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题文

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing (挤) past someone in a narrow aisle (通道), people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things.
After all, squeezing past others sometimes can’t be avoided and the bus driver is merely doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles and came to appreciate some more polite ways of communicating with people.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customers and retail assistants in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposed to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers stressed several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is shown in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to meals than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men. Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?

A.He appreciates it.
B.He gives no personal opinion.
C.He thinks it is just an act.
D.He thinks it goes too far.

What can we learn about customers and retail assistants in Germany?

A.It’s always retail assistants who say thank you.
B.Customers never say thank you to retail assistants.
C.They always say thank you to each other.
D.They may say thank you only once.

We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.

A.are more likely to be involved in a fight
B.are not so willing to spend money for women
C.are more polite than English men
D.treat women in a polite way

The author develops the text through the method of ______.

A.giving comments B.telling stories
C.making comparisons D.giving reasons
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 中等
知识点: 日常生活类阅读
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相关试题

After the September 11 terrorist attacks, some high schools in America wanted the students to pledge allegiance(宣誓效忠) to the flag. Is it necessary or not? Let’s see how the kids think of this requirement.
Lea Mouallem, Marymount High School
I believe that saying the Pledge of Allegiance is a way of reminding our country that no matter what happens, we are united. I don’t think our president wants us to go and join the army now, but he wants to tell us that we will be able to overcome the disaster as a whole nation that is working together.
Harry Chin, 15, Culver City High School
I am not for the Pledge of Allegiance and I am not against the Pledge of Allegiance because I just say it so many times that it loses meaning. I say it every day at school in the second period. It doesn’t mean anything any more.
David Tran, 15, Warren High School.
The Pledge of Allegiance is another sign of country. We should have some respect to it. In many schools, we don’t say the Pledge every morning-we just stand up and let the National anthem ring through the silence. We said the Pledge of Allegiance on Sept. 12.
Danny Maryanor, 16, Santa Monica High School
I wonder why we were suddenly asked to recite the Pledge when many of us stopped after elementary school; and the Pledge was recited before the play of “Ode to Joy” (欢乐颂)with recorders. This was not to express patriotism(爱国主义), or even to remember those who lost their lives on Sept. 11.
I feel I cannot support a nation that in this time of crisis looks outward for revenge(报复)instead of inward for peace. Perhaps we should think more about our problems.
1.Saying the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag first appeared in American schools_______.
A.after Sept. 11, 2000 B.before Sept. 11, 2001
C.on Sept. 11, 2001 D.after Sept. 11, 2001
2.Who were for the Pledge of Allegiance?
A.Lea Mouallem; David Tran B.Harry Chin; Danny Maryanor
C.Lea Mouallem; Danny Maryanor D.Harry Chin; David Tran
3.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.Harry Chin thought the government required them to join the army.
B.Lea Mouallem thought the Pledge of Allegiance of no meaning.
C.Danny Maryanor felt the terrorist attacks happened partly because of America’s own problem.
D.The Pledge of Allegiance is of another country.
4.According to the passage, it can be imagined that___________.
A.all high school students say yes to the Pledge of Allegiance.
B.all high school students say no to the Pledge of Allegiance.
C.all kids don’t agree to the requirement of saying the Pledge of Allegiance.
D.all high schools will require their students to pledge allegiance to the flag.

Sports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism(批评)from coaches(trainers), parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware(realize), at all times, that their feedback(反馈)to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters many take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure), which can lead to burnout.
1.According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that_______-.
A.it can help them learn more about society
B.it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C.it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D.it can provide them with valuable experiences
2.Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes__________.
A.without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence
B.in order to make them remember life’s lessons
C.believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
D.so as to put more pressure on them
3.According to the passage parents and coaches should____________-.
A.help children to win every game
B.pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C.enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D.train children to deal with stress
4.The author’s purpose in writing the passage is___________.
A.to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B.to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C.to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement
D.to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout

Whatever our differences as human beings are, we all think we’re more like the rest of the animal world than we realize. It is said that we share 40 per cent of our genetic(遗传的)structure with the simple worm.
But that fact has helped Sir John Sulston win the 2002 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Sir John is the founder of the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, which was set up in 1992 to get further understanding of the human genome(染色体组.
To help them do this, they turned to the worm. The nematode(线虫类的)worm is one of the earliest creatures on planet earth. It is less than one millimeter long, completely transparent and spends its entire life digging holes through sand. But it still has lots to say about human life, and what can be done to make it better.
What the worm told Sir John and his colleagues was that each of cells in the human body is programmed like a computer. They grow, develop and die according to a set of instructions that are coded in our genetic make-up.
Many of the diseases that humans suffer from happen when these instructions go wrong or are not obeyed. When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer. Heart attacks and diseases like AIDS cause more cell deaths than normal, increasing the damage they do to the body. Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.
1.Sir John Sulston got a Nobel Prize for Medicine because he has______.
A.found that human beings are similar to the worn
B.got the fact we share 40 per cent of our genetic structure with the simple worm
C.found the computer which controls each of the cells in the human body
D.proved that cell death is programmed
2.People might be seriously ill if the cells in heir body______-.
A.grow without being instructed B.die regularly
C.fail to follow people’s instructions D.develop in the human body
3.The underlined word “they” (paragraph 5) refers to_________-.
A.cell deaths B.diseases C.instructions D.cells
4.What is the subject discussed in the text?
A.The theory of programmed cell deaths.
B.A great scientist—Sir John Sulston.
C.The programmed human life.
D.Dangerous diseases.

