【2014年福建省漳州市中考】根据所提供的内容，从四个选项中-优题课

One day a farmer ’s donkey(驴) fell into a well(井). The donkey cried for hours as the farmer tried to find a way to get it out. Finally, he decided to give up the donkey, because it was old, and the well was needed to be covered up.
He invited all of his neighbors to come over and help him. They all began to fill the well with dirt(土). The donkey realized what was happening and began to cry. Then, to everyone ’s surprise, it became quiet. A few minutes later, the farmer finally looked down the well. He was surprised at what he saw. With each shovel(铲) of the dirt that hit its back, the donkey shook(摇晃) it off and took a step up.
As the farmer ’s neighbors went on to shovel dirt on top to the donkey, he still shook it off and took a step up. Pretty soon, the donkey happily got out.
Life is going to shovel dirt on you, all kinds of dirt. Each of our troubles is a stepping stone. You can get out of the deepest well just by not stopping and never giving up.
Shake it off and take a step up.
The farmer couldn ’ t get the donkey out and decided to give it up at last.
The donkey cried again because it didn ’ t like the dirt.
The donkey found a way to save itself so it became quiet.
The donkey saved itself by asking the neighbors for help.
From this story we know we should make the trouble a stepping stone.

●Our Needs
People are different, but they all have the same needs. Needs are things people must have to live. Our bodies need food and water. We also need air to breathe. We need a place to live to keep us safe. We need clothes to keep us warm. If we did not have these things, we could not survive(生存).
Needs may be different for people who live in different areas. If you live where it is cold, you may need special clothes to keep you warm. If you live where it is hot, you may need more water.
People have found new ways to meet their needs. Farmers grow food that people eat. They used to plant seeds by hand. They used to pick plants by hand. Now they have machines that do this work.
● Our Wants
Wants are things people would like to have but do not need to live. Suppose you hope to get a football for your birthday. A football is a want. You can live without it.
Sometimes we might want something so much that it feels like a need. We have to make choices, though. If you need a new coat for winter, you might not be able to get the football you want. We must choose what we need over what we want.
Sometimes we must make choices between things we want. Suppose you want to go to a birthday party for your uncle. That day, a friend asks you to go to a movie. The movie is at the same time as the party.
If you choose to go to the party, then what would you give up? What would you give up if you went to the movie?
Needs are things that people______.

A．don't use every day

B．cannot live without

C．get to meet their interest

D．have to improve their life

Which of the following must be a want?

A．Air.

B．Water.

C．A coat.

D．A movie.

Which sentence shows the writer's opinion?

A．We must put what we need before what we want.

B．People from different areas must have different needs.

C．It's easy to make a choice between the things we want.

D．If we want something very much, it can become our need.

The writer tells the differences between needs and wants by ______.

A．giving examples	B．doing research
C．making a survey	D．having interviews

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a need?

A．Bodies- food and water	B．People- place to live
C．Farmers- pick plants	D．Human- air to breathe

My friend Matt and I arrived at the Activity Centre on Friday evening. The accommodation wasn't wonderful，but we had everything we needed (beds，blankets，food)，and we were pleased to be out of the city and in the fresh air.
On Saturday morning we met the other ten members of our group. Cameron had come along with two friends，Kevin and Simon，while sisters Carole and Lynn had come with Amanda. There were some other members I didn't know. We had come from different places and none of us knew the area.
We knew we were going to spend the weekend outdoors，but none of us was sure exactly how. Half of us spent the morning caving while the others went rock-climbing and then we changed at lunchtime. Matt and I went to the caves(岩洞) first. Climbing out was harder than going in，but after a good deal of pushing，we were out at last. Though we were covered with mud，we were pleased and excited by what we'd done.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
The writer spent the Saturday morning _____.

A．rock-climbing	B．sleeping
C．meeting friends	D．caving

There were _____ members in all in the writer's group.

A．6

B．8

C．l0

D．12

We can learn from the passage that _____.

A．some of the group had been there before

B．the group had done rock-climbing many times

C．some of the group already knew each other

D．group all came from the same city

The write thought her weekend was _____.

A．interesting	B．relaxing
C．frightening	D．unpleasant

This passage mainly talks about ____.

