We have always been interested in the moon. 2, 000 years ago, people already knew it moves around the earth and where it would be in the sky at different times of the year. At that time, everything about the moon was learned by watching it carefully in the sky.
When scientists could use telescopes to study the moon more closely, their ideas began to change. They could see the moon was made of rocks. Most scientists thought moon rocks would be different from those on the earth. This was because they believed the moon had once been a planet that had been caught in the earth’s gravity millions of years earlier.
In 1969, moon rocks were finally brought to the earth and studied. Much to their surprise, scientists found that, except for water, the moon and the earth were made of the same things. Once again new ideas were needed for this new information.
After years of study, most scientists now think that the moon was once part of the earth. They believe very early in its history, maybe 4 billion years ago, something about the size of Mars hit the earth. This sent billions of rocks into space around our planet. These rocks slowly joined together and after many years became the moon.
In the future, even though our ideas about the moon may change again, we will still be interested in it.Before 1969 most scientists thought the moon was _____.
| A．part of the earth billions of years earlier |
| B．older than the earth |
| C．a planet caught by the earth’s gravity |
| D．made of the same things as the earth |
After years of study, most scientists now think _____.
| A．the earth was once part of the moon |
| B．the moon was once part of the earth |
| C．something about the size of Mars will hit earth in the near future |
| D．a lot of rocks will slowly join together to become the other moon |
From this passage we can learn that _____.
| A．scientists in the past were not clever |
| B．scientists are so clever that they know everything |
| C．new information brings new ideas |
| D．we now know everything about the moon |
A Friend to the Pilgrims
"I speak English." When the Pilgrims （清教徒前辈美洲移民） heard these words，they were very surprised.The words came from Squanto，a Native American （印第安人）.But how did he learn to speak English？As the Pilgrims would soon find out，this happened to be a long story.
In 1605，George Weymouth，an English captain （船长），was exploring America.People from England were interested in the Native Americans of this new land.When Weymouth came to Squanto's village，he captured （俘获） five men.Squanto was not among them，but the little boy was curious （好奇的）.He volunteered to go with Weymouth to England.
In England，a friend of Weymouth's took good care of Squanto.But after nine years，Squanto felt homesick.In 1614，two English captains，John Smith and Thomas Hunt，asked Squanto to help them explore America.They promised to take Squanto to his home village after the trip.Squanto was happy and agreed to go.But after the trip，Captain Hunt broke his promise.Instead of bringing Squanto to see his family，he sold him to Spain as a slave （奴隶）.
In Spain，some monks （僧侣） saved Squanto and looked after him for three years.Then，he joined another trip to North America.The trip was to Newfoundland.This was still far from Squanto's home.Squanto returned to England in the end.
By now，Squanto had known many important men in England.They liked Squanto and wanted to help him.Finally，Squanto went back to his home village in 1619 with the help of them.But sadly，the village was empty.All of the villagers had died from an illness.
When the Pilgrims arrived in America in 1620，winter would soon come.They needed help.Squanto happened to be living close to their houses.He offered to help.Knowing the language and customs of Englishmen，Squanto helped the Pilgrims in many ways，including teaching them how to catch fish.The Pilgrims were really lucky to have such a good friend!
（1）What did George Weymouth do when he came to Squanto's village？
（2）Who helped Squanto return to his home village in the end？
（3）When did the Pilgrims arrive in America？
（4）How did Squanto help the Pilgrims？
（5）What do you think of Squanto？And why？
On Saturday morning，Tom Sawyer had to paint his aunt's fence （栅栏）.Tom looked at the thirty meters of wide fence and felt bad.He thought of the fun he had planned for the day.Soon the free boys would go out to play，and they would laugh at him for having to work.He felt even worse.（1）_____
Soon Ben Rogers appeared，eating an apple.Tom ignored （不理） him and continued painting.He stopped and looked at his work like an artist. "Hello，Tom.I'm going swimming.Don't you wish you could？But of course，you have to work."
Tom looked at Ben，then said， "What do you call work？"
"Isn't this work？"
Tom continued painting，and answered， "Well，maybe it is，and maybe it isn't.All I know is，I like it."
"Do you really like it？"
"（2）_____"
That made it sound different.Ben stopped eating his apple.Tom moved his brush carefully backwards and forwards and stepped back to look.Ben watched every move，getting more interested.Presently，he said， "Hey，Tom，let me paint a little."
Tom thought，and then said， "No，I don't think so，Ben.Aunt Polly wants this fence painted carefully because it's on the street.It's difficult to do it right."
"Come on，let me try."
"I'd like to，Ben.But Aunt Polly won't even let my brother Sid do it."
"I'll be careful.I'll give you my apple."
（3）_____While Ben was working in the sun，Tom sat under a tree eating the apple and thinking how to catch more boys.And there were lots of them.Boys came to make fun，but stayed to paint.By the time Ben was tired，Tom had exchanged the next turn with Billy Fisher for a good kite，and then Johnny Miller，and so on.（4）_____ He had learned that to make someone want something，you only have to make it difficult to get.
根据短文内容，从方框中选出四个选项填入文中空缺处，使短文内容通顺完整。有一项剩余。
|
A.All of the boys were glad to paint this fence because they could get Tom's toys if they did. B.Tom gave Ben his brush with reluctance （勉强） on his face，but with happiness in his heart. C.Suddenly he had an idea.He took his brush and started painting. D.By the time he had no more paint，he had had lots of toys and treasures，and the fence had had three coats of paint. E.Why not？Does a boy get a chance to paint a fence every day？ |
Which country grows the most tea？The answer is India.It grows three times as much as China.Which country drinks the most tea？It's neither China nor Japan.It's Great Britain.
