【山东省青岛市2015年中考英语试题】阅读下面短文,按要求完成各项任务。(共8分)
Where is the true home of hamburger?
The kind of beef we see in hamburgers , minced(切碎)beef, was possibly invented by Mongolians over 800 years ago. But who first put the beef between pieces of bread and called it a hamburger? Three different cities in the United States all say that they were the first to invent America’s favorite food.
Some people say that Fletcher Davis, from Athens, invented hamburgers. “Old Dave,” as people called him, was selling minced beef sandwiches in his lunch bar as early as the 1880s. Some years later, they say that a group of Germans called①his sandwich a “hamburger” because people from the German city of Hamburger ate this kind of beef.
Other people believe that the hamburger came from a different American city.②coincidentally, its name was also Hamburg. The Menches brothers were selling pork sandwiches at a fair in 1885, but when there was no more pork, they used minced beef and gave it a new name, the “hamburger”.
The third possible inventor of the hamburger was Charlie Nagreen, also known as “Hamburger Charlie,” from Seymour. He said that in 1885 he invented the world’s first hamburgers. Seymour now celebrates the invention of the hamburger every year. In 1989, it was the home of the world’s largest ever burger—over 2,500kg!
任务一请根据短文内容,完成句子。每空一词。
1. There are three American cities in this passage. They are Athens, And .
2. When there was no more at the1885 fair, the Menches brothers used minced beef .
任务二请根据短文内容,用英语表达 ①处划线单词his 所指代的内容。
任务三请根据短文内容,猜测②处划线单词coincidentally 的中文意思。 将其字母代号填写在答题卡上。
A 幸运地 B 碰巧地 C 相反地
任务四请根据短文内容, 回答问题。
How often is the invention the hamburger celebrated in Seymour? .
任务五请从文中找出与Mongolians possibly invented minced beef a long time ago. 意思相近的句子。
.
任务六请用英语简要概括出本文的主旨大意,不超过10个词。
It ‘s mainly about .
I went to a volunteer orientation(志愿者活动情况介绍会) at Salinas Valley Memorial Hospital in California several days ago.
Before I went there, I thought it was just a meeting for us to learn some basic information on how to do volunteer work. To my surprise, this meeting lasted for four hours! It told us in detail how to be a good volunteer at hospital.
For example, Graham, the director, told us to keep eye contact while offering help and never wait to be asked but offer help first. She also told us to bend down(弯下腰) to listen while patients are talking to show that we’re willing to hear. We should lead them to ask others for help if we can’t answer their questions and never say: it is not my business.
For the whole meeting, Miss Graham taught us how to satisfy patients through our words, body language and manners. It impressed me a lot. Americans pay so much attention to serving people with a professional attitude(专业的态度).
I suddenly realized why many people feel foreigners are really nice and friendly. They have been trained to do so since they were young. They always ask themselves: How do people feel toward my service? How can I improve to let them feel better? I really like this kind of culture.According to the first two paragraphs, we learn the following about the volunteer orientation EXCEPT ____.
A.it was held in a hospital |
B.it lasted for four hours |
C.it told people how to be a good volunteer at hospital |
D.it talked about the kinds of volunteer work there are |
As a volunteer at hospital, you should ____.
A.always wait to be asked |
B.bend down to listen when being asked |
C.show them that you know everything |
D.leave them alone if you can’t help |
The last paragraph mainly talks about ____.
A.what the whole meeting was about |
B.why the meeting was successful |
C.cultural differences between China and the US |
D.what the writer learned from the meeting |
What does the writer think of such culture in the US?
A.She feels that it is great. |
B.She doesn’t like it. |
C.She feels that it is hard to understand. |
D.She thinks only the US has this kind of culture. |
London used to be “foggy”--- the “fog” was in fact smog, a mixture of smoke and fog. In other words, it was caused by air pollution. In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but a lot of it came from the coal that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter. By the 1950s, London’s smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean up the air. It didn’t allow people to born coal in any British city. A few years later, the air became much cleaner.
