【江苏省无锡市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容,在每小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
An early form of a game in which a ball was kicked around a field is recorded in 1004 B.C. Japan. Some sports historians believe that the game of soccer began in England in the third century, however. They say that early English warriors(武士) kicked around the head of a killed enemy. This may or may not be true, but it is certain that soccer is an ancient sport.
Without doubt, the English played soccer during the times of King Edward I in the 1300s. In fact, the king passed a law against playing it. The law said, "There is great noise ... caused by kicking large balls from which many ghosts may appear." Anyone caught playing soccer at that time was put into prison. Two hundred years later, Queen Elizabeth I still had people put into prison for playing this "vulgar" sport.
Although there were such laws, soccer grew more popular. In 1681 it became an official(正式的) sport in England. By the 1800s, people throughout the country played soccer. By the 18th century, upper-class boys played it at schools. Its popularity grew among all English people.
At a meeting held in an English school in 1843, the first rules were suggested. In 1863 the heads of English soccer teams met in London to agree on some official rules. They organized an English football association(协会). By 1871 all of the English clubs were following these rules. Today all soccer teams play by them.
Soccer is called "football" everywhere but in the United States. The game is played mostly with feet. No players except the goalie (守门员 ) may touch the ball with their hands. They may control the ball with any part of the body except their hands.
Soccer is by far the world's most popular sport. Every four years, nearly every country in the world tlghts for the World Cup. Tens of billions of soccer fans from around the world watch the World Cup on television.According to the passage, a "vulgar" sport probably
A.appears to be rude |
B.appears to be old |
C.requires lots of energy |
D.requires good teamwork |
Which ofthe following shows the right order ofthe development ofthe game?
Upper-class boy students played it at schools.
An English football association was organized.
It became a popular sport throughout England.
The rules were accepted by all English clubs.
Playing the game was considered to be guilty.
A.e-c-a-b-d. | B.e-c-a-d-b. | C.e-a-c-b-d. | D.e-a-c-d-b. |
What can we learn from the passage?
A.It is certain that soccer has a history ofover l,800 years. |
B.The English had to play soccer in secret for two centuries. |
C.Football is called "soccer" in the US because of the rules. |
D.The king passed the law against the game for a stupid reason. |
This passage is mainly about
A.why the game is so popular |
B.how the game has developed |
C.what the game is like |
D.where the game first began |
The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn, England.
Charles’ father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Charles’ father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.
As a boy Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things: eggs, stones, and leaves. His father did not like this, as Charles was not studying very well at school.
①为了成为一名医生,十六岁时达尔文就被送到爱丁堡大学(Edinburgh University) 学习。But he was interested in the history of nature.
Then he studied at Cambridge University until 1831.
Some time later, he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited New Zealand, Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants, which he sent home from the places he visited.
When he returned home, Darwin was warmly greeted by his families and many friends.
In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, where he continued his studies of the changes in nature. ②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species. It made a great hit in the world of science. ③He was opposed (反对) by the church and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.
Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.
请根据文章内容回答问题。Why didn’t Charles become a doctor?
____________________________________________________________________When did Charles start the research with the Beagle?
_____________________________________________________________________
◆根据短文内容,完成下列各题。请将①处划线句子翻译成英语。
_______________________________________________________________________请将②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
________________________________________________________________________请改写③处划线句子, 使其意思与原句一致(每空一词)。
The church and even some scientists ____________ ___________ him.
According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Now in some cities of China, many schools start a new lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens.
Lin Li, a teacher from Yantai, gives young students some advice on how to deal with danger.
If you are in a traffic accident
If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don’t know how seriously you are hurt.
If it is raining hard and there is lightning
Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees.
When there is a fire
Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Don’t take the lift.
If someone is drowning
If you can’t swim, don’t get into water. Cry out for help.
Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care or yourself at all times!
If you are robbed (抢劫)
Keep calm. If you can not cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later.
根据文章内容,完成下列表格。
Best title: _____ |
|
Danger |
What to do |
____ |
◆If hit by a car, you’re supposed to ◆If hit by a bike, call your parents. |
Raining with lightning |
Stay at low places and keep away from trees. |
Fire |
Don’t take the lift and find an ___ |
Drowning |
If you can’t swim, just shout “Help!” |
Robbery |
◆Keep calm. ◆Remember the robber’s ____ |
Once there was a huge apple tree. A little boy loved to come and play around it every day. He loved the tree and the tree loved to play with him.
Time went by --- the little boy had grown up and he no longer played around the tree every day. One day, the boy came back to the tree and he looked sad. “Come and play with me,” the tree asked the boy. “I’m no longer a kid. I wouldn’t play around the tree any more.” the boy replied. “I want toys. I need money to buy them.” “Sorry, I don’t have money. But you can pick all my apples and sell them. So, you will have money.” The boy picked all the apples on the tree and left happily. The boy never came back after he picked the apples.
One day, the boy returned and the tree was so excited, “Come and play with me,” the tree said. “I don’t have time to play. I have to work for my family. We need a house for shelter. Can you help?” “Sorry, I don’t have a house. But you can cut off my branches to build your house.” So the boy cut all the branches off the tree and left happily. The tree was glad to see him happy but the boy never came back since then. The tree was again lonely and sad.
One hot summer day, the boy returned and the tree was pleased. “Come and play with me!” the tree said. “I am sad and getting old. I want to go sailing to relax myself. Can you give me a boat?” “Use my trunk to build your boat. You can sail far away and be happy.” So the boy cut the tree trunk to make a boat. He went sailing and never showed up for a long time.
