Can eating a chocolate bar every day really prevent age-related memory loss? No. But a new research shows that large amounts of flavones, substances found in cocoa, tea and some kinds of vegetables, may improve age-related memory failure.
Dr. Scott Small is a professor of neurology at Columbia University in new York City He is the lead writer of a research paper describing the effects of cocoa flavones on brain activity His study involved 37 volunteers aged between 50 and 69. Researchers gave them a high-level flavones drink made from cocoa beans or a low-level flavones drink. For a period of three months, some subjects got 900 milligrams of flavones a day. The others got 10 milligrams of flavones each day. Brain imaging and memory tests were given to each study subject before and after the study Dr. Small says that the subjects who had the high-level flavones drink showed much improvement on memorytests.
The researchers warn that more work is needed to be done because this study was performed only on a small group. Dr. Joann Manson is the lead researcher of a four .year study involving 18,000 adults. This study will use flavones capsules(胶囊) The study subjects will be divided into two groups and will take two pills per day. The capsules used will all Look the same. But one group's capsules will contain flavones, while the other group will take capsules made of an inactive substance, or placebo
Dr. Manson says it's not necessary for people to start eating more chocolate, because 3 person would have to eat a huge amount of chocolate to get the same level of flavones given to the Lest subjects. He adds many manufacturers have planned to remove the flavones from their chocolate products. Similarity, Dr. says a cocoa-based flavones extract（提取）may be developed in the future But he says that more studies are needed to see how much flavones is good for our healthWhat was done to the subjects alter Dr. Small's study?
| A．They were asked to take a high-level flavones drink |
| B． They were given capsules containing flavones |
| C． They were given brain imaging and memory tests |
| D． They were asked to take two pills of flavones capsules per day |
What's the similarity of the 2 experiments?
| A．Both use high-level flavones capsules |
| B．The number of the subjects is the same |
| C．Drinks and placebos are used in both experiments |
| D．The subjects are divided into two groups in both experiments |
Why will Dr. Manson carry out the four-year study?
| A．To prove the first experiment is wrong |
| B．To carry out the experiment further |
| C．To test how much flavones can improve our memory. |
| D．To show eating chocolate is better to improve memory. |
What can we learn from the last paragraph?
| A．It's not necessary for us to eat chocolate |
| B．The more we eat flavones, the better our health will be |
| C．In the future we can get flavones without eating chocolate |
| D． It's easy for people to get the same level of flavones given to the test subjects |
Live the “American Dream”
What is it: Work & Travel USA
Who are qualified: Fulltime college students, above 18 years old
About the program: Application for the 2009 Work & Travel USA program has just started. It's an 8～16 weeks' summer program for college students to work and travel in the U．S.. Employers include Boeing, Hilton Hotel and 7Eleven. For next summer, about 3,500 positions are open to Chinese students. Applicants must pass a language test and sometimes an interview, and pay a registration fee to join the program.
(Source: www. Cultureexchange. org)
Hundreds needed by Volkswagen
What is it: Shanghai Volkswagen jobs
Who are qualified: College students graduating in 2009
About it: Shanghai VW offers over 300 positions from engineering to marketing to college students graduating in 2009. Applicants should have an excellent academic record, CET6 or the same level language certificate in German, and good computer skills. Campus talks will take place in Shanghai, Changchun, Harbin, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanjing, Beijing and Xi'an from October.
(source: campus chinahr. com/2009/pages/csvw)
Xiaonei looking for graduates
What is it: Oak Pacific Interactive (OPI) internships (实习)
Who are qualified: College juniors and firstyear postgraduate students
About it: OPI is now offering internship positions for test engineer, development engineer and assistant to the director of corporate culture. For engineering positions, candidates should major in computer science or a related field, have communication ability and be familiar with various development languages. For assistant to the director positions, candidates should be adept in document writing, activities organizing and office software.
