If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect interest in romance among the artists. , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people’s earned to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.
In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more in people’s lives. The is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.
Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.
First Impression
To help determine the of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each other’s individuality. Then students were asked to what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.
As it turned out, their judgments often held true. Students seemed to at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.
The Knows
Scientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromones — natural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.
Face Value
Being fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we attractiveness seem to be somewhat automatic.
When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.
A．Instead B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Otherwise
A．romantic B．stressful C．central D．artificial
A．priority B．proof C．possibility D．principle
A．tested B．impressed C．changed D．created
A．appearances B．virtues C．similarities D．passions
A．illustrations B．implications C．ingredients D．intentions
A．predict B．investigate C．diagnose D．recall
A．critical B．initial C．random D．mature
A．memorize B．distinguish C．negotiate D．question
A．Nose B．Eye C．Heart D．Hand
A．open B．alert C．resistant D．superior
A．disappointed B．amazed C．confused D．gifted
A．emotion B．attractiveness C．individuality D．signals
A．enhance B．possess C．maintain D．assess
A．familiar B．plain C．positive D．irritating
第二部分：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I came to study in the US last fall. My life had been 36 since I arrived at Andover. Although I had several outside-class activities, I hadn’t taken any official leadership position.
This 37 changed when I received an e-mail from Ms Griffith, my cluster(一组，一群) dean(主任), 38 that a new female DC Rep was needed. DC Rep 39 Discipline Committee Representative. 40 boarding school(寄宿学校) students break serious rules, like using 41 , getting drunk or cheating in their studies. The punishments given to such students are 42 by a DC Rep, a house adviser, two student representatives, the cluster president and the cluster dean. I was interested in becoming a DC Rep for my cluster, Pine Knoll, 43 so were other students. We had to hold an election and Ms Griffith asked us to write 44 to be sent to everyone in Pine Knoll.
I thought hard about what to write. I didn’t want to make any 45 , because they are difficult to keep. So I started my speech by explaining 46 I wanted to become a DC Rep. “ I want to serve Pine Knoll and also learn how American boarding schools carry out discipline,” I wrote 47 .
I made three 48 that said, “ Vote For Teresa” and put them on every exit of my dorm(宿舍) so that people would 49 my name when they went to vote.
Although I tried hard, I didn’t win the election. I was 50 , but my positive(乐观的) nature did not allow me to 51 for very long. I actually 52 when my friends tried to 53 me, “Teresa, I am sorry.”
“Don’t be sorry for me. I’m very happy to have taken part in the election,” I said.
It is true that the process is much more important than the 54 . I am surprised and happy to 55 my hidden courage.
36. A. hard B. terrible C. happy D. simple
37. A. condition B. situation C. time D. life
38. A. explaining B. writing C. saying D. talking
39. A. stands for B. asks for C. calls for D. looks for
40. A. Usually B. Sometimes C. Often D. Seldom
41. A. computers B. drugs C. cars D. mobiles
42. A. realized B. given C. determined D. made
43. A. but B. although C. or D. therefore
44. A. articles B. speeches C. compositions D. introductions
45. A. mistakes B. movements C. promises D. requests
46. A. how B. whether C. when D. why
47. A. openly B. easily C. fluently D. honestly
48. A. posters B. advertisements C. pictures D. rules
49. A. recognize B. remember C. forget D. see
50. A. satisfied B. surprised C. disappointed D. helpless
51. A. put down B. feel down C. look down D. lie down
52. A. smiled B. cried C. laughed D. sorrowed
53. A. encourage B. cheer C. comfort D. persuade
54. A. reason B. attitude C. result D. aim
55. A. know B. find C. invent D. discover
第二节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
For much of our life, my mother and I hated each other. I spent most of my childhood 36 with her – or trying to avoid her, as well as her bitterness, unhappiness and endless smoking. I learned how to defend myself with 37 designed to hurt her. In turn, she vowed I would have a 38 who would feel the way about me that I felt about her.
Many years later when my husband and I decided to have a child, I was 39 to have a girl. I couldn’t 40 the though of a daughter who might not love me – or who would want to 41 me. As soon as I became pregnant, I was convinced I was having a boy. In the delivery room, on my doctor putting my baby into my arms, I couldn’t wait to tell my mother I had a 42 , while “he” was a girl. At that moment, I couldn’t imagine wanting anyone but her.
43 I couldn’t forget my mother’s teasing vow, even after she died and I saw her in a more 44 light. As my daughter got older, whenever we argued, I worried we were 45 the same awful path that my mother and I had gone down.
