阅读理解(2014贵阳)
Paul Nicklen waited patiently on a sheet of ice in the Arctic．He was there to take pictures for National Geographic．Finally，he saw something big and white．It was a polar bear，swimming towards him in the icy water．
Paul lay down on the ice to get a better photo，but the polar bear jumped out of the water and tried to attack him！Luckily for Paul，the ice cracked，or broke．and the bear fell back into the water．The polar bear wasn’t so lucky．It couldn’t get a meal and had to swim farther away to find food．
To understand the polar bear’s problem，you need to know two things about the Arctic．First，the Arctic is mostly ocean．Second，ice covers a lot of the Arctic Ocean．In winter，the ice forms a thick，white sheet，but in summer，the ice becomes thinner and breaks into pieces．Sea ice is the key to survival(幸存)for Arctic animals．However，because of global warming，Arctic temperatures are rising and polar ice is melting．
Polar bears need ice to hunt seals，their favorite meal．They stand on the ice and wait for the seals to come up for air．As Arctic ice melts，polar bears have to swim farther to find ice floes，or large pieces of floating ice．Sometimes，bears have to swim more than 200 km to find an ice floe．Some bears cannot swim that far and，sadly，they drown．
On his last trip，Paul Nicklen saw three dead bodies of polar bears．Before global warming threatened Arctic ice，a dead bear was a rare sight．Paul is sad to see the dead bodies．Wildlife experts think global warming will have a terrible effect on polar bears．In the future，polar ice will continue to shrink and endanger the bears．some scientists believe 65 percent of the world’s polar bears will disappear by 2050．In other words，polar bears are in great danger．The main idea of the passage is that________．
A．polar bears are amazing swimmers
B．Arctic temperatures are rising
C．global warming is endangering polar bearsThe polar bear that tried to attack Paul was unlucky because________．
A．Paul swam away
B．it was on an ice floe
C．it couldn’t eat PaulAccording to the passage，polar bears hunt seals by________．
A．waiting on the ice
B．waiting in the water
C．drowning the sealsFrom the passage，Paul Nicklen is maybe a________．
A．scientist
B．photographer
C．psychologistWe can infer that polar bears________．
A．won’t have any food in 2050
B．will all die before 2050
C．cannot find food easily
As we know, Chongqing has changed a lot in the past few years. More and more trees are being planted in the city. And every day you can see many old people play sports everywhere. The changes make people in the city live a happy life. A small survey below is from people in Chongqing. One hundred persons answered the questions last week.
| What they want |
Health |
Safety |
Food |
| 52% |
33% |
15% |
|
| Where they like to live |
In a quieter place |
In a busier place |
In a greener place |
| 15% |
5% |
80% |
|
| What they think of working in the city |
Bad |
Good |
No idea |
| 8% |
80% |
12% |
|
| Whether they plan to change their living places |
Yes |
No |
Difficult to say |
| 39% |
41% |
20% |
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。Every day people in Chongqing can see________ play sports everywhere.
| A．the women | B．the men | C．the old | D．the young |
From the survey, ________ of the people in Chongqing care about health.
| A．80% | B．41% | C．52% | D．39% |
From the survey, we know one twentieth people want to live________.
| A．in a busier place | B．in a quieter place |
| C．in a greener place | D．on a mountain |
Most people think working in Chongqing is_________.
| A．bad | B．sad | C．hard | D．good |
According to the passage and the survey, we know that________ .
| A．33% people in Chongqing care about the food |
| B．12% people in Chongqing think working in the city is bad |
| C．most people plan to change their living places |
| D．the changes in Chongqing makes people enjoy living there |
Li Ruyan, 13 years old, did something special last summer with his classmates in Shanghai. They worked in groups with traffic police at different crossroads in the city. Holding small red flags, the students helped keep order and stopped people from jaywalking (乱穿马路). As part of the school project, Li’s school has encouraged its students to do more community work. After the half day of exhausting work, Li told himself not to jaywalk anymore.
“I think through community work we get to help others and, more importantly, we grow a sense of responsibility (责任感),” he said.
Community service is an important part of education for teenagers around the world. In the US and Canada, high school students need to finish 40 hours of community service before graduation. In America, those who have finished 1,400 hours of community work can be awarded nearly $5,000 (33,000 yuan).
Chinese students today do more community work, too. For example, starting from 2010, Sichuan high school students have been asked to do 10 days of community work. It will become part of their school grades.
Qian Lijun, 16, and her classmates in Suzhou, Jiangsu went to a local elder care home this winter. They put Spring Festival couplets (对联) on the walls and cheered up the people living there.
