Everyone knows that the Frenchmen are romantic, the Italians are fashionable and the Germans are serious．Are these just stereotypes or is there really such a thing as national character? And if there is, can it affect how a nation succeed or fail?
At least one group of people is certain that it can．A recent survey of the top 500 entrepreneurs （企业家） in the UK found that 70% felt that their efforts were not appreciated by the British public．Britain is hostile （敌意的） to success, they said．It has a culture of jealousy（嫉妒）．Jealousy is sometimes known as the “green – eyed monster” and the UK is its home．
Scientists at Warwich University in the UK recently tested this idea．They gathered a group of people together and gave each an imaginary amount of money． Those given a little were given the chance to destroy the large amount of money given to others – but at the cost of losing their own．Two thirds of the people tested agreed to do this．
．But there is also opposite evidence．The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development recently reported that the UK is now the world’s fourth largest economy．That is not bad for people who are supposed to hate success．People in the UK also work longer hours than anyone else in Europe．So the British people are not lazy, either．
“It is not really success that the British dislike,” says Carey Cooper, a professor of management at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology．“It’s people using their success in a way that seems proud or unfair or which separates them from their roots．” They set out to do things in their way．They work long hours．By their own efforts they become millionaires．
．It hardly seems worth following their example．If they were more friendly, people would like them more．And more people want to be like them．
| A．This seems to prove that the entrepreneurs were right to complain． |
| B．The one who owns most money in the end is the winner． |
| C．As a result, the survey said, entrepreneurs were “unloved, unwanted and misunderstood．” |
| D．It is not true that British people are born jealous of others` success． |
E．Some were given a little, others a great deal．
F．But instead of being happy they complain that nobody loves them．
G．Perhaps it is the entrepreneurs who are the problem．
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There was once a lonely girl who longed so much for love. One day while she was walking in the woods she found two starving birds._____ She cared them with love and the birds grew strong. Every morning they greeted her with a wonderful song. The girl felt the great love from the birds.
____. The larger and the stronger of the two birds flew from the cage. The girl was so frightened that he would fly away. As he flew close, she grasped him wildly. Her heart felt glad at her success in capturing him. __
______. She opened her hand and stared in horror at the dead bird. Her desperate love had killed him.
She noticed the other bird moving back and forth on the edge of the cage. She could feel his great need for freedom. He needed to fly into the clear, blue sky. ________. The bird circled once, twice, three times.
The girl watched delightedly at the bird’s enjoyment. __________ .She wanted the bird to be happy. Suddenly the bird flew closer and landed softly on her shoulder. It sang the sweetest songs that she had ever heard.
The fastest way to lose love is to hold on it too tight, while the best way to keep love is to give it wings!
| A．She gave them some delicious food and left. |
| B．Suddenly she felt the bird go softly. |
| C．Her heart was no longer concerned with her loss. |
| D．One day she left with the two birds at home alone. |
E.She took them home and put them in a small cage.
F.One day the girl left the door of the cage open.
G.She lifted him from the cage and threw him softly into the air.
| I think machine power is better than human power because we cannot survive without our daily used machines like bikes, coolers, computers, etc. |
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| Started on 14-Apr-2008 By Smith E-mail: rksscet12@yahoo.com |
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| Johnson 6-May-2008 |
Yes, it’s very clear that machine power is better than man power. But machine power has its limitations (局限). It cannot survive without electricity and manhandling. If it doesn’t have these two then it is completely useless. So man should not completely depend on machines. One more point is that because of the use of machines man has become lazy. This laziness has brought in many problems like obesity, arthritis (关节炎) and other health problems. But I am not saying that man should completely turn from machine power to man power. He should have a balance of both. Even I can’t think of life without a car, a computer and a cooler. |
| Sally 9-May-2008 |
Humans only created the machines. So, human power is greater than machine power. To do the things quickly we created the machines. But machines cannot think. That thinking power beats machine power. |
| Tina 17-May-2008 |
But without humans there is no value of any machine. If someone wants to use his machine perfectly then one must have expert labor or man power. |
| Tommy 19-May-2008 |
Hi to all, my opinion is that human power is more powerful than machine power, because human beings created the machines. Human brain works more compared to machines. |
| Mike 20-May-2008 |
I think human power is better than machine power because even if we travel on foot to near places the money will not be wasted and we can get exercise. |
Who agrees with Smith generally?
