关于“中小学书法教育”的主题阅读
【话题背景】
教育部《中小学书法教育指导纲要》指出:义务教育阶段书法教育以语文课为主,也可在其他学科课程、地方和校本课程中进行。其中,小学3-6年级每周安排1课时用于毛笔字学习。普通高中可开设书法选修课。
【调查数据】
一项网络调查显示:
71.4%的受访者表示一个人的字代表着一个人的形象气质;
72.5%的受访者曾经有拿字帖练字的经历;
42.5%的受访者认为自己的字拿不出手;
74.7%的受访者认为,即便在互联网时代,写一手好字仍根重要。
(摘自《中国青年报》)
【精选案例】
书法是戴敏的第一项特长。她回忆,小学放暑假,天天呆在家里练字,开始也觉得苦,“但练着练着就练出感觉了,十分享受这过程”。戴敏练书法源于父亲一次不经意的鼓励,后来就渐渐爱上了书法,而老师也通常会在写得好的字上画圈,“每次看到自己字上的圈多了就会感到很开心”。
对于用依帆来说,少年时代的练字更多的是痛苦的任务,“老师布置的练字作业每次都拖到暑假的最后一个星期”。他认为,互联网时代,真正用笔写字的时候越来越少,“也就剩下在商场刷卡签名时会写写字了,我身边许多人都这么认为”。
(摘自中国教育新闻网)
【各方声音】
网友冰水椰子:我是教语文的,又兼着书法课,常常觉得力不从心。好在一个学期上的书法课不多,期中和期末考试前就偷偷地改上语文课了。
网友吞可吞:很喜欢书法教室和教室走廊陈列的名家作品。很羡慕写得一手好字的同学。但总是只有心动,没有行动。上了初中,作业多了,就更没有时闻练字了。
沈尹默(书法家):世人公认中国书法是最高艺术,就是因为它能显出惊人奇迹,无色而具画图的灿烂,无声而有音乐的和谐,引人欣赏……
郭振有(中国教育学会常务副会长).书写,表达一种感情,与电脑写不是一种状态。如果一切都机械化了,就没有审美,变得贫乏而没有了想象力。
沙如(中国教育学会书法专业委员会副秘书长):刘初中虽然学习压力加大了,但是练习书法能让我们静下心来,每天有半小时的时间练书法,之后学习效率会更高。 (摘自互联网)
【新闻现场】
本报讯 今天,“传承兰亭——绍兴市区中小学生‘兰亭雅集42人展’”在书法圣地兰亭右军祠启幕,这成为今年兰亭书法节的一个亮点。市内许多中小学校积极组织学生前来参观展览。一位带队老师说,他们学校有很多书法爱好者,在征集作品和报名参观的时候,大家都很积极,他们是传承中国书法、传承中华文化的希望和未来。 (摘自《绍兴晚报》,有删改)从下列选项中选出与文意不相符的一项。( )(2分)
| A.教育部要求,小学3-6年级每周要安排1课时练习书法,普通高中要开设书法选修课。 |
| B.从调查数据可以看出,书法教育进中小学课堂有较好的社会基础。 |
| C.有反对者认为,互联网时代,写字的机会越来越少了,也就没有必要学写毛笔字了。 |
| D.中国书法是世人公认的最高艺术,它具有审美价值,能丰富人的想象力。 |
根据以上几则材料,分条概述中小学生学习书法的意义。(3分)
根据以上几则材料,分析中小学书法教育目前存在的不利因素。
就激发学生书法学习兴趣的问题,结合以上材料,给学校提几点建议。
CHINA
Coal mines claim (使…失踪) more lives
A COAL mine blast (爆炸) in Jixi, Helongjiang, left more than 100 miners dead on Thursday .Ten mines in Jixi were ordered to stop production. The government has tried to shut down thousands of small, illegal (非法的) mines in the country that do not meet safety standards.
