Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the doctors. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants, then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree with this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers and play computer games. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as steer them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.According to the text, what kind of children may eat more unhealthy food?
| A．Those who often take exercise. |
| B．Those who often watch television. |
| C．Those who often have meals at home. |
| D．Those who often walk to school. |
The author thinks that children are becoming overweight because
| A．their parents often cook meals for them |
| B．they are too busy to go out and play |
| C．they can' t choose what to eat |
| D．there are too many fast food shops around |
The word "steer" underlined in the last sentence most probably means _______.
| A．force | B．guide | C．expect | D．observe |
The main purpose of the text is to _________.
| A．tell a story | B．provide facts |
| C．give advice | D．compare opinions |
The “Bystander Apathy Effect” was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbours ignored --- and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs --- the cries of a woman as she was murdered (over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they found that:
women are helped more than men;
men help more than women;
attractive women are helped more than unattractive women.
Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help.
According to Adrian Furnham, Professor of University College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing:
“Shifting of responsibility” --- the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the more “other people” there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility.
“Fear of making a mistake” --- situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an incident may know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarrassment makes them keep themselves to themselves.
“Fear of the consequences if attention is turned on you, and the person is violent.”
Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London University, says: “In the experiments I’ve seen on intervention（介入）, much depends on the neighborhood or setting. There is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed to draw attention to something that is 
happening, while in a football match, people get involved , and a fight would easily follow.”
Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importance of the individual: “the British as a whole have some difficulty intervention, but there are exceptional individuals in every group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety. These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals.”
60. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Pretty women are more likely to be helped.
B. People on a bus are more likely to stop a crime.
C. Religious people are more likely to look on.
D. Criminals are more likely to harm women.
61. Which factor is NOT related with intervention according to the passage?
A. Sex. B. Nationality. C. Profession. D. Setting.
62. Which phenomenon can be described as the “Bystander Apathy Effect”?
A. A man is more likely to help than a woman.
B. In a football match, people get involved in a fight.
C. Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should have happened.
D. On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves to themselves.
63. The author wrote this article _______.
A. to explain why bystanders behave as they do
B. to urge people to stand out when in need
C. to criticize the selfishness of bystanders
D. to analyze the weakness of human nature
第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My teenage son Karl became withdrawnafter his father died. As a single parent, I tried to do my best to talk to him. But the more I tried, the more he pulled away. When his report card arrived during his junior year, it said that he had been absent 95 times from classes and had six falling grades for the year. At this rate he would never graduate. I sent him to the school adviser, and I even begged him. Nothing worked.
One night I felt so powerless that I got down on my knees and pleaded for help. “Please God, I can’t do anything more for my son. I’m at the end of my rope. I’m giving the whole thing up to you.”
I was at work when I got a phone call. A man introduced himself as the headmaster. “I want to talk to you about Karl’s absences.” Before he could say another word, I choked up and all my disappointment and sadness over Karl came pouring out into the ears of this stranger. “Ilove my son but I just don’t know what to do. I’ve tried everything to get Karl to go back to school and nothing has worked. It’s out of my hands. “For a moment there was silence on the other end of the line. The headmaster seriously said, “Thank you for your time”, and hung up.
Karl’s next report card showed a marked improvement in his grades. Finally, he even made the honor roll. In his fourth year, I attended a parent-teacher meeting with Karl. I noticed that his teachers were astonished at the way he had turned himself around. On our way home, he said, “Mum, remember that call from the headmaster last year?” I nodded. “That was me. I thought I’d play a joke but when I heard what you said, it really hit me how much I was hurting you. That’s when I knew I had to make you proud.”
56. By saying “Karl became withdrawn”, the author means that the boy changed entirely and________.
A. preferred to stay alone at home B. lost interest in his studies
C. refused to talk to others D. began to dislike his mother
57. There was silence on the other end of the line because________.
A. the speaker was too moved to say anything to the mother
B. the speaker waited for the mother to finish speaking
C. the speaker didn’t want the mother to recognize his voice
D. the speaker was unable to interrupt the mother
58. The underlined sentence “…he even made the honor roll” means that “________”.
A. he was even on the list to be praised at the parent-teacher meeting
B. he was even on the list of students who made progress in grades
C. he was even on the list of students who had turned themselves around
D. he was even on the list of the best students at school
59. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Children in single-parent families often have mental problems.
