Recently American researchers suggested people on Wednesday to take more vitamin D to lower risk of cancer, saying studies showed a clear link. “Our suggestion is for people to increase their intake , through diet or a vitamin supplement,” Dr. Cedric Garland said in a telephone interview.
Garland's research team reviewed 63 studies, including several large long-term ones, on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004. “There's nothing that has this ability to prevent cancer,” he said, urging governments and public health officials to do more to fortify (增强) foods with vitamin D. Garland is part of a University of California at San Diego Moores Cancer Center team that published its findings this week online in the American Journal of Public Health. Vitamin D is found in milk, as well as in some fortified orange juice, yogurt and cheeses, usually at around 100 international units（IU）a serving. “People might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their intake to 1000 IUs per day” Garland said， adding that it was well within the safety guidelines established by the National Academy of Sciences.
The authors said that taking more vitamin D could be particularly important for people living in northern areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunshine.
“African Americans, who don't produce as much of the vitamin because of their skin colour, could also benefit significantly from a higher intake,” the authors said.The underlined word in the first paragraph probably means _____.
| A．income | B．digest | C．drown | D．uptake |
Who can Garland probably be?
| A．A public health official | B．A scientist |
| C． A health researcher | D．A doctor |
According to the passage, people are advised to take more Vitamin D, because__.
| A．t is not taken enough every day |
| B．it is nutritious |
| C．it can’t harm people’s health |
| D．it can lower cancer risk |
Which of the following food can lower people’s chance of getting cancer?
| A．Milk |
| B．Fortified orange juice |
| C．Fortified yogurt |
| D．All of the above |
People from which area should take more Vitamin D according to the passage?
| A．American people | B．African people |
| C．Asian people | D．European people |
The Yungang Grottoes(石窟) is facing a life or death situation. The Website efaw.cn reported that Yungang Grottoes, located on the southern foot of Wuzhou Hill, 16 kilometers west of Datong in Shanxi Province, has been severely damaged by human activities and natural influences. “If we do not take action, the grottoes will be gone forever,” a researcher from the Yungang Grottoes Research Institute said.
The grotto complex(联合体) is composed of more than 51,000 Buddhist statues, ranging from 3 centimeters to 17 meters in height. Most of them were constructed during the Wei Dynasty in the mid-fifth century.
“Water penetration(渗透) is a major natural destroyer of the grottoes”, said Director Yuan Jinghu. With the downpours directly washing their bodies, and the accumulated(积聚的) water eating out their basements, the statues suffer the most in July, August and September, when large quantities of rainfall hit the region.
But weather is not the only source of the damage. Datong, the city where the statues sit, is a longtime industrial city famous for its coal production. The floating coal dust, mixed with the sulfur dioxide(二氧化硫) produced from coal burning, is another murder. Although the government has spent over one hundred million yuan for the construction of a new coal transport route far from the Yungang Grottoes and a large annual sum to maintain the grottoes, there is still another threat, in the form of increasing numbers of tourists.
“Besides the intentional damages, such as littering and touching or improper climbing, the carbon dioxide that humans breathe out is also harmful to the statues,” the director said. Yuan is concerned for the future of the statues, and said that as humans, visitors should understand and respect the statues’ importance. The statues have lives like human beings, and if we protect them, they will live. If not, they will die, and later generations will never have the chance to take a look at such glorious art.
The text is mainly about ________.
| A．the history of Yungang Grottoes |
| B．the ways to protect Yungang Grottoes |
| C．the situation of Yungang Grottoes |
| D．the importance of Yungang Grottoes |
How many causes of the damage to Yungang Grottoes are mentioned in the text?
| A．2 | B．3 | C．4 | D．5 |
All of the following may contribute to the damage of Yungang Grottoes EXCEPT______.
| A．touching too much | B．throwing rubbish there |
| C．improper climbing | D．taking photos of the statues |
What can be inferred from this text?
| A．Many people want to destroy the grottoes in Yungang completely. |
| B．The government has taken measures to protect Yungang Grottoes. |
| C．The grottoes in Yungang will disappear forever on the earth soon. |
| D．No people will be allowed to visit Yungang Grottoes in the future. |
Which of the following statements would the writer probably agree with?