MIDDLE EAST
Bombers continues to kill
PALESTINIANS killed 32 Israelis in three major attacks between Tuesday and Thursday. There were two suicide bombing (自杀性爆炸) and a militant (武装的) attack on Jewish settlement . They yielded one of the highest Israeli death tolls ( 死亡人数) in such a short period over the last two years.
CHINA
Young people stand tall
THE average height of Chinese young people has risen by 6 centimeters compared to that of 20 years ago. This year far exceeds (超过) the word’s average growth speed. A survey on health conducted by a panel(调研组) of Chinese students found the results. According to the world average level, youths get taller by 1 cm every 10 years.
CANADA
Talking about world issue (援助)
The Group of Eight (G8)—the US, Japan , Germany, Britain, France, Italy , Canada and Russia ---- will hold a summit on June26 and 27 in Kananaskis , Canada. The G8 are the richest and most powerful countries in the world. G8 leaders and some African presidents will discuss strengthening global economic growth and helping Africa. Kofi Annan, United Nations Secretary General, will also attend.Thousands of mines have been shut because ______.
| A.they have blast |
| B.they produced less coal |
| C.they are very small and illegal |
| D.they don’t meet the safety standards |
How many Israelis died in the three major attacks by Palestinians?
| A.23 | B.32 |
| C.100 | D.We don’t know. |
In the last 20 years, the average growth speed of Chinese youths exceeds the world’s average level by__.
| A.1 cm | B.4 cm | C.5 cm | D.6 cm |
What’s the purpose of the Summit ?
| A.to strengthen the global economic growth and helping some poor African countries. |
| B.To make these eight countries much more powerful. |
| C.To help some African president to strengthen their economic growth. |
| D.Kofi Annan will have an important speech on world issues. |
This passage may probably taken from _______.
| A.a story book | B.a text book |
| C.a newspaper | D.a novel |
While shell-like roofs, unlike anything else in the world, make the Sydney Opera House an image of timeless beauty. It is famous for being a symbol, not only of a city, but a whole country and condition too.
Its creator, Danish architect Jorn Utzon , turned 85 last Wednesday. And he was awarded the Prizker Prize, known as the Nobel Prize of Architecture, on April 6. But Utzon has never seen his Opera House.
The story began in 1957 when Utzon won an international competition to design an opera house in Sydney.
But not everyone was enthusiastic (热心的 ) . Utzon left his Opera project in 1966 after an argument with the local government and a storm of public criticism over the building’s design. It was not completed until seven years later and Utzon has never returned to Australia to see the result of his work.
“Utzon made a building well ahead of its time, and he persevered (坚持) through criticism to build a building that changed the image of an entire country,” said Frank Gehry, a Pritzer Architecture Prize judge.
Although the Sydney Opera House was Utzon’s masterpiece, it damaged his career. Upon his return to Denmark, he found work hard to come by , so he become a teacher at a university in Hawaii.
Utzon said he once saw posters of the Opera House. The interiors were different from his design. But, he said, “There is no regret, for it gave me such a wonderful experience in Australia and towards which I only have love and appreciation .”
Britain’s Queen Elizabeth opened the Opera House in 1973, and it now holds around 3000 events every year. It is recognized as one of the great symbolic buildings of the 20th century.The Sydney Opera House was completed_____.
| A.in 1957 | B.in 1906 |
| C.in 1973 | D.in 1980 |
Utzon has never seen his Opera House because _______.
| A.it has white shell-like roofs, unlike anything else in the world |
| B.its creator is Danish architect, who returned to Denmark |
| C.he was not awarded the Pritzker Prize, known as the Nobel Prize of Architecture |
| D.he argued with the local government and was criticized over his design |
The underlined word “come by” in Paragraph 6 means ______.
| A.find | B.pass |
| C.hire | D.Develop |
Relation between the United States and Columbia suffered for many years because of an incident involving the Republic of Panama. By the end of the Spanish-American War in 1898, many Americans felt that an easier and faster way was needed to get ships from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Some people in the United States first believed that a canal across Nicaragua was the answer. However, President Theodore Roosevelt decided that a canal through Panama would be a better choice.