In the wild，tea plants may be 9 meters tall.But a plant grown for market is pruned.Pruning keeps the plant only 0.9 or 1.2 meters tall.This is an easy height for tea picking.Only the two top leaves and bud（芽）of each new shoot are picked.So to make money，tea plantations （种植园） must be huge.
In general，there are two kinds of tea：black tea and green tea.Black tea is fermented （发酵）.In the process，the tea loses nearly all of its healthy parts.Green tea is steamed （蒸） right after the leaves are picked.Green tea keeps its healthy parts.For example，it may prevent heart illness.
How did we get tea bags？The answer：by accident.Tea businessmen used to send samples（样品）in tin（锡）boxes.This was very expensive.One businessman thought of a cheaper way.He sent samples in small silk bags.Customers would open the bag.They would make tea as usual.One customer put the bag into a pot.Then he just poured hot water over it.And the tea bag was born.
Shen Nong was the first to drink tea.He was a Chinese emperor.This was about 2737 B.C.Shen drank several cups of hot water daily.One day something happened.Leaves from a wild tea tree fell into the hot water pot.The next cup was poured.The water was now colored.Shen tasted it.He liked it.He drank it all.Shen was proud of his new drink.He served it to his guests.Word spread.People thought this way：tea is good enough for the Emperor，so it must be good enough for the people.Tea became the drink of China.
（1）The writer starts the passage by .
| A． |
telling an interesting story |
| B． |
comparing some information |
| C． |
giving several useful suggestions |
（2）In Paragraph Two，the underlined word " pruned" means " " in Chinese.
| A． |
删除 |
| B． |
采摘 |
| C． |
修剪 |
（3）After reading the passage，it seems clear that .
| A． |
tea and tea bags were invented by accident |
| B． |
black tea is healthier than green tea |
| C． |
tea is better for you than any other drink |
（4）The passage mainly tells us .
| A． |
the popularity of tea bags |
| B． |
the ways of making green tea and black tea |
| C． |
the discovery and development of tea |
Have you ever imagined what life will be like in 2060？An international group of forty scientists have made some surprising predictions.They said that in the next forty years，our lives would change beyond our wildest dreams.
Firstly，humans can grow body parts themselves.Dr.Ellen Heber﹣Katz is one of the forty scientists.He says， "People will think it common that sick organs （器官） can be repaired.It's just like the way we fix a car." Damaged parts will be taken away.Scientists could use human cells （细胞） to grow new organs.New technologies like this will also help people to live longer.Within forty years，most people will be able to live up to one hundred years.
Secondly，the scientists have predicted that a machine will be invented to "read" the minds of animals.In 2060，we will be able to "talk" to animals.Scientists say that humans may first "talk" with mammals （哺乳动物） and then other vertebrates （脊椎动物） such as fish.
Our houses might also change beyond our imagination.Dr.Susan Greenfield predicts that when you enter the living room，sensors （传感器） will know you.They will turn on the lights.If you talk to the lights，they will change to the color of your choice.
But what would be the biggest breakthrough （突破） over the next forty years？A number of scientists believe it would be the discovery of aliens.NASA scientist Chris Mckay says， "We may find aliens in space and talk with them." He believes marks of alien life may even be found here on Earth.
Does life in 2060 sound cool to you？Let's wait and see what will really happen then!
（1）Which of the following is mentioned in the passage？
| A． |
In 2060，humans may be able to communicate with dogs and aliens. |
| B． |
Most people will be able to live up to two hundred years in forty years. |
| C． |
The sensors will turn off the lights after you leave the living room in 2060. |
（2）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage？ （P1＝Paragraph 1）
| A． |
|
| B． |
|
| C． |
|
（3）The writer wrote the passage in a tone （语气）.
| A． |
scary |
| B． |
surprising |
| C． |
disappointing |
（4）What is the best title for the passage？
| A． |
Life in 2060 |
| B． |
The Biggest Breakthrough |
| C． |
How to Live Longer |
Poverty （贫困）is a big problem around the world.But China has done a good job of dealing with it and it has found its own way to fight poverty.Instead of just giving money to poor people，it has tried to educate people and give them the tools they need to lift themselves out of poverty.Ordinary （平凡的）people play a big role in the fight.Here are two of them.
After graduating from Beijing Normal University in 2016，Huang Wenxiu gave up the chances to work in big cities and returned to her hometown of Baise in Guangxi and served as the village's Party chief.A total of 418 villagers were lifted out of poverty thanks to her efforts.Unluckily，she died in a flash flood at the age of 30 while driving back to her village in Baise.She was given the title "role model of the times" by the central government.
When Mao Xianglin started to work as the Party secretary of his village，there was only one pathway out of the village for many years.He led more than 100 villagers to build a road with their hands. It took them seven years to build an eight ﹣ kilometer road. Mao then encouraged the villagers to grow oranges.Last year，their orange yield （产量）was nearly 40 tons.Young people have returned to the village to sell oranges online.By the end of 2019，269 villagers had been lifted out of poverty.The per capita income （人均收入）reached 12，670 yuan，40 times more than in the 1990s.
（1）How does China help poor people to fight poverty？
（2）What prize was given to Huang Wenxiu？
（3）How do young people sell oranges in Mao Xianglin s village？
（4）请把文中的划线句子翻译成汉语。
（5）请给短文拟一个恰当的标题。