Li Xiaotian, 15, in Anshan said he used to clear flyers (小广告) from telephone poles (电线杆) with his classmates. They brought tools, towels and buckets and worked for three hours under the summer sun. “It was tiring, but seeing the clean poles without ugly ads, we really felt proud,” he said.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。What was the special thing Li Ruyan did last summer?
| A．He joined a special group of class13. |
| B．He became a policeman. |
| C．He helped the traffic police at a crossroad. |
| D．He stopped people from talking. |
From this passage we know that _______.
| A．Li Ruyan’s school is in the middle of a big city. |
| B．Li Ruyan and his classmates do some community work every day. |
| C．Ruyan and his classmates often hold small flags when they cross the roads. |
| D．Ruyan and his classmates think it is good for them to do some community work. |
Community service _______.
| A．has become a very important part of education only in China. |
| B．is very important in school education in some foreign countries. |
| C．is the only part of the school project for teenagers around the world. |
| D．needs students to finish at least 1,000 hours of community work. |
Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
| A．The students in Shanghai helped people to keep the traffic rules. |
| B．The students in Suzhou visited the old people’s home. |
| C．The students in Anshan cleaned the walls under the summer sun. |
| D．The students in Sichuan sent spring festival couplets to the old people. |
Which of the following is not true according to the passage?
| A．Community service helps students grow a sense of responsibility. |
| B．Through community work students get to help others and learn something. |
| C．Students are now encouraged to do more community work in many schools in china. |
| D．Students will be awarded much money for doing more community work in Canada and the US. |
When Mencius(孟子) was a little boy, his father died. Mencius and his mother were quite poor. One day Mencius returned home from school and found his mother making some cloth. It was very beautiful and expensive.
“How much of the book have you read today?” Mencius’ mother asked him. “I haven’t read any of it yet.” Mencius replied, “I played with some friends of mine in the fields.”
When his mother heard this, she picked up a pair of scissors and cut the cloth.
“Why did you cut your cloth?” Mencius asked, “It was beautiful but now you’ve wasted (浪费) it.” “You have wasted your time,” his mother said, “now I have wasted mine. Look what terrible things we have done.”
Mencius learnt a lot from this lesson. After that, he always studied hard.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。When did this story happen?
| A．Not long before liberation(解放). |
| B．More than 2000 years ago. |
| C．About 400 years ago. |
| D．In the 18th century. |
What was Mencius doing while his mother was cutting the cloth?
| A．He was reading his book. |
| B．He was playing in the fields. |
| C．He was trying to help her. |
| D．He was watching strangely. |
The mother cut the cloth because _____.
| A．she thought making cloth was wasting time |
| B．she wanted to give her son a lesson |
| C．she wanted to use more beautiful and expensive cloth |
| D．she wanted her son to do his lessons at once |
Why Mencius and his mother were quite poor?
| A．Because his father died when Mencius was a child. |
| B．Because his father was ill in bed. |
| C．Because his mother cut the cloth. |
| D．Because the cloth his mother made was very cheap. |
How did Mencius’ mother feel when she knew Mencius haven’t read any book?
| A．She felt very happy. |
| B．She felt very sad. |
| C．She felt very excited. |
| D．She felt very pleased. |
Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old Chinese female scientist, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology (生理学) or Medicine on Oct. 5. She found a medicine that cures the deadly disease called malaria(疟疾). Tu shared the prize with two scientists from the US and Japan. Tu is the first native Chinese person to get the Nobel Prize in natural science.
Tu found artemisinin (青篙素) in sweet wormwood(青篙) back in 1971. She spent the following years trying to improve the medicine. According to World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer from malaria around the world, and about half a million die each year. Today, artemisinin is still the most useful medicine that fights against malaria.
When Tu joined the national research team to find the malaria medicine in the 1960s and the 1970s, things were hard. The team didn’t have advanced equipment then. Tu used to medicines by taking taking them herself. Tu’s team searched old Chinese medicine books by hand and tested over 2,000 traditional recipes (配方).
To do research, Tu also had to travel a lot. Once she returned to her family after six months away from home. Her little daughter didn’t recognize her and hid from the “strange woman”. However, Tu never complained. “ I feel rewarded when I see so many cured patients,” she said.Malaria is a kind of .
A. food B. deadly disease C. cancerHow many people shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4Tu Youyou found artemisinin .
A. at the age of 40
B. after an American scientist found it
C.When she joined the national research team in the 1960sWhy did Tu use to test the medicine by taking them herself?
A. Because she liked to do so.
B. Because someone forced her.
C. Because she didn’t have good equipment.Which is True according to this passage?
A. About 100 million people die from malaria every year.
B. Old Chinese medicine books are useless.
C. Tu’s little daughter didn’t know her after she left home for six months.
根据短文内容，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts, and more students will want them.
Mary Bluentt, an official, said mobile phone use is a distraction（分心的事）to students during school hours and it also gives teachers so much trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.
She said some schools had tried to ban（禁止）mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't get in touch with their children.
Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school, but if there were special or good reasons（理由）, they could leave their phones at school office. They also said there were many reasons why the students shouldn't have mobile phones at school: they were easy to lose and were a distraction from studies.
Many people say that they understand why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know when they can use their mobile phones.Some middle schools in Australia have stopped students from carrying mobile phones .
A. because they are students
B. because they are children
C. when they are at schoolWe know from the passage that some children get mobile phones from .
A. some mobile phone users
B. their parents and friends
C. the makers and sellersThe underlined word "cheat" means in this passage.
A. 查询 B.作弊 C.聊天Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn't during school hours.
A. get in touch with their children
B. help the teachers with their work
C. leave their mobile phones at school officeThe passage tells us that students shouldn't have mobile phones at school except for .
A. special or good reasons
B. their parents feel unhappy
C. listening music