| A．Tommy. | B．Tina. | C．Sally. | D．Johnson. |
According to Johnson, man should ______.
| A．keep a balance between human power and machine power |
| B．completely depend on machine power |
| C．turn from machine power to man power completely |
| D．live a life without a car, a computer or a cooler |
Sally thinks that human power is better than machine power because ______.
| A．machines are useless without electricity |
| B．machine power can make people become lazy |
| C．machines can’t think like human beings |
| D．human brain can do things quickly |
Which of the following questions are the speakers talking about in the passage?
| A．Will machine power defeat human power? |
| B．Which is better, human power or machine power? |
| C．What limitations does machine power have? |
| D．Will machines think in the future? |
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The first chocolate was eaten by Mayan and Aztec people in Central and South America hundreds of years ago. _______ the cocoa bean was used to make a chocolate drink that the people enjoyed very much. Much later, the cocoa bean was brought across to Europe and people there also came to love the taste of chocolate.
_____ One of the items he sold was cocoa powder to make into drinks. In 1831, he opened a small factory to make cocoa powder from cocoa beans. John Cadbury believed that alcohol was an important cause of poverty and he wanted to encourage people to drink chocolate instead. A few years later a man called Joseph Fry invented a way to make chocolate bars, and so for the first time people had the chance to eat chocolate instead of only drinking it. At first, chocolate was a luxury and only the rich people could afford it. ___
___
______ Milk chocolate came later and this was made by adding milk of milk
powder to the chocolate. Cadbury’s introduced their first milk chocolate bar in 1879. Their most famous chocolate, Cadbury’s Milk Bar, was introduced in 1905. It has been a best seller in Britain and around the world for nearly 100 years.
The Cadbury factory is still in Birmingham and the chocolate produced there is eaten all over the world.
| A．Later, as more and more chocolate bars were produced and sold, it became cheaper. |
| B．John Cadbury wanted people to drink chocolate instead of alcohol. |
| C．However, at first only plain chocolate was produced. |
| D．Every year, thousands of visitors visit the factory to see how chocolate is made. |
E. In 1824, John Cadbury opened a small shop in Birmingham.
F. More and more chocolate was manufactured.
G. In those days, the people did not really eat chocolate;
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The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before.
But just as in face to face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when on line. . Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes.
For anything you’re about to send: ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” If the answer is no, rewrite and reread.
If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct (本能) is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so. If it was caused by a disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.
Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to do or how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it’s a stupid question or an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it’s a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Even if you feel strongly about it, think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn’t give you license to correct everyone else.
At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended（冒犯）.
It is not polite to ask others personal questions such as their age, sex and marital status. Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions.
| A．It’s natural that there are some people who speak rudely or make mistakes online. |
| B．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face. |
| C．Everyone was new to the network once. |
| D．The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to be treated. |
E. When you send short messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful to hear.
F. You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages.
G. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.
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Active listening is an essential skill in learning. It is when you listen carefully to make sure you understand and learn the information that is being conveyed. Here are some things which can help you to listen actively.
◆ . Don’t just write everything down. Listen carefully and make sure you understand what the purpose of this lecture is. As you take down notes, keep the main point in mind and make sure you understand how these notes are related.
◆Listen for an organizational structure. Listen carefully to figure out how the ideas are organized and they will make more sense.
◆Pay attention to organizational cues (暗示). Pay close attention to the introduction, as it will probably show how you should organize your notes. If the lecture begins with, “Today I’m going to talk about three ethnic conflicts (种族冲突) in the Middle East,” then you have a good idea of what’s going to follow. Listen for “signpost” words to show a transition (过渡) from one point to the next, such as “next” and “finally” and numerical signposts like “first” or “third”.
◆Listen with your eyes. Watch the teacher and be aware of how he or she uses hand gestures, eye contact and other body language to convey points.
◆Remove distractions. Put away the campus newspaper, your cell phone and anything else that might be more interesting than the lecturer.
Learning to concentrate and listen actively is an endurance（耐力） skill.
| A．Speakers communicate information through nonverbal communication. |
| B．Unfortunately, many students don’t know how to listen actively when they attend classes. |
| C．If your teacher indicates that something is important, mark it. |
| D．Make yourself do it, and it will get easier over time. |
E. Listen carefully for words and phrases that reflect the organizational structure of the lecture.
F. Your teachers’ notes are probably organized into some kind of outline.
G. Listen for the main point and major sub-points.