Why do young adult children become independent so much later than they did in 1970，when the average age of independent living was 21? Why have reduced class sizes and increased per-pupil expenditures (花销）not higher academic achievement levels? Why is the mental health of today’s kids so poor when with that of children in the 1960s and before? Why do today’s become defensive when told by teachers that their children have misbehaved in school?
The answer in two words: parental . Those two words best summarize the between “old” child raising and new, post-1960s parenting. Then, the overall philosophy was that parents were not to be involved with their kids. They were available crisis, but they stood a (an) distance from their kids and allowed them to experience the benefits of the trial-and-error process. It was the child’s ，back then, to keep his or her parents from getting involved. That was children learned to be responsible and determined.
Today’s parents help their kids with almost everything. These are parents who are when it comes to an understanding of their purpose in their kids，lives. Their involvement leads them to personalize everything that happens to their kids; , the defensiveness. But given that schools and mental health professionals have been pushing parent involvement for nearly four decades, the confusion and defensiveness are .
University researchers analyzed three decades of data relating to parent participation in children’s academics. Their conclusions what I’ve been saying since the 1980s: parental help with homework a child’s academic achievement and is not reflected on standardized tests.
Parents who manage a child’s social life interfere with the of good social skills. Parents who manage a child’s after-school activities grow kids who don’t know how to their own free time. Parents who get involved in their kids, with peers grow kids who don’t know how to avoid much less trouble.
These kids have anxieties and fears of all sorts and don’t want to leave their . And their parents, when the time comes, don’t know how to being parents. You can imagine what will become of their future.
A．counted on B．resulted in C．touched on D．taken in
A．associated B．linked C．compared D．matched
A．parents B．adolescents C．psychologists D．youths
A．assistance B．protection C．involvement D．preference
A．differences B．similarities C．choices D．relations
A．slightly B．passively C．highly D．fairly
A．in case of B．in spite of C．in view of D．in fear of
A．equal B．safe C．long D．short
A．fault B．turn C．job D．attitude
A．when B．how C．why D．what
A．confused B．disappointed C．amazed D．satisfied
A．however B．still C．yet D．thus
A．unreasonable B．changeable C．understandable D．avoidable
A．confirmed B．convinced C．realized D．reflected
A．decides B．lowers C．helps D．stimulates
A．appearance B．performance C．establishment D．development
A．value B．devote C．fill D．save
A．communication B．conflicts C．cooperation D．competitions
A．home B．school C．career D．profession
A．start B．ignore C．consider D．stop
Everyone wants to be healthy and happy. Unfortunately, illness or accidents may occur without any . Frequently the person who is can be cared for at home if there is someone who can look after him under the doctor's direction. Sometimes arrangements can be for a visiting nurse to give the necessary treatment once a day, or often, if necessary. The responsible one at home on with the rest of the care during the interval(间隔） between the nurses' .
The rapid diagnosis(诊断)and treatment on the spot of an accident or sudden illness， waiting for the arrival of doctors, is called first aid and quite from the home nursing.
When illness does come, the family is affected. Many adjustments have to be made the family routine needn't be disturbed(打乱）completely. Often it can be rearranged with home duties simplified (简化）to time and energy, thus reducing strain(压力）on the family.
The entire work for giving nursing care is usually by one person, frequently the mother.
， in order that she may have some rest, or in case she herself is ill, other members of the family should learn how to help when sickness occurs.
A．reason B．notice C．warning D．signal
A．weak B．patient C．ill D．healthy
A．done B．made C．placed D．supplied
A．works B．carries C．looks D．depends
A．words B．letters C．visits D．hopes
A．immediate B．quick C．early D．late
A．before B．while C．early D．late
A．similar B．different C．urgent D．separate
A．big B．half C．whole D．all
A．and B．but C．unless D．since
A．save B．waste C．get D．lose
A．got B．done C．made D．sent
A．Consequently B．Moreover C．Unexpectedly D．However
The computer plays an important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great in the world in the 20th century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, but at schools. Today it is used in many ways. It really brings the world large wealth(财富）and .
The first computer in the world was Enid. It was built in America in 1946. It was and heavy. Since it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has four periods and changed a lot. There're many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more .
The computer can do most of the things for people. It can help us to know about the real more quickly, to learn what we want to learn and to think for ourselves. As a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.
