Anyone can try to lead a group, but not every individual is cut out for leadership. The better leaders possess a few qualities that can mean the difference between the success and failure of the group. These aret he qualities the leader of higher rank will look for when choosing a leader for a group, or when evaluating the performance of a leader. They're also the qualities team members want in a group leader, and appreciate when they find them.
Take Responsibility
Group leaders might share tasks around a group as necessary, but eventually a group leader needs to be able to accept that responsibility lies on her shoulders. That means that if things go wrong in a group project, she's the one who must accept the consequences and work out what mistakes were made. The group leader won't always have the power to control everything group members do, but she should be ready to admit any mistakes the group has made as a result of her leadership.
Concern for Members
The group leader has a commitment to the task or project at hand, but perhaps more importantly, he has a real concern for each and every person who is part of his group. This means getting to know the strengths, weaknesses and goals of team members, as well as making time to build the group through collective activities. The group leader should make sure that everyone is included, even if an individual is new to a group.
Good Listener
The group leader needs to be able to listen to the suggestions, complaints (抱怨) and ideas of group members. Not only will this allow complaints to be addressed and potentially suitable ideas to be put into practice, but a leader who listens will also encourage group members to share their concerns and thoughts,creating an atmosphere of free speech and productivity.The passage is mainly about____________.
| A．choosing a good leader for a group. |
| B．assessing the performance of a leader. |
| C．qualities of a good group leader. |
| D．team members’ appreciation of a leader. |
A good leader should always be able to_______.
| A．tell when things go wrong in a group project. |
| B．control everything group members do. |
| C．make group members admit their mistakes. |
| D．recognize any mistakes as his own. |
According to “Concerns for members”, which of the following is a good quality of a leader?
| A．fair | B．reliable |
| C．determined | D．generous |
Which of the following is not the benefit of being a good listener?
| A．Offer a chance for group members to express themselves freely |
| B．Allow the leader to put all his ideas into practice easily. |
| C．Make it possible to deal with group members’ complaints. |
| D．Make group members productive by sharing their thoughts. |
In July 1994 Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, was struck by 21 pieces of a comet（彗星）. When the fragment（碎片）landed in the southern part of the giant planet, the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth. But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth. The news has caused panic.
On 17 July, a fragment four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion. About half of the fragment is destroyed. But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and an enormous wave is created and spreads. The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned. The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.
Millions of people are already dead in the southern part of the Earth, but the north won’t escape for long. Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions. As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later civilization has collapsed. No more than 10 million people have survived.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs（恐龙）were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment. The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct. Will we meet the same end? Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author’s description of the disaster in 2094?
The whole mankind becomes extinct.
All the coastal cities in African are destroyed.
The whole world becomes extremely cold.
The visit of the comet results in wars.Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?
| A．Because they could only live in the warm climate. |
| B．Because they once dominated the Earth. |
| C．Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age. |
| D．Because their extinction indicates future disasters |
In writing the passage, the author intends to __________.
| A．give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future |
| B．warn of a possible disaster in the future |
| C．tell the historical development of the Earth |
| D．prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed |
It can be concluded that the passage is most probably part of a(n) __________.
| A．horror story | B．news report |
| C．article of popular science | D．research paper |
When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”. My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. One of us would walk her, another would feed her, then there were baths, playing catch and many other games. Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them . We always felt better when she was around.
One day, as I was getting her food, she chewed up(咬破)one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, ”Bad girl,” she looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.
Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet, she went everywhere with us .People would stop and ask if they could pet her. Of course she’d let anyone pet her. She was just the most lovable dog. There were many times when we’d be out walking and a small child would come over and pull on her hair. She never barked(吠) or tried to get away. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. Far from the truth, she loved everyone.
Now many years have passed since Brownie died of old age. I still miss the days when she was with us. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?
| A．Look at them sadly. | B．Touch them gently. |
| C．Play games with them. | D．Keep them company. |
We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie__________.
| A．would eat anything when hungry | B．loved playing hide-and-seek |
| C．felt sorry for her mistake | D．disliked the author’s dad |
Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet?
| A．She was loved by everybody she met. | B．She played games with anyone she liked. |
| C． She was treated as a member of the family. | D．She went everywhere with the family. |
Which of the following best describes Brownie?
| A．Shy | B．Polite | C．Caring | D．Brave |
What could make Michael Jordon, one of the greatest basketball players in history, shed tears? It was when he became a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame on September 11. The hall is in Springfield, Massachusetts and honors the best basketball players, greatest coaches and other contributors to the game. “The game of basketball has been everything to me ,” said Jordan, 46. “It is the place I have always gone when I needed to find comfort and peace.”
Jordan retired twice in his 15-year career, finishing with 32292 points, the third highest total points in NBA history behind Kareem Abdul-Jabbar and Karl Malone. His average of 30.12 points a game is the best in the League.
“One day you might look up and see me playing the game at 50,” Jordan said. “Because limits, like fears, are often just an illusion.” (假象) In other words, it was motivation that made Jordan such a success..
A great career did not mean a smooth one. His high school coach cut him from the team in favor of a taller player when Jordan was in 10th grade. His college coach wouldn’t allow him on the cover of Sports Illustration in 1981 with North Carolina’s four other players because Jordan was a freshman. In his first NBA All-Star game, older NBA stars wouldn’t throw him the ball because of jealousy.