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A lot of management training each year for Circle K Corporation, a national chain of convenience stores. Among the topics we address in our course is the retention(保护力) of quality employees-a real challenge to managers when you consider the pay scale(标准)in the service industry. During these discussions, I ask the participants(参加者), “What has caused you to stay long enough to become a manager?” Some time back a new manager took the question and slowly, with her voice almost breaking, said, “It was a $19 baseball glove.”
Cynthia told the group that she originally took a Circle K clerk job as an interim(临时的) position while she looked for something better. On her second or third day behind the counter, she received a phone call from her nine-year-old son, Jessie. He needed a baseball glove for Little League. She explained that as a single mother, money was very tight, and her first check would have to go for paying bills. Perhaps she could buy his baseball glove with her second or third check. When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning, Patricia, the store manager, asked her to come to the small room in the back of the store that served as an office. Cynthia wondered if she had done something wrong or left some part of her job incomplete from the day before. She was concerned and confused.
Patricia handed her a box. “I overheard you talking to your son yesterday,” she said, “and I know that it is hard to explain things to kids. This is a baseball glove for Jessie because he may not understand how important he is, even though you have to pay bills before you can buy gloves. You know we can’t pay good people like you as much as we would like to; but we do care, and I want you to know you are important to us.”
The thoughtfulness, empathy and love of this convenience store manager demonstrates vividly that people remember more how much an employer cares than how much the employer pays. An important lesson for the price of a Little League baseball glove.
1.Among many of the problems in the service industry, what is talked about in this passage, is_______.
A.how to ensure his employees’ high pay
B.how to attract more customers
C.how to look carefully after the employees
D.how to keep the good employees from leaving
2.Although a new manager, Cynthia would do her job well in keeping quality employees because she________.
A.had mastered all the courses for the manager
B.had already formed good relationship with the employees
C.know the way how to deal with her employees
D.had her own personal experience
3.This passage shows us that to run a business well it is necessary for managers to let their employees know________.
A.how much they can get for their job.
B.what good positions they can get later
C.they are very necessary to the business
D.they are nice as well as useful
4.The story told in this passage tells us that employees care about___________.
A.only how large a pay they can get
B.love from the managing people rather than only money
C.if their children could be properly taken care of
D.what position they can be offered

Although women lead healthier, longer lives, the cruel perception that they reach their sell-by date and become “old” sooner than men is widespread in the workplace, research shows.
A survey of more than 2,600 managers and personnel professionals showed that age discrimination is not only common in the workplace, but is full of inconsistencies(矛盾). Six in ten managers thought that they had suffered from age discrimination——usually because they were turned down for a job for being too old or too young. Yet more than a fifth admitted that they used age as a condition when they employ new workers.
Although the survey found widespread agreement that older workers were better than younger colleagues when it came to reliability, commitment, loyalty and customer service, these qualities were not necessarily considered to be worthy of advancement. More than half of respondents believed that workers between 30 and 39 were the most likely to be advanced in their company, with only 2 per cent citing (引证)50-year-olds or above.
Dianah Worman of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development said that there was anecdotal evidence that people were considered old at different ages in different sectors. “We heard of one man working in IT who said he was considered too old by the age of 28,”she said.“There was no evidence to suggest that older workers were less valuable to companies than younger workers, in fact the opposite was often true because older workers often brought experience.” she added.
The findings also suggested that the Government’s ideas on age in the workforce may also be out of step with reality.
1. The text is mainly about ______.
A. the government’s idea on age in workforce
B. age discrimination in the workforce
C. the people who find work
D. the discussion about who is worth promoting
2. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. Women get older than men though they are healthier.
B. Sixty percent of the managers were refused because they were too older.
C. Young workers are more valuable to companies than the older ones.
D. The people in their thirties are easier to be promoted than those in their fifties.
3. The underlined word “sell-by date” in paragraph 1 probably refers to______.
A. the age when they retire
B. the age when they should be promoted
C. the date on which they’re sold
D. the date when they sell goods

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