B. Mother’s love plays an important role in teenagers’ life.
C. Being understood by parents is very important to teenagers.
D. School education doesn’t work without full support from parents.
E
| WHERE TO STAY IN BOSWELL YOUR GUIDE TO OUR BEST HOTEL |
||||
| Name / address |
Number of the Rooms |
Single Room |
Double Room |
Special Attraction |
| First Hotel 222 Edward Road Tel：414-6433 |
120 |
25 |
35 |
Air-conditioned rooms，French restaurant，Night Club，Swimming pool，shops ，coffee shop and bar ，telephone，radio and TV in each room ，close to city center |
| Fairview Hotel 129 North Road Tel：591-5620 |
50 |
12 |
18 |
Close to the airport，telephone in each room，Bar ，Restaurant ，garage ，swimming pool |
| Orchard Hotel 233 Edward Road Tel：641-6646 |
120 |
15 |
20 |
Facing First Hotel ，European restaurant，coffee shop，dry-cleaning ，shops TV，Night-club |
| Osaka Hotel 1264 Venning Road Tel：643-8820 |
180 |
30 |
50 |
Air-conditioned rooms，Japanese and Chinese restaurant ，shops ，swimming pool，large garden |
72．The number of the double rooms in the best hotels in Boswell is．
A．82 B．105 C． 123 D．470
73．If a Japanese traveler likes to eat in French restaurant， is the right place for him to go．
A．233 Edward Road B．222 Edward Road
C．1264 Venning Road D．129 North Road
74．It is convenient for you to stay at if you enjoy walking in the downtown in the evening
A．First Hotel or Orchard Hotel B．Fairview Hotel or Osaka Hotel
C．First Hotel or Fairview Hotel D．Orchard Hotel or Osaka Hotel
75．A group of 26 old people who want to stay in a quiet place and don’t want to share moms with others are visiting Boswell．Which is the most suitable hotel for them to choose?
A．First Hotel B．Fairview Hotel C．Orchard Hotel D．Osaka Hotel
Everybody hates it，but everybody does it．A recent report said that 40％of Americans hate tipping．But why do tips exist?
The common opinion in the past was that tips both rewarded the efforts of good service and reduced uncomfortable feelings of inequality．It is believed that the better the service is，the bigger the tip will be．
But according to a new research from Cornell University，tips no longer serve any useful function．The paper analyzes number they got from 2，547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants．The connection between larger tips and better service was very weak．
Tipping is better explained by culture than by the money people spend．In America，tipping is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service．In New York restaurants，failing to tip at least 15％could well mean dissatisfaction from the customers Hairdressers can expect to get 15％一20％．and the mall who delivers your fast food should be paid$2．In Europe，tipping is less common．In many restaurants the amount of tip is decided by a standard service charge In many Asian countries，tipping has never really caught on at a11．Only a few have really taken to tipping。
According to Michael Lynn，the Cornell papers’author，countries in which people are more social or outgoing tend to tip more．tie says，“In America，where people are expressive and eager to mix up with others，tipping is about social approval If you tip badly，people think less of you .Tipping well is a chance to show off．”
68．This passage is mainly about
A．different kinds of tipping in different countries
B．the relationship between tipping and countries
C．the origin and present meanings of tipping
D．the reason why American people hate tipping
69．Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase“caught on”in paragraph 4?
A．been hated B．become popular C．been stopped D．been permitted
70．Eating in a well—known restaurant in New York，who is likely to tip most?
A．A Frenchman． B．A Chinese．C．A Japanese．D．An American．
71．We can infer from this passage that．
A．tipping is no longer a good way to satisfy some customers themselves
B．tipping has something to do with people’s character
C．tipping in America can make service better now
D．tipping is no longer popular in New York
Compassion(同情)is a desire within us to help others．With efforts，we can translate compassion into actions．An experience last weekend showed me this is true．
I work part—time in a supermarket across from a building for the elderly These old people are our main customers，and it’s easy to lose patience over their slowness．But last Sunday，one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson．This untidy marl walked up to my register(收款机)with a box of biscuits．He said he was out of cash，had just moved into his room，and had nothing in his cupboards．He asked if we could let him have the food on trust．He promised to repay me the next day．
I couldn’t help staring at him．I wondered what kind of person he had been ten or twenty years before，and what he would be like if luck had gone his way．I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul，all alone in the world．I told him that I was sorry，and the store rules didn’t allow me to do so．I felt stupid and unkind saying this，but I valued my job .Just then，another man，standing behind the first，spoke up．if anything，he looked more pitiable，“Charge it to me，”was all he said．
What I had been feeling was pity．Pity is soft，safe and easy．Compassion，on the other hand，is caring in action．I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed，either．Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion．
64．The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits．
A．promised to obey the store rules
B．f
orgot to take any money with him
C．hoped to have the food first and pay later
D．couldn’t afford anything more expensive
65．How did the aged gentleman possibly feel when he was refused by the writer?
A．Warm and lucky． B．shameful and lonely
C．Thankful and excited D．Hurt and disappointed．
66．The writer followed the store rules because．
A．he wanted to keep his present job
B．he felt no pity for the old gentleman
C．he considered the old 
gentleman dishonest
D．he expected someone else to pay for the old gentleman
67．What does the writer 1earn from his experience?
A．Wealth is most important．
B．Helping others is easier said than done．
C．Experience is better gained through practice．
D．Compassion shows in actions