55．The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that_________．
A．women are not as competitive as men
B．law is not the fight profession for women
C．women are as excellent as men when they are young
D．academic qualities are not equal to performance
56．We can say from paragraph 4 that ___________.
A．men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often．
B．female leaders' success is due to their imitating male leaders．
C．men and women are different in their leadership style．
D．decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician．

Brittnie Pemberton listened attentively as Jim Herrick took her and her mother, Tanya, on a brief tour of San Diego State University on Thursday．Her dream is much closer to reality after she received a promise from the university．The university promised that she would get a full four-year scholarship to the school as long as she met the entrance requirements．
Brittnie, 10, laughed．Her mom cried．
They live at the Salvation Army Door of Hope, a living center for homeless women and their children．Photojournalist Linda Solomon met them in August when she came to the facility and taught boys and girls, ages three-and-a-half to 13, how to take pictures．She gave them all disposable cameras and told them to capture images that reflected their dreams．The children's images - a big house, a church, a playground, a backyard and more - are kept．This is a project called“Pictures of Hope" organized by the Salvation Army
"I wish to go to college, so I took a picture of the sign out in front of San Diego State University," Brittnie said last month．The Fletcher Elementary School fifth-grader was pointing to the Christmas card bearing her photograph．
Adrienne Finley, development director at the Salvation Army, hosted a reception for Solomon, who told Finley about the president of a small university who gave a child the scholarship she dreamed of last year．
Finley called his old friend, Herrick, who serves as the SDSU President．"We have a wonderful opportunity here to make a difference in a little girl's life," Finley said．Soon her mom and Brittnie were face to face with SDSU President Jim Herrick．
"You must be Brittnie," he said, reaching out to shake her hand．She quickly pulled her hands out of the pockets of the new SDSU sweatshirt she had been given that morning．
They sat down at a table in his office and talked about college, about science, about her love of math and his hope that she and other girls wouldn't lose interest in those subjects, as happens to many girls as they grow older．
Then they talked about how much discipline she would need over the next eight years to make her dream come true．Both signed the paper outlining their agreement to the terms of the scholarship．Back outside on the sunny campus, Brittnie admitted she's tempted sometimes not to do her homework．"But not anymore," she said．
49．According to the first paragraph, we can know that________．
A．it is certain that Brittnie will be admitted into SDSU
B．Brittnie will not need to pay for her university education if she can study in SDSU．
C．Jim Herrick promised Brittnie’s mother to offer her a job in SDSU．
D．Brittnie made a promise that she would never give up her dream．．
50．The Salvation Army Door of Hope is intended to ______．
A．call on young men and young women to help others
B．provide shelters for homeless moms and their children
C．carry out some projects to help those who are in trouble
D．help homeless people no matter who they are
51．According to the passage, the following statements are true EXCEPT_______．
A．Linda Solomon taught children photography to inspire them．
B．Children told people about their dreams through their pictures．
C．Brittnie took a picture standing at the gate of SDSC．
D．Brittnie’s picture was so good that it was printed on a Christmas card．
52．From what Ferrick said to Brittnie, we can infer that_______．
A．Ferrick has a strong belief that Brittnie will be a scientist in the future．
B．Brittnie, as well as some other girls, is interested in both science and math．
C．some girls would not be so good in science and math as boys as they grow older．
D．Brittnie will never lose interest in science because of her deep love

Many people think the search for cleaner energy leads only to renewable resources like sun, wind and water．But it also leads to a fossil fuel．Natural gas is considered the cleanest of the fossil fuels, the fuel created by plant and animal remains over millions of years．Burning it releases fewer pollutants than oil or coal．The gas is mainly methane （甲烷）．It produces half the carbon dioxide of other fossil fuels．So it may help cut the production of carbon gases linked to climate change．
Russia is first in what are called "proved reserves" of natural gas．The United States is sixth．Over the years, big oil and gas companies recovered much of the easily reached supplies of gas in America．They drilled straight down into formations where gas collects．As these supplies were used up, big drillers looked for similar formations in other countries．
But now the industry is taking a new look．Companies are developing gas supplies trapped in shale （页岩） rock two to three thousand meters underground．They drill down to the shale, then go sideways and inject high-pressure water, sand or other material into the rock．This causes the rock to fracture, releasing the gas．Huge fields of gas shale are believed to lie under the Appalachian Mountains, Michigan and the south-central states．Gas shale exploration is being done mainly by small to medium sized companies．Eric Potter, a program director, says more than half the gas in the United States is now coming from these new reserves．
But hydraulic （液压的） fracturing can also produce debate and anger over the risk of groundwater pollution．This method of drilling is not federally supervised under the Safe Drinking Water Act．Some in Congress want to end that exemption （豁免） from the law．
Natural gas provides Americans with about one fourth of their energy．And, unlike oil, most of it is produced in America．Gas producers invested heavily in reaching new supplies when prices were high．But prices are down sharply now because the depression cut demand for energy．So energy expert Eric Potter says it is too early to know how the changing market prices will affect the market for gas shale exploration．
45．We can learn from the first paragraph that ________．
A．natural gas releases methane and carbon dioxide
B．natural gas is considered as the cleanest energy
C．natural gas is more environmentally friendly than other fossil fuels
D．natural gas is a renewable source of energy
46．The word “fracture” in Paragraph 4 probably means _______．
A．create B．break C．change D．decrease
47．Gas shale exploration may cause disagreement because ______．
A．it may cause water pollution B．it brings too high profits
C．it breaks the law D．it is out of states’ control
48．According to Eric Potter, the new gas shale exploration ______．
A．will provide America with about one fourth of their energy
B．will increase demand for energy
C．will make gas producers invest a big sum of money
D．may be influenced by the changing market prices