Last summer, my daughter 46 18, the same age when my mother threw me out of her apartment for 47 . However, I was with her, planning for her first year at college. When my husband and I dropped her off at her school in New York, I finally 48 to her my biggest fear that we would end up like me and my mother. “That will never happen.” she 49 me, kissing me goodbye. Six weeks later, my husband and I returned to the campus. I 50 myself arguing with my daughter about her messy room, not using the library and her mistake of choosing the room near the bathroom. I couldn’t stop myself. And then 51 came: “You’re just like your mother,” my daughter screamed. “I hate you.” And then she 52 .
I finally heard the words I had always dreaded. But maybe that was because I 53 them. I had always worried the bond I shared with my daughter would 54 . later that evening, we picked my daughter up to a restaurant. We ate 55 . But when we separated, I hugged her. The next morning, she called telling she loved me. There wasn’t anything to be afraid of anymore. There was just a relationship we should work on with each other.
36．A．sharing B．playing C．communicating D．fighting
37．A．actions B．activities C．words D．weapons
38．A．husband B．friend C．child D．daughter
39．A．afraidB．unlucky C．uncertain D．willing
40．A．have B．bear C．hold D．afford
41．A．love B．escape from C．obey D．keep from
42．A．daughter B．son C．baby D．life
43．A．Furthermore B．But C．AndD．Or
44．A．bright B．annoying C．understanding D．unfriendly
45．A．on B．in C．at D．along
46．A． became B．grew C．went D．turned
47．A．good B．nothing C．my good D．all
48．A．presented B．told C．admitted D．informed
49．A．promised B．pardoned C．referred D．reflected
50．A．wanted B．asked C．forced D．found
51．A．it B．she C．they D．that
52．A．walked away B．looked away C．gave away D．stormed away
53．A．deserved B．demanded C．equaled D．appreciated
54．A．tear B．break C．crash D．last
55．A．in vain B．in general C．in silence D．in brief
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
School was over and I felt quite tired. I sat at the very __36__ of the crowded bus because of my anxiety to get home. Sitting there makes me __37__ out like a shiny coin in a pile of dull pennies.
Janie, the __38__ , tries to break the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of __39__ . I tried to mind my manners and __40__ listen, but usually I am too busy thinking about my day. On this day, __41__ , her conversation was worth listening to.
“My father’s sick,” she said to no one in __42__ . I could see the anxiety and fear in her eyes. “What’s wrong with him?” I asked. With her eyes wet and her voice tight from __43__ the tears, she answered, “Heart trouble.” Her eyes __44__ as she continued. “I’ve already lost my mum, so I don’t think I can stand losing him.”
I was __45__ . My heart ached for her. And this reminded me of the great __46__ that my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and __47__ is, for her. I wouldn’t like anyone to __48__ that.
Suddenly I realized Janie wasn’t only a bus driver. That was __49__ her job. She had a whole world of __50__ and concerns, too. I suddenly felt very selfish. I realized I had only thought of people as __51__ as what their purposes were in my life. I paid no attention to Janie __52__ she was a bus driver. I had __53__ her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.
For all I know, I’m just another person in __54__ else’s world, and may not even be __55__ . I should not have been so selfish and self-centered. Everyone has places to go, people to see and appointment to keep. Understanding people is an art.
36. A. front B. end C. side D. middle
37. A. find B. take C. think D. stand
38. A. doctor B. driver C. teacher D. assistant
39. A. fire B. topic C. conversation D. discussion
40. A. politely B. slightly C. carelessly D. partly
41. A. however B. therefore C. instead D. otherwise
42. A. surprise B. particular C. silence D. purpose
43. A. fighting B. turning C. clearing D. protecting
44. A. opened B. shone C. closed D. lowered
45. A. recognized B. worried C. shocked D. excited
46. A. victory B. pain C. respect D. disappointment
47. A. away B. seldom C. still D. never
48. A. pick up B. work out C. go though D. get down
49. A. almost B. nearly C. ever D. just
50. A. family B. factory C. school D. friend
51. A far B. long C. much D. well
52. A. while B. because C. though D. until
53. A. criticized B. received C. considered D. judged
54. A. everyone B. anyone C. someone D. nobody
55. A. happy B. wise C. useful D. important
My parents operated a small restaurant in Seattle. It was open twenty-four hours a day, six days a week. And my first real job，when I was six years old，wasthe diners’ shoes. My father had done it when he was young，so he taught me
to do it efficiently，telling me to
to Re-shine the shoes if the customer wasn’t
.
