Nelson Mandela was regarded as one of the greatest leaders in the world. He died at the age of 95. He became his country’s first black president after 27 years in prison. Do you want to know why he spent so many years in prison? Read more and find more facts.
When Nelson Mandela was a young man, white and black people in South Africa lived separate lives. White people, who were a small part of the population, were in charge of the country. At that time, it was illegal for black people to use the same schools, hospitals, and even beaches as white people. Mandela was lucky. He was one of the few black people in the 1950s of South Africa to receive education and become a successful lawyer.
Nelson Mandela believed that everybody should be treated equally. He joined some different demonstrations to fight against a system called apartheid.
Sometimes the demonstrations turned violent and in 1962 Mandela was sent to a prison which was on Robben Island. But many people around the world campaigned for his release. Songs were written and big concerts were held in protest. Finally in 1990 the South African President FW de Klerk--a white man--allowed him to go free. Mandela had spent 27 years in prison and was greeted as a hero on his release.After reading the passage, we can know apartheid is ______.
| A．a party | B．a demonstration |
| C．a song | D．a system |
FW de Klerk is the person ________.
| A．who was in prison with Nelson Mandela. |
| B．who allowed Nelson Mandela to go free. |
| C．who helped to Nelson Mandela organize the demonstrations. |
| D．who wrote some songs about apartheid. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Nelson Mandela died when he was 90 years old. |
| B．Nelson Mandela received education and became a lawyer. |
| C．Nelson Mandela was sent to a prison on Robben Island in 1946. |
| D．Nobody was willing to help Nelson Mandela out of prison. |
_______ were in charge of South Africa at that time?
| A．Nelson Mandela |
| B．Black people |
| C．White people |
| D．British people |
Which is the best title of this passage?
| A．Nelson Manlenda |
| B．Some demonstration in the past. |
| C．Black people and White People |
| D．People in South Africa |
You might have seen beautiful rainbows in the sky before.They form when sunlight falls on water drops in the air.But in fact，moonlight can also create rainbows in the same way.They are called "moonbows".They are similar to rainbows，but they are created by moonlight instead of direct sunlight.
Moonbows are rarer than rainbows.Different weather and astronomical （天文学的）conditions have to be just right for moonbows to be created.
The moon has to be very low in the sky — only 42 degrees from the horizon （地平线）.The moon period has to be a full moon or nearly full.The sky must be very dark for a moonbow to be watched clearly — any bright light can obscure it.Water drops must appear in the air in the opposite direction of the moon.
Moonbows appear on the opposite side of the moon and usually look white to the human eye.This is because their colors are not bright enough to be noticed by the human eye.It is possible，however，to view the colors in a moonbow using long exposure （长时间曝光）photography.
Moonbows more often appear in some locations around the world.Most of these locations usually have waterfalls，which create thin fog in the air.Some of these locations are the Yosemite National Park in California and Cumberland Falls State Resort Park in Kentucky，US；Victoria Falls on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe；and Waimea in Hawaii，US.
Moonbows do really happen.So at a certain time and a certain place，when a moonbow happens to appear，you can't miss it if you' re right there.
（1）According to the first two paragraphs，moonbows are .
A.created by sunlight
B.much easier to find
C.seen during the day
D.more difficult to form
（2）Which of the following can be the conditions for a moonbow to form？
A.A half moon hangs high in the bright sky.
B.A full moon is 50 degrees from the horizon.
C.A nearly full moon hangs low in the dark sky.
D.Water drops are in the opposite direction of the sun.
（3）What does the underlined word "obscure "in paragraph 3 probably mean？
A.cover.
B.drop.
C.connect.
D.produce.
（4）What is paragraph 5 mainly about？
A.Conditions of moonbows.
B.Background of moonbows.
C.Locations of moonbows.
D.Development of moonbows.
When she was alone，Mary felt lonelier than ever.She went out of the house and ran around the garden ten times.Ben Weatherstaff was working in it.
"Spring is coming，" he said to Mary. "I can smell it in the air.Soon there will be spring flowers At this moment，the robin flew toward them and landed at Mary's feet.
"He remembers me， " she said.
" He knows everything that happens here， " Ben said. "Only he knows what's happening in the garden that has no door into it.No one else has been inside it for ten years. "
Ben walked away to continue his work.Mary bent down and began talking to the robin.She felt happier than she had ever felt.
The robin trusted her and did not fly away.It began pecking at the ground，looking for a worm to eat.Mary looked closely at the ground.She saw something that looked like metal.She picked it up.It was dirty and rusty.She cleaned it and saw that it was a key.
"It's been in the ground for many years， " she thought. "I wonder if it is the key to the garden.If it is，then I must find the door. "
Mary skipped around the garden.The robin followed her.Mary stopped skipping and spoke to the robin.
"He showed me where to find the key， " she thought. "Can you show me where the door is？ "
The robin sat on the top of the garden wall.It began to sing.The wall was covered with ivy.Mary pulled at a piece of the ivy.It came away from the wall.Behind the wall was a door.Mary put the key in the lock of the door and turned it.The door opened.Only seconds later，Mary was inside the secret garden.
Mary thought it was the most beautiful garden she had ever seen.
（1）Which is the right order for the robin？
a.It followed Mary around the garden.
b.It sat and sang on the top of the garden wall.
c.It pecked at the ground and looked for a worm.
d.It flew toward Ben and Mary and landed at Mary's feet.
A.b﹣c﹣d﹣a
B.b﹣a﹣d﹣c
C.d﹣c﹣a﹣b
D.d﹣a﹣b﹣c
（2）What does the underlined word "it " in paragraph 7 refer to？
A.The key.
B.The robin.
C.The flower.
D.The lock.