A．inventions B．discoveries C．robots D．foundations
A．sadness B．worries C．feelings D．happiness
A．founded B．contacted C．called D．invested
A．loose B．large C．tiny D．light
A．gone out B．gone through C．gone on D．gone away
A．serious B．harmful C．dangerous D．useful
A．world B．space C．universe D．knowledge
A little girl lived in a simple and poor house on a hill. Usually she would play in the small garden. She could see over the garden fence and across the valley a wonderful house with shining golden windows high on another hill. she loved her parents and her family*she desired to live in such a house and all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there.
At the age when she gained some skill and sensibility (识别力)，she her mother for a bike ride outside the garden. The little girl knew where she was heading! Down the hill and across the valley, she rode to the of the golden house.
As she got off her bike and put it against the gate post, she focused on the path to the house and then on the house itself. She was very disappointed when she that all the windows were and rather dirty.
So and heart-broken, she didn't go any further. She and all of a sudden she saw an amazing . There on the other side of the valley was a little house and its windows were golden. Looking at her little home, she that she had been living in her golden house filled with love and care. Everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose!
A．Unless B．Although C．Since D．But
A．dreamed B．worried C．asked D．shouted
A．different B．scientific C．musical D．basic
A．begged B．blamed C．invited D．paid
A．madly B．rapidly C．exactly D．possibly
A．windows B．steps C．center D．gate
A．getting B．introducing C．leading D．moving
A．felt B．learned C．concluded D．found
A．anxious B．angry C．serious D．sad
A．turned around B．cheered up C．settled down D．dropped in
A．hill B．valley C．background D．sight
A．imagined B．decided C．realized D．guessed
At the end of my high school, I got a part-time job working at a coffee shop. I had that the job would be easy but this wasn't true.
One day, one of my regular customers came in looking sad. I asked what the problem was, but he wouldn't tell me. He just said he going to bed. Before he left, I handed him a along with his iced coffee. He looked at me，20，because he hadn't ordered anything but the coffee. He opened the bag and saw that I had given him his favourite type of doughnut (炸面圈）. He thanked me before returning around and heading back out into the rain.
The next day, it was still raining and everyone in my town seemed to be using the drive-thrn window(免下车窗口）. I spent my afternoon handing people their and waiting as they slowly counted their pennies. I tried to as the customers complained(抱怨）the weather.
Around seven o'clock that evening, however, my day took a for the better. I was in the middle of making coffee when the customer from the day before up to the window. But instead of ordering anything, he handed me a rose and a note. He said that not too many people took the time to others. I was speechless. I waited until I saw his Jeep left. Then I opened the note, which ：
Christine，
Thanks for being so kind yesterday. I was really by you. Have a great day ！Hank From then on, when I complaining customers，! Thought of Hank and his kindness. Then I would smile.
A．doubted B．guessed C．knew D．dreamed
A．cloudy B．snowy C．windy D．rainy
A．felt like B．thought about C．went on D．gave up
A．raincoat B．pill C．rose D．bag
A．upset B．worried C．puzzled D．bored
A．umbrellas B．orders C．pennies D．keys
A．smile B．prevent C．listen D．agree
A．turn B．chance C．break D．look
A．rode B．drove C．walked D．ran
A．learn from B．believe in C．care about D．think of
A．read B．argued C．meant D．explained
A．touched B．hurt C．shocked D．understood
A．found B．realized C．met D．wanted
Who designed the first helicopter (直升机)？ Who painted the most famous pictures in the world? Who knew more about the human body than most ？There is an answer to all these questions — Leonardo da Vinci.
Leonardo may have been the greatest genius(天才) have ever known. He lived in Italy around the year 1500，but many of his seem modern to us today. For example, one of his notebooks has drawings of a helicopter. Of course, he couldn't a helicopter with the things he had. But scientists say his idea would have worked.
But Leonardo wasn't just an inventor. He was one of the greatest artists of his day. By the time he was twenty years old, he was called a master painter, and as he got older he became more famous. Sometimes he drew a hand in ten different ways he was ready to paint.
Many of Leonardo's wonderful paintings are still with us today. You may know one of his most famous works the woman known as the Mona Lisa.
A．artists B．doctors C．painters D．people
A．paintings B．inventions C．experiences D．traditions
A．draw B．fly C．imagine D．build
A．less B．no C．even D．very
A．before B．after C．because D．when
A．interesting B．crying C．smiling D．surprising