A．the writer's friends at the Activity Centre

B．the writer's experience at the Activity Centre

C．outdoor sports at the Activity Centre

D．how to go rock-climbing and caving

Hundreds of years ago，a Roman army came north from England to make war on Scotland. The Scots，a brave people，loved their country very much. They fought hard to drive the enemy out of Scotland，but there were too many Romans. It looked as if the Romans would win.
One night，the leader of Scots marched (行军) his soldiers to the top of a hill. "We will rest here tonight，my men,” he said. "Tomorrow we will fight one more battle. We must win or we will die."
They were all very tired，so they ate their supper quickly and fell asleep. There were four guards on duty, but they were very tired as well and also fell asleep one by one.
The Romans were not asleep. Quickly they gathered at the foot of the hill. Slowly they climbed up the hillside，taking care not to make a sound. Closer and closer they came to the sleeping Scots. They were almost at the top. A few minutes more，the war would be over. Suddenly，one of them put his foot on a thistle(蓟，一种植物). He cried out and his sudden cry woke the Scots. In a moment，they were on their feet and ready for battle. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots wiped out （消灭）the Romans and saved their country.
The thistle is not a beautiful plant. It has sharp needles all over it. Few people like it. But the people of Scotland liked it so much that they made it their national flower.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
Hundreds of years ago there was a war between ________.

A．Roman army and North England

B．Roman army and the Scots

C．England and Scots

D．a brave people and the Scots

At first it looked as if the Romans would win because ________.

A．the Scots were not brave

B．the Roman army was so strong

C．the Scots did not have a good leader

D．the Romans had the support from the Scottish

"We must win or we will die." What the leader of the Scots said means ________.

A．they were sure to win

B．they couldn't escape from death

C．they would win and then they would die

D．they must try hard to win, otherwise they would be killed

The Romans climbed up the hill quietly because ________.

A．they didn't want to wake the Scots

B．they wanted to reach the top

C．they wanted to catch the four guards first

D．they were afraid of the sharp needles of the thistle

The people of Scotland made thistle their national flower because ________.

A．it is a beautiful plant

B．it is fresh and lovely

C．it had so many sharp needles all over it

D．it was the thistle that helped the Scots to win the battle

American high schools have a dropout rate (辍学率) of up to 50%. There are many reasons for students leaving school:
● For two thirds of the dropouts, motivation (动力) is the problem. They can’t just work hard enough.
● Almost half of them said that they had missed so many classes that they could not follow any more.
● Many said that they were not ready well enough in their earlier school.
● For a third of them, getting a job is more important than finishing school.
High school dropouts have more problems in their future lives. They are more likely (可能的) to be out of work or live a poor life. There is also a big difference in income (收入) if you compare high school dropouts with graduates. A study shows Americans with a bachelor’s degree (学士学位) get about $50,000, those with a high school diploma about $28,000 and dropouts only about $20,000.
Many younger students do not understand the influence of dropping out of school. They often need better teachers, more lessons to get good grades in subjects and more help with learning problems. Some schools in America have changed this situation. Some schools offer evening classes or allow students to come back at a later age.
Some students think is more important than finishing school.

A．finding a job	B．dealing with problems
C．making much money	D．studying during work

The passage mainly tells us reasons that American high school students become dropouts.

A．3	B．4
C．5	D．6

We can learn that high school dropouts than graduates in America.

A．work harder

B．take more subjects

C．make less money

D．are faced with fewer problems

What do we know from the last paragraph (段落)?

A．Most of the dropouts can’t work hard enough.

B．American high schools haven’t changed the situation at all.

C．Dropping out of school doesn’t influence younger students’ future lives.

D．Some American schools allow the dropouts to come back again at a later age.

Saturday
Morning	Dad--clean the car in the garden Mum--clean the chicken and bedroom Amy--have dance lessons in the gym Rose--work on science projects in the library
Afternoon	Mum and Dad--buy some food at the supermarket Amy and Rose--pick up gifts and cards for grandpa .
Evening	Watch TV together
Sunday
Morning	Mum--make a big birthday cake Amy and and Rose --wrap grandpa’s gifts
Afternoon	Amy--help mum cook delicious food Rose--help dad decorate the sitting room
Evening	Amy and Rose --give gifts to grandpa The whole family--have a party

A．Saturday afternoon	B．Saturday evening
C．Sunday morning	D．Sunday evening

A．in the library	B．in the gym
C．at the supermarket	D．in the sitting room

A．wrap grandpa’s gifts	B．cook the food
C．have dance lessons	D．decorate the sitting room