In order to build the canal , the United States had to negotiate (谈判) a treaty with Columbia , which at that time controlled Panama . Roosevelt offered Columbia $ 10 million plus $ 250,000 a year for 99 years for a six-mile-wide strip of land across Panama. Columbia rejected the United States’ offer. This ranged President Roosevelt, and negotiations with Columbia ended.
In 1903, a revolution broke out in Panama. The United States ships were sent by President Roosevelt to protect the Panamanian revolutionaries from Columbian forces. The revolution succeeded, and Panama declared its independence from Columbia. The United States then negotiated with the newly formed government. A treaty was signed, and the United States began building the canal.
As a result of the incident, Columbia and the United States remained on bad terms for many years. Not until 1921, when the United States agreed to pay Columbia some compensation (赔偿) for its territory, did relations between the two countries improve.According to the passage, the United States and Columbia were on bad terms because the United States had ________.
| A.at first wished to build a canal through Nicaragua |
| B.promised to pay Columbia $ 10 million for Panama |
| C.wished to build a canal through Panama |
| D.supported Panamanian revolutionaries in their fight for independence from Columbia. |
From the information in the passage, it can be concluded that the United States ______.
| A.wanted to build a canal because it was considered starting a war |
| B.felt that building a canal through Panama was worth the risk of ruining relations with Columbia |
| C.believed that a canal through Nicaragua would be profitable |
| D.had lost the Spanish-American War |
It can be inferred from the passage that an important reason for the decision of the United States to build a canal was to _______.
| A.develop trade relations with Europe |
| B.improve relations with South American countries |
| C.prevent European ships from reaching the Pacific Ocean |
| D.reduce travel time for its ships in case of war |
The passage mainly gives us________.
| A.advice | B.information |
| C.humor | D.News |
Some people are lucky enough to be born with a good sense of direction and even if they have only visited a place once, they will be able to find it again years later. I am one of those unfortunate people who have sense of direction and I may have visited a place time after time but I still get on my way there. When I was young I was so that I never dared ask strangers the way and so I used to round in circles and hope that I would happen to get to the place I was heading for. I am too shy to ask people for directions, but I often replies that puzzle me. Often people do not like to admit that they didn’t know their hometown and will on telling you the way, even if they do not know it ; others who are to prove that they know their hometown very well, will give you a long of directions which you cannot possibly hope to remember, and still others do not seem to be able to between their left and their right and you find in the end that you are going in the direction. If anyone ever asks me the way to somewhere, I always tell them I am a to the town in order to avoid giving them wrong but even this can have embarrassing (尴尬的) results. Once I was on my way to work when I was stopped by a man who asked me if I would him the way to the Sunlight Building. I gave my reply, but I had not walked on a few steps when I that he had asked for directions to my office building. However, at this point, I decided it was too late to turn back and him in the crowd behind me I was going to meet with someone at the office and I did not want to keep him waiting. Imagine my embarrassment when my secretary showed in the man who had asked for directions to my office and his when he recognized me as the person he had asked.
A.good B.instant C.poor D.fine
A.lost B.disappeared C.stuck D.missing
A.brave B.nervous C.afraid D.shy
A.come B.show C.look D.wander
A.still B.no longer C.any more D.often
A.receive B.accept C.give D.import
A.advise B.suggest C.insist D.persuade
A.glad B.anxious C.interested D.angry
A.line B.list C.page D.paragraph
A.say B.know C.divide D.tell
A.right B.same C.other D.opposite
A.friend B.policeman C.stranger D.foreigner
A.direction B.advice C.answer D.road
A.direct B.tell C.take D.point
A.similar B.common C.usual D.general
A.noticed B.realized C.believed D.considered
A.look B.find C.discover D.search
A.when B.then C.while D.as
A.only B.certain C.very D.just
A.astonishment B.excitement C.judgment D.Embarrassment
You can’t be too careful; this kind of cloth_____.
| A.is washed easily | B.isn’t washed easily |
| C.washes easily | D.doesn’t wash easily |