| A．The tallest Buddihist statue in Yungang Grottoes is 17 meters high. |
| B．All the statues in Yungang Grottoes were built in the Wei Dynasty. |
| C．The statues will suffer the most in winter because of coal production. |
| D．There are at most 51,000 Buddhist statues in all in Yungang Grottoes. |
Few people would question the value of taking part in sportsfor young people. With proper training, supervision, protectiveequipment and techniques, and a proper emphasis on winning, sports can develop a healthy body and spirit and a life-long interestin being active and fit. Without such measures, childhood sports canlead to injuries and even paralysis or death.
Even in the best conditions, no activity can be risk-free. Butmost serioushazardsare preventable. Cyclists and football playerscan reduce their risks by wearing helmets ； hockey players by wearing masks ； basketball and tennis players by wearing eye guards ；baseball players by wearing batting helmets.
Besides, risks to individual players can often be found, andthus prevented, through a properly performed medical exam before achild plays. For accidents that may not be preventable, having anemergency plan and first-aid equipment, and someone trained to usethe equipment, can be lifesaving.
Still, each year, according to the American College of SportsMedicine, more than 775，000 children under 14 are treated inemergency rooms for sports injuries, nearly half of them preventable. An estimated 300，000 athletes experience exercise-relatedhead illnesses each year, and almost all of them should have been avoided.
Further, from half to three-fourths of sports-related concussions(脑震荡）are never even diagnosed ；the injured are often sent backto play too soon and put at risk of another more serious brain-damaging concussion. To help reduce these risks, the National Center forSports Safety, with the National Athletic Trainers' Association, offersa three-hour online safety course for coaches for 28 at www. SportsSafety.org. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．All the accidents can be prevented. |
| B．All the accidents cannot be prevented. |
| C．Lives can be saved so long as there is proper equipment. |
| D．Lives cannot be saved even if there is proper equipment. |
What does the underlined word "hazards " (in Paragraph 2 )mean?
| A．Mistakes. | B．Diseases. |
| C．Dangers. | D．Situations. |
It is implied in the passage that __________.
| A．prevention of injuries is not paid enough attention to |
| B．children under 14 are more easily hurt in sports |
| C．most head illnesses are related with exercise |
| D．none of the head illnesses should have happened |
What can coaches mainly learn from the online safety course?
| A．How to cure brain-damaging concussion. |
| B．How to diagnose brain-damaging concussion. |
| C．How to predict the possibility of brain damage. |
| D．How to deal with the injured properly. |
Academy Awards The Academy Awards are the most prominent film award in the United States. The Awards are granted bythe Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Academy Awardsare nicknamed " Oscars " ，which is also the nickname of the statuette(小雕像）. The name is said to have been born in 1931 when Margaret Herrick saw the statuette on a table and said：" It looks justlike my uncle Oscar!"
Berlin Film Festival One of the “A " festivals in Europe. TheBerlin International Film Festival, also called the " Berlinale " ，is heldannually in February and started in 1951 after an initiative of theAmerican, who occupied part of the city after World War II. The jury(评奖团）always placed special emphasis on representing films fromall over the world, from the former Eastern Bloc Countries(东方阵营）as well as from Western countries. The awards are called Golden andSilver Bears (as the bear is the symbol of Berlin).
Venice Film Festival The Venice Film Festival takes placeevery year in late August/early September on the Lido in the historic Palazzo del Cinema, in Venice, Italy since 1932； its main award isthe" Lion d, Or " ( Golden Lion). Recently, a new award has beenadded, the San Marco Award for the best film.
Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Film Festival is a famousinternational film festival. It has been held annually in Cannes, inthe south of France, since 1946 with a few exceptions. Given massive media exposure, the Festival is attended by many movie starsand is a popular venue for movie producers to launch their newfilms and attempt to sell their works to the distributors who comefrom all over the globe.