（3）Which word best describes Mary's feeling in the end？
A.Sad.
B.Worried.
C.Lonely.
D.Excited.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A.Mary Discovers the Door
B.Mary Finds a Secret Garden
C.Mary Remembers the Robin
D.Mary Helps Her Best Friend
March 2 is Old Stuff Day（旧物日）.It is all about old stuff.Things you used have been forgotten for ages in your home.You must have some old stuff around.And today is all about enjoying it.Because what's better than finding something really great from days gone by？
It's so easy to forget things you have.If we don't use them every day，some things can be put away and stay there.And that's not just the things in your home— technology grows so quickly，new toys come out all the time，new books keep coming out.In the age of new information，we can have so many things easily.Today is all about remembering the things we sometimes leave behind.
We've learned to value what age can bring to things.Wines，for example，are more valuable and tastier as they grow older.It's certain that old things still have their uses，value or charm.People today will pay a pretty penny for stamps，toys，video games，board games，books，coins，and clothes of yesterday.
You can really get into the charm of old things by visiting a junk shop （旧货店）.Another person's old stuff could be your new stuff!Or maybe now is a good day to clean up？Old stuff could become a great gift for someone else，or you could always send your old things to a charity shop.If you're free，you could turn your old clothes into new ones with just a little change.
Today could be a good day to visit your older families.You could ask your grandparents to tell you stories about family history，their childhood and their youth.Learn about what was going on in the world when they were growing up.
Most of all，remember that today's new stuff will one day be old stuff.
（1）What is Old Stuff Day？
A.A day to throw away old things.
B.A day to follow new technology.
C.A day to get together with families.
D.A day to enjoy and reuse old things.
（2）From paragraph 3，we know that .
A.age brings people new things
B.people love buying new things
C.people always clean up old stuff
D.old stuff is still valuable and useful
（3）Which of the following is a proper way to deal with old stuff？
A.Breaking them into pieces.
B.Sending them to charity shops.
C.Forgetting them in some places.
D.Turning them into waste things.
（4）The author's purpose in writing the text is to make people .
A.realize value of old stuff
B.explore new technology
C.produce more old things
D.remember family history
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The Sunniest Show of All Musicals The sunniest show The show is set on a Greek island.The sun always shines.It is about a tale of love and friendship.It is mainly about Sophie's search for her father. Every day you have the time of your life at the world's sunniest and most exciting musical.Show time Monday—Saturday，7：45 p.m. — 9：15 p.m. Sunday，8：00 p.m. — 9：30 p.m. How to book Online：mamma﹣mia.com； delfbntoiackintosh.co.uk In person：At the theatre from 10 a.m.Monday—Saturday Groups & Education Groups 10+：Call Delfront Mackintosh Groups on 0844 482 5100 or email groupsales @delfbntmackintosh.co.uk Book early and save Book 2 months before the show and save £20 per ticket.The ticket is only for Monday—Thursday shows. VIP Special moments or entertaining customers Call 0844 482 5166 Others No extra money is paid if tickets are bought at the Novello Theatre Box Office. For more information，please call 0344 482 5137. |
（1）If an Education Group of 12 want to book tickets，which number should they call？
A.0844 482 6100
B.0844 482 5100
C.0844 482 5166
D.0344 482 5137
（2）What can we learn about the show？
A.It lasts for one hour and a half.
B.It's about Sophie's search for her mum.
C. £ 40 can be saved if one ticket is bought now.
D.Extra money is paid if tickets are bought at the theatre.
（3）What is the article？
A.A medical research.
B.A classical novel.
C.A musical advertisement.
D.A detective story.
There are only 24 hours in a day，and usually about a third of that is spent sleeping.So is it possible to make use of this time and learn a new skill or even a language？In other words，is sleep learning possible？
Many studies have found that a basic form of learning called conditioning can happen during sleep.In a 2012 study published in the magazine Nature Neuroscience，for example，Israeli researchers found that people can learn to connect sounds with smells during sleep.The scientists played a tone to sleeping study participants while putting some rotten（腐烂的）fish beside their beds.Once awake when hearing the tone.The people held their breath in anticipation of a bad smell.
"This was a dear finding showing participants formed new memories during sleep， " said Andrillon，a scientist in this held.
Although the now memory was implicit （暗示性的），it could influence how people behave，researchers found in a 2014 study published in the Journal of Neuroscience.In that research，after spending a night in a room full of cigarette（香烟） smell mixed with rotten eggs or fish，smokers use fewer cigarettes.
Andrillon and his team members have found that learning in sleep can also go beyond simple conditioning.In their 2017 study published in Nature Communications，participants were able to pick out sound features that they had heard during sleep.
Learning abilities in sleep may spread to learning of words.In a study published in Current Biology，researchers played pairs of made﹣up words and their supposed meanings like "guga" means elephant，to sleep participants.After this，when awake，the participants did better in picking the right translation of made﹣up words in a multi﹣choice test.
So far，research suggests it may be possible to learn about the tone and pronunciation of a language or even the meaning of words while sleeping，although it is to a weaker level than what we do during the day without noticing.
（1）What is the main purpose of the text？
A.To show that sleep learning is possible.
B.To study how to make use of sleep learning.
C.To report some famous research findings.
D.To prove sleep learning is implicit and weak.
（2）What does the phrase ''new memories'' in the third paragraph refer to（指的是）？
A.Connection between participants and scientists.
B.Connection between sounds and smells.
C.The tone's influence on the rotten fish.
D.The rotten eggs' influence on cigarettes.
（3）What is the main idea of the last two paragraphs？
A.Sleep can do good to learning.
B.Language learning can happen in sleep.
C.People learn in sleep in a different language.
D.Sleep learning is better than daytime learning.