(source: campus. xiaonei. com)These advertisements are most probably advertisements ________.
| A．on the Internet intended for college students to read |
| B．in a newspaper intended for large companies to read |
| C．on the Internet intended for the general public to read |
| D．in a newspaper intended for college students to read |
The opportunity of ________ is offered only to college students graduating in 2009.
| A．working in America |
| B．traveling in America |
| C．OPI internship |
| D．positions in VW |
If you want to apply for assistant to the director positions you must ________.
| A．study computer science |
| B．be good at document writing |
| C．have communication ability |
| D．be familiar with various languages |
Last fall，beekeepers from states with warm climates began to report a sudden loss of honey bees.Losses were reported in twentyfour states and spread to Canada.Today，some beekeepers say thirty percent to ninety percent of their honey bees are gone.Food price could go up as a result.And some beekeeping businesses have failed.
Many kinds of plants，trees and grasses need bees to pollinate them.Bees gather nectar from flowers during this process.The liquid gives them food and material to make honey.As the bees land on flowers，their bodies pick up and drop off particles of pollen(花粉)．Most flowering plants need pollination to reproduce.
Honey bees can die during the winter.But few dead bees have been found this time.Instead，the bees seem to have disappeared.Experts call the condition “colony collapse disorder”．
Agriculture Department official Caird Rexroad said the colony collapse disorder threatens about fifteen billion dollars worth of the country's farm economy.Mr.Rexroad commented at a hearing of a House of Representatives agriculture subcommittee.
Mr.Rexroad said the cause of the sudden loss of bees was not clear.The number of honey bees had already fallen before the colony collapse disorder began.
Experts say the varroa mite is at least partly responsible for the earlier decrease in honey bees.The mite is a tiny creature that feeds on honey bees.It may play a part in colony collapse disorder by carrying bee viruses.Or the problem may be caused by other disease and weather conditions.
Diana CoxFoster of Pennsylvania State University is part of the scientific group.Ms.CoxFoster says the nation needs honey bees that can defend themselves better against disease and insects.The recent mapping of most of the honey bees' genes offers the hope of a stronger honey bee some day.Some people have failed in beekeeping businesses because ________.
| A．they want to make more money by doing something else |
| B．the climates were too warm to raise bees last fall |
| C．too many bees have disappeared for no reason |
| D．more and more people are beginning to raise bees |
Which of the following statements is TRUE according to this passage?
| A．It is normal that some bees die in the cold season. |
| B．The plants can't live without bees at all. |
| C．Many bees have died because of the bad weather. |
| D．Researchers have found the reason of the death of bees. |
The passage is mainly to tell us that ________.
| A．the honey bees are important to plants，trees and grasses |
| B．many Americans are surprised at the loss of honey bees |
| C．strong honey bees are in great need in America |
| D．something has happened to American honey bees |
Outside her shabby cottage，old Mrs. Tailor was hanging out laundry on a wire line，unaware that some children lay hidden in the leaves of a nearby tree watching her every move. They were determined to find out if she really was a witch.
They watched as she took a broomstick to clean the dirt from her stone steps.But，much to their disappointment，she did not mount the broomstick and take flight.Suddenly，the old lady's work was interrupted by the cackling of her hen－a signal that an egg had been laid in the warm nest on top of the haystack.
The old broomstick was put aside as she hobbled off towards the haystack followed by Sooty，a black cat she had rescued from a fox trap some time back.With only three legs，it was hard for Sooty to keep up with the old lady.The cat provided proof－ the children were sure that only a witch would own a black cat with three legs.
There，standing on a wooden box，was Mrs.Tailor，stretching out to gather her precious egg.Taking the egg in one of her hands，she began to climb down when，without warning，the box broke and the old lady fell.
“We have to go and help her，”whispered Amy.
“What if it is a trick？” replied Ben.
“Don't be silly，Ben.If she were a witch，she would have turned us into frogs already，” reasoned Meg.“Come on Amy，let's go.”The girls climbed down the tree and ran all the way to the haystack.
Approaching carefully，they could see a wound on the old lady's face.She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken.“Go and get Dad，” Amy yelled to her brother.“Tell him about the accident.”