The most famous award given out at Cannes is the " PalmedOr " ( Golden Palm) for the best film ；this is sometimes shared bymultiple films in one year. Which award can be shared by multiple films in one year?
| A．Golden Lion. | B．Golden Palm. |
| C．Academy Awards. | D．San Marco Award. |
Which of the following statements about “Oscars " is not true?
| A．It's the nickname of Academy Awards. |
| B．It's also the nickname of the statuette. |
| C．It got its name because Margaret said the statuette lookedlike her uncle. |
| D．It's an award in France. |
Which award has the shortest history?
| A．Golden Lion. | B．Golden Palm. |
| C．Academy Awards. | D．San Marco Award. |
Why is the award for Berlin Film Festival called " Golden andSilver Bears " ？
| A．It looks like a bear. |
| B．It is made up of bear fur. |
| C．The bear is the symbol of Berlin. |
| D．Bears are rare in Berlin. |
In recent years many countries have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts believe that the answer is to make jobs more varied. Do more variedjobs lead to greater productivity? There is something to suggest thatwhile variety certainly makes the worker's life more enjoyable, itdoes not make him work harder. So variety is not important.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his jobin his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given inthe modern factory with its complicated machinery which must beused in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is very little that can be done to achieve this.
Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the workersees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are saidto be experimenting with having many small production lines ratherthan a large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem then that the degree ofworkers' contribution is important.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?The workers themselves certainly think this is important, but perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is soboring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similarargument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps ifcompanies succeed in making workers' jobs more interesting, theywill neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be soimportant to them. Which of the following things will not increase productivity?
| A．Making jobs more varied. |
| B．Giving workers freedom to do their jobs in their own way. |
| C．Increasing workers' contribution to production. |
| D．Longer working hours. |
The last sentence in this passage means that if companiesmanage to make workers, jobs more interesting, __________.
| A．they will want more money |
| B．they will demand shorter working hours |
| C．more money and shorter working hours are important |
| D．more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them |
In this passage, the writer tells us __________.
| A．how to make workers more productive |
| B．possible factors leading to greater productivity |
| C．more money leads to greater productivity |
| D．how to make workers' jobs more interesting |
The writer of this passage is probably a __________.
A. teacherB. worker
C. managerD, physicist
Do you know about a series of books that say they are fordummies? These American self-help books have been translated intomore than thirty-nine languages including Chinese, Arabic, Russian, French, German, Greek and Spanish.
“Dummy " is a word for a stupid person. The dummy books arenot really for stupid people. They are designed to show people howto do something they may never have tried before, like painting ahouse or learning a language. The books all say in a funny way thatthey are for dummies, such as World History for Dummies, Rabbitsfor Dummies, Chinese Cooking for Dummies, and Wedding Planningfor Dummies. The first such book, DOS for Dummies, was publishedin 1991. It helped people learn how to use the DOS operating system for computers. Since then, more than one hundred and fiftymillion dummy books have been sold.
The dummies, com website explains the idea behind the books. It says that they show that people can be taught to do anything. Firstthey can make fun of ideas that are difficult to understand. Thenthey show how the information can be interesting and easy. Thepublishers say that the books do not provide more information thannecessary. They give readers just enough information to do whatthey want. They say that the dummy books give the best and easiestway to do something. And the books use simple and easy language.
There are more than one thousand different dummy books. Areport in New York Times says that the top-selling dummy books arethose that explain technology and personal finance.
The publishers say that the best-selling dummy books are thoseproviding information many people need—like information aboutdiseases, education and cooking. People interested in opera, car re-pair and wine can also find dummy books to help them. And thereare even more dummy books to come. The publishers say that theypublish about two hundred new dummy books every year. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
| A．Books for Dummies |
| B．The Easiest, the Best |
| C．Books for Stupid People |
| D．New Ideas behind the Books |
According to the dummies, com website, people can __________ withthe help of dummy books.
| A．do some personal things |
| B．learn any foreign language |
| C．become expert in cooking |
| D．do anything they want |
The dummy books have been popular because __________.
| A．they provide just what is needed and are easy to understand |
| B．they provide abundant information on the concerning subject |
| C．people can learn to do anything with just one copy |
| D．people can save lots of money through self-teaching |
According to New York Times, we know that books on __________ sell best.
| A．diseases and education |
| B．opera and car repairing |
| C．technology and personal finance |
| D．cooking and world history |