Working in the restaurant was a cause of greatbecause I was also working for the good of the family. But my father
that I had to meet certain standards to be part of the team. I
to be punctual，hard-working，and polite to the
.
I waspaid for the work I did at the restaurant. One day I made the mistake of advising Dad that he
give me $10 a week. He said，“OK. How about you paying me for three meals a day you have here? And
the times you bring in your friends for free soft drinks?” He
I owed him about $40 a week.
I remember returning to Seattle after beingin the US Army for about two years. I had just been promoted to Captain at that time. And full of pride，I walked into my parents’ restaurant，but the
thing Dad said was，“How about your
up tonight?” I couldn’t
my ears! I am an officer in the Army! But it didn’t
as far as Dad was concerned，I was just
member of the team. I reached for the mop. Working for Dad has taught me the devotion to a
is above all. It has nothing to do with
that team is involved in a family restaurant or the US Army.
A．cleaning
shining C．removing D．keepingA．why
what C．when D．howA．offer
refuse C．love D．learnA．interested
annoyed C．relaxed D．satisfiedA．fun
pride C．trouble D．effortA．got it right
kept it a rule C．made it clear D．took it for grantedA．had
tended C．hated D．managedA．family
workers C．customers D．friendsA．never
always C．seldom D．everA．must
should C．might D．couldA．at
before C．around D．forA．worked out
found out C．put out D．thought outA．alone
away C．outside D．off
A．usual
last C．next D．firstA．washing
taking C．cleaning D．movingA．ignore
follow C．believe D．understandA．happen
care C．go D．matterA．no
other C．some D．anotherA．team
family C．leader D．restaurantA．why
whether C．when D．how
.
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中
Teaching second grade is always a challenge. Each student arrives at school with his own needs and difficulties. One year，a student called Billy 31 me with his behavior as well as his academic requirements. He struggled daily with his 32 emotions and often became angry or violent. I knew that, to make 33 progress, his emotions needed controlling.
One 34 I tried to help Billy was to have him come directly into the classroom when he arrived at school. Billy’s mom would 35 me to alert (警告) me to a particularly emotional morning at home. Then, I would focus on 36 his anger and calming him down before the other students arrived.
One week our class was studying 37 . I thought one way to bring learning into the classroom was to bring my dog Rocky to school for the day.
That day began as normal. I was preparing activities focused on dog themes 38 I was told that Billy had a 39 morning at home and I might need to get him 40 . As I was talking to his mom, Billy 41 into the classroom. To Billy’s 42 , Rocky immediately ran up to his new 43 , wagging his tail and licking Billy’s face with doggy affection. Billy couldn’t 44 Rocky’s charm (魅力) and began laughing as his anger melted away.
Throughout the day, Billy never left Rocky’s side, feeding him, being gentle with him and even 45 the other students while Rocky was sleeping.
Billy was known for doing anything he could to avoid 46 , but on this day he found a good dog story, “Clifford’s Puppy Days,” and read it to Rocky. How 47 I was at the sight of Billy reading happily！My little dog was able to 48 Billy’s day from one of anger and frustration to one of laughter, gentleness and 49 .
That day Rocky more than helped me with my 50 ; he helped to change the life of a child! After that Billy’s behavior definitely improved.
31. A. challenged B. cheated C. benefited D. betrayed
32. A. unforgettable B. uncontrollable C. unconscious D. unfortunate
33. A. physical B. mental C. academic D. authentic
34. A. advantage B. agenda C. reason D. way
35. A. awake B. call C. visit D. sign
36. A. tolerating B. observing C. relieving D. ignoring
37. A. emotions B. pets C. botanyD. diet
38. A. after B. as C. when D. before
39. A. boring B. fantastic C. busy D. rough
40. A. settled B. punished C. treated D. excited
41. A. fled B. stormed C. jogged D. floated
42. A. surprise B. delight C. shame D. fear
43. A. protector B. trainer C. friend D. owner
44. A. resist B. describe C. reduce D. forget
45. A. educating B. envying C. comforting D. quieting
46. A. exploding B. reading C. arguing D. apologizing
47. A. surprised B. disappointed C. amused D. confused
48. A. urge B. shorten C. transform D. expand
49. A. admiration B. curiosity C. anxietyD. love
50. A. family B. teaching C. housework D. performance