The boys did not need another excuse to leave.They ran as fast as they could for help，hoping that Mrs.Tailor would not wake and turn the girls into frogs.Why were the children hiding in the tree?
| A．They wanted to watch Mrs.Tailor do her housework closely. |
| B．They were playing a hideandseek game. |
| C．They wanted to find out if the rumors about Mrs.Tailor were true. |
| D．They were pretending to be spies. |
Mrs.Tailor stopped sweeping when________.
| A．her front steps were clean |
| B．she noticed the children in the tree |
| C．she was ready to take a flight |
| D．she heard the hen cackling |
Ben did not rush to help Mrs.Tailor because________.
| A．he thought that she could be tricking them |
| B．he knew that they should not have been in the tree |
| C．he did not see the old lady fall down |
| D．he was afraid of the threelegged cat |
Which of these old sayings best suits the story's lesson for us?
| A．Make hay while the sun shines. |
| B．Never judge a book by its cover. |
| C．People in glasshouses should not throw stones. |
| D．A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. |
Rachel Carson，a wellknown nature author in America，was happiest writing about the strength and stability of natural systems.Her books mainly described the inter connectedness of nature and all living things.
Completing Silent Spring took Carson four years.First published in The New Yorker in June 1962，the book alarmed readers across America.It described how DDT entered the food chain and accumulated (堆积) in the fatty tissues of animals，including human beings，and caused cancer and genetic damage.
Carson begins by describing exactly these effects in the first chapter，creating strong images and drawing the readers in.As the book continues，she gives various examples of how insecticides(杀虫剂) are not only unsuccessful，but actually very costly and damaging.She also explains about the biological controls which are less expensive and much more efficient.
A single application on a crop，she wrote，killed insects for weeks and months，and not only the targeted insects but countless more，and remained poisonous in the environment even after it was washed out by rainwater.Carson concluded that DDT and other pesticides had definitely harmed birds and animals and had destroyed the entire world's food supply.The book's most famous chapter，A Fable for Tomorrow，described a nameless American town where all life—from fish to birds to apple blossoms to human children—had been “silenced” by the harmful effects of DDT.
The most important effect of Silent Spring，though，was a new public awareness that nature was so easily destroyed by human intervention(干预)．Rachel Carson had made a brave proposal：that，at times，technological progress is so basically at odds with(与……不一致) natural processes that it must be prevented.
What are Rachel Carson's books mainly concerned about?
| A．The relationship between man and nature. |
| B．The balance of natural systems. |
| C．The interconnection of nature and living things. |
| D．The pollution of the environment. |
According to the text，Silent Spring________.
| A．didn't draw the readers' attention when first published |
| B．mainly describes people's quiet lives in an American town |
| C．effectively tells people how to keep the balance of nature |
| D．showed the harmful effects of DDT on nature |
Rachel Carson thinks that the more efficient way to kill insects is to use ________.
| A．DDT |
| B．human controls |
| C．biological controls |
| D．technical progress |
The publication of Silent Spring makes people ________.
| A．understand the author's outstanding writing talent |
| B．realize the importance of technical progress |
| C．aware of the necessity of environmental protection |
| D．rethink the harmful effects of developing industry |
One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit one's mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that，”and it is even harder to say，“I was wrong，and you were right about that.”
I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up，and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons (箱子)．Then he related an incident and I began to remember clearly the incident he was describing.
I was about eight years old at the time，and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that day，I must have found my way to the dairy (乳品的) food department where the incident took place.
There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and halfdozen cartons. The cartons were stacked(堆放) three or four feet high.I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason，I decided it was up to me to put the display back together，so I went to work.
The manager heard the noise and came rushing over to see what had happened.When he appeared，I was on my knees examining some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken，but to him it looked as though I was the criminal.He severely scolded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs.I protested(抗议)my innocence and tried to explain，but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident，obviously the manager did not.The author was ________ when he wrote this article.
| A．about 8 | B．about 18 |
| C．about 23 | D．about 15 |
Who should have been blamed for knocking off the stacks of cartons?
| A．The author. | B．The manager. |
| C．The woman. | D．The author's mother. |
When the manager scolded him，the author ________.
| A．was frightened and cried |
| B．felt the manager was right |
| C．did not say anything |
| D．tried to explain |
It can be inferred that the author ________.
| A．regrets arguing with the manager for what he didn't do |
| B．has forgiven the manager for what he did to him fifteen years ago |
| C．would like to tell people never to be fooled by an egg sale |
| D．expects the woman to say sorry to him for the mistake she made |