“That burned me up,” Jordan said. “But obstacle don’t have to stop you. If you run into a wall, don’t turn around and give up. Figure out how to climb it, go through it, or work around it.” When Jordan became a member of the Basketball Hall of Fame,_____
| A．he found something more encouraging . |
| B．he was so excited that he couldn’t hold his tears back. |
| C．he was happy and sad at the same time. |
| D．he felt very comfortable and peaceful. |
Who scored the highest total points in NBA history?
| A．Michael Jordon. | B．Karl Malone. |
| C．Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. | D．Kobe Bryant. |
When in college basketball team, Jordan ______
| A．was not experienced enough to be favored by his coach. |
| B．was the pet of his basketball coach. |
| C．was the best player in the team |
| D．was the tallest one of all basketball players. |
What does the word “obstacle” mean in the passage?
| A．Something that makes you feel uncomfortable |
| B．The coach who thinks you are not suitable for playing basketball. |
| C．A wall in the basketball court to stop players in training. |
| D．Something that makes it difficult for you to achieve your goal. |
Scientists studying the impact of climate change on the Arctic need to consider ways to reduce their own carbon footprints(碳排放量), says Ryan Brook, a researcher who regularly flies north to study the health of caribous(驯鹿).He calls on scientists to show leadership by examining and sharing ways to reduce the impact of working in polar regions.
“The importance of the research is not at question here. It is important to our understanding of and adapting to climate change. But we need to think about better approaches,” says Brook.
“This is an issue for all scientists, though polar researchers often travel particularly long distances using commercial air travel. We also rely extensively on small aircraft, icebreakers, and snowmobiles, all of which produce large amounts of carbon.”
Brook studies the health of caribou herds in Nunavut and Northwest Territories. He works with northern wildlife managers. This work typically takes him north five or six times per year and when he calculated his own carbon footprint, he was not happy with the result.
“My research footprints are about the same as the annual footprints of an average Toronto resident. Basically, I have two footprints — my own personal life, which is moderate, and my research footprint.”
Climate scientists can rightly argue that Arctic research is a specialized field and the community of scientists who travel north is relatively small. Even if all scientists working in the north reduced their carbon emissions, it would not make a big impact on the global scale. For Brook, it’s the option that matters.
There are ways researchers can reduce the amount of carbon they use. Some helicopters use less fuel than others. Solar and wind power are alternatives to gas-fired generators. And while carbon offsets(抵消) don’t reduce the amount of carbon emitted, they are an easy first step.
“There aren’t necessarily any easy answers, but we need to start talking about it,” says Brook. “This is particularly important for the next generation of scientists being trained and I hope to see them become leaders in this issue.”What did Brook find when he calculated his own carbon footprints?
| A．His carbon footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident. |
| B．His personal life footprints are more than the annual footprints of a Toronto resident. |
| C．His research footprints are about the same as his personal life footprints. |
| D．His personal life footprints are more than his research footprints. |
Brook’s opinion is challenged by the statement that .
| A．arctic research is very important |
| B．the Arctic is a special environment |
| C．the footprints of Arctic scientists are small |
| D．Brook’s situation is a common phenomenon |
We can infer from the last paragraph that .
| A．we should take actions immediately instead of just talking |
| B．it’s easy to start talking about the problem of carbon emissions |
| C．it’s necessary now to pay attention to the problem of research footprints |
| D．the next generation of scientists are more interested in research footprints |
What’s the main idea of the text?
| A．The importance of arctic research is not at question. |
| B．Climate change becomes worse because of arctic research. |
| C．Brook suggests ways of reducing the use of carbon. |
| D．Scientists must look at their own carbon footprints. |
In all one’s lifetime it is oneself that one spends the most time being with or dealing with. But it is exactly oneself that one has the least understanding of.
When you are going upwards in life you tend to overestimate yourself. It seems that everything you seek for is within your reach. When you are going downhill you tend to underestimate yourself, mistaking difficulties for your own incompetence.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to gain a correct view of oneself-aware of both one’s strengths and shortages. You may look forward hopefully to the future but be sure not to expect too much, for ideals can never be fully realized. You may be courageous to meet challenges but it should be clear to you where to direct your efforts. That’s to say so long as you have a perfect knowledge of yourself there won’t be difficulties you can’t overcome.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself needs self-appreciation. Whether you think you are a towering tree or a blade of grass, a high mountain or a small stone, you represent a state of nature that has its own value. If you earnestly admire yourself you’ll have a real sense of self-appreciation, which will give you confidence. As soon as you gain full confidence in yourself, you’ll be enabled to fight and overcome any adversity.
To get a thorough understanding of oneself also requires doing oneself a favor when it’s needed. In time of sadness, do yourself a favor by sharing it with your friends so as to change a gloomy mood into a cheerful one; in time of tiredness, do yourself a favor by getting a good sleep. As you are aware, what a person physically has is but a human body that’s vulnerable when exposed to the elements. So if you fall ill, it’s up to you to take a good care of yourself.
In a word, to get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full control of one’s life. Then one will find one’s life full of color and flavor. What is described in Paragraph 2 is to show that .
| A．a person is easy to estimate himself too high when succeeding |
| B．it is difficult for one to have a perfect knowledge of oneself |
| C．you should keep up high spirits whatever difficulties you meet |
| D．it is essential that a person get a thorough understanding of himself |
Remember not to expect too much of yourself when looking forward to the future because .
| A．your shortages might stop you succeeding |
| B．ideals can never be turned into realities |
| C．you are likely to lack enough courage |
| D．you haven’t understood yourself quite well |
Having a real sense of self-appreciation can enable one .
| A．to realize one’s shortages | B．not to be too proud |
| C．to gain enough self-confidence | D．not to go downhill |
If this passage is divided into three parts, the second part should consist of .
| A．Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3 | B．Paragraph 2 to Paragraph 5 |
| C．Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5 | D．Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5 |