Finally, the boy returned after he left for so many years. “Sorry, my boy. But I don’t have anything for you any more. The only thing left is my dying root,” the tree said with tears ①
“Good! Old tree root is the best place to lean on and rest. Come and sit down with me and rest.” The boy sat down and the tree was glad and smiled with tears ② -------Why did the boy pick all the apples on the tree?
----Because __________.
A.he wanted to eat them | B.he needed money to buy toys |
C.he liked the tree without apples | D.he wanted to share them with friends. |
----When did the boy come back to the apple tree?
----He came back _________.
A.whenever he was happy | B.if he missed the apple tree |
C.when he was in times of difficulty | D.as soon as he was free |
----What did the boy want at last?
----He wanted ___________.
A.to have a house to live in | B.nothing except a place to rest |
C.the root of the apple tree | D.anything that the apple tree had |
----What can we learn from the story?
----We should _________.
A.plant more apple trees | B.learn from the boy |
C.always stay at home | D.be thankful to our parents |
According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.The phrase “with tears ①” means that the apple tree was sad because the boy asked for too much. |
B.The phrase “with tears ②” means that the apple tree was still happy because she could help the boy for the last time. |
C.Each time the boy asked the apple tree for help, the tree tried her best to satisfy him. |
D.After reading the passage, we can easily think of the old Chinese saying “Parents’ love is universal!” |
![]() Once you open the book, you will become a good speaker. Susan Weinschenk’s excellent ideas on how to make a perfect speech are very helpful to you. With the help of the book, you will be confident to know how to give your speech. Also, you will learn how to attract your audience during the speech. |
![]() Car and Driver is the world’s most popular automotive magazine. The people who like cars can get information and entertainment from it. It offers the best vehicle (机动车) tests in the business. The magazine also covers the latest developments in car technology. |
![]() There are four parts in IELTS: listening, speaking, reading and writing. Listening is very important. Are you confident? Have you made good preparation? The book IELTS Listening is helpful for your preparation for IELTS. |
![]() The book offers healthy and delicious food. These dishes can all be completed in less than half an hour, and in many cases, in just a few minutes. Sisson and Meier show you how to delight your family or guests every time with quick, delicious meals using local materials: meats, healthy fats (yes, and real butter) and common herbs and spices. |
Who wrote Designing Effective Speech Interfaces?
A.Susan Weinschenk | B.Sisson | C.Meier | D.Jack Smith |
Suppose you are going to join in an English talk show, which of the following can you refer to (参考)?
A.IELTS Listening | B.Car and Driver |
C.Quick & Easy Meals. | D.Designing Effective Speech Interfaces. |
We can find the latest developments in car technology in the _________ of Car and Driver.
A.newspaper | B.Magazine |
C.passage | D.article |
The book Quick & Easy Meals teaches us how to make ____________ in a short time.
A.Chinese food | B.junk food |
C.common herbs and spices | D.healthy and delicious food |
What’s the meaning of the word “delight” in Quick & Easy Meals?
A.To cook the food well | B.To turn on the light |
C.To make people happy | D.To show people how to cook. |
Martin Lynch, an American businessman, had been going on vacation to a small Mexican fishing village for a number of ears. One morning while going for a walk along the beach, he saw his friend Pablo Perez, a local fisherman. Martin watched Pablo unload his boat and pack the fish in a box.
Martin noticed Pablo was smiling and looked very happy. He could also see several large fish in the boat. Martin greeted Pablo and asked how long it took to catch the fish. “Just a few hours,” replied Pablo. Martin asked, “Why didn’t you stay longer and catch more fish?” “I have enough for my family,” Pablo said. “And what do you do with the rest of your day?” asked Martin. “I take a nap, play with my children, spend time with my wife, and go into the village to see my friends and play cards, I have a full and busy life.” Martin explained that if Pablo worked longer hours and caught more fish, he could make more money. With the extra money, Pablo could buy more boats and catch money more fish. By selling the fish, Pablo could open his own factory and sell direct to supermarkets.
“Then what?” asked Pablo. “Well you would probably have to move to Mexico City to run the business. Finally, you would be able to sell your business and make millions of dollars,” replied Martin. “How long will that take?” asked Pablo.
Martin thought for a while and said it would probably take at least 15 years.
“And then what” asked Pablo.
“Well, that’s the best part,” Martin said. “You will be able to retire, buy a house near the ocean, sleep longer, play with your children, spend more time with your wife, see your friends, and play cards.”What is the story mainly about?
A.A businessman and a fisherman have become friends. |
B.A businessman learns how to fish from a fisherman. |
C.A businessman wants to become a businessman. |
D.A businessman gives advice to a fisherman. |
What makes the Mexican fisherman happy is ______________.
A.many friends to visit him |
B.a full and busy life |
C.more boats and more fish |
D.the house near the ocean |
How can the fisherman make more money in the businessman’s view?
A.By buying a supermarket. |
B.To move to Mexico City. |
C.By selling his own business. |
D.To work longer and catch more fish. |
The underlined word “unload” in the passage means ____________.
A.put … into | B.take … away from |
C.break down | D.set off |
We can infer from the passage that ____________.
A.the fisherman will stay the same with his life |
B.the fisherman will leave the village for Mexico City |
C.the business man will buy the fisherman’s boat |
D.it takes all day for the fisherman to catch large fish |