Today many Chinese cities face the same problem with air pollution that London faced sixty years ago. However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve. One reason is that more of pollution comes from big factories, rather than from the coal burnt in people’s houses. If these factories were suddenly closed, it would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs. Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuels is quite expensive. However, the air in many cities will become cleaner, as the government and ordinary people pay more and more attention to protecting the environment. Where was the pollution from in London over sixty years ago?
A.The pollution came from factories. |
B.The pollution was from coal that people burnt in their houses. |
C.The pollution was from too much traffic on the roads. |
D.The pollution was from factories and coal that people burnt in their houses. |
How was the air in London after the government didn’t allow people to born coal in any British city?
A.It was still foggy. | B.It was smog. |
C.It was much cleaner. | D.It was stormy. |
What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
A.In most of Chinese cities there is smog. |
B.The reasons of smog in China. |
C.The reasons of why it’s difficult for China to solve “smog”. |
D.What did Chinese government do to solve “smog”. |
Which of the following is not true EXCEPT ____.
A.people in London were allowed to born coal sixty years ago. |
B.the air pollution in many Chinese cities is not serious. |
C.smog in fact is a mixture of smoke and fog. |
D.changing from coal to cleaner fuels is quite easy and cheap. |
In Singapore, many middle school students spend a lot of their time on their studies. Good education is often regarded as a ticket to success in their future. So many of these students try their best to get a good mark in their examinations. They have a lot of homework every day and exams are a big headache. Sometimes some of them are even made to remedial(补习的) classes after school.
Schools run activities outside school hours. The students like to take part in sports and games, music and dance, hiking and rock-climbing, etc. They are also active in community service.
In their spare time, most students like to listen to pop music. Hollywood blockbusters(大片) ,Hong Kong and Singapore movies are very popular among them. They understand IT very well .Some of them also spend their free time surfing the Internet, emailing their friends, playing computer and video games.
They sometimes go to cafes, fast food restaurants, shopping centers and big bookstores.
So, it looks like life as a middle school student in Singapore is not easy but it is rich and colorful.What is not mentioned in the passage?
A.School work. |
B.After-class activities. |
C.Subjects. |
D.Things to do in the spare time. |
Why do students work hard at school in Singapore?
A.Because they have a lot of homework to do every day. |
B.Because they have to go to remedial classes. |
C.Because they want to have a good future. |
D.Because they have many outside school activities. |
What does the underline sentence mean in the first paragraph?
A.Students are afraid of the exams. |
B.Students have a headache before an exam. |
C.Students have too many exams. |
D.Students are in poor health because of exams. |
What is the best title of this passage?
A.Middle school students in Singapore. |
B.Hard life for students in Singapore. |
C.Remedial classes in Singapore. |
D.Colorful Life of Middle School Students in Singapore. |
What is the most probably reason the sweater is the girl’s favorite?
A.The girl’s grandma made it. |
B.The girl got it at the age of three. |
C.The yarn is the color of bluebells. |
D.The cat uses it for the kittens. |
The word “kitten” in this poem most probably means ____.
A.a kind of food | B.a baby cat |
C.a kind of drink | D.a bed for a baby |
Why has the girl given the sweater away?
A.The girl wants her grandma to make a new sweater. |
B.The girl will no longer like the sweater. |
C.The girl likes her new jacket better than the sweater. |
D.The girl is too big for the sweater |
The Beijing Underground’s Line Ten will soon have 40 “reverse vending machines(有偿自动回收机)”,which will pay people for their empty plastic bottles.
“We have placed two such machines at Beijing Capital International Airport and four at the city’s underground stations. They have been well received so far,” said Feng Juan, an engineer from the company which makes the machines. “People are encouraged and paid for turning waste into treasure. More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected since December,” she said.
If something else, such as waste paper, is thrown into the machine, the machine will spit(吐) it out.“Supported by the government, the reverse vending machines will be introduced to colleges and universities soon,” Feng said.
The company is also considering covering more recycling materials, including used books and teaching materials.
“Long-term plans call for about 2,000 reverse vending machines to be place throughout the city in the next few years, including 80 at colleges and universities, shopping malls, communities and office buildings,” Feng said.
Chang Tao, director of the company, said that if the new project works well in the city, the company will consider offering the waste-to-treasure service to other developed cities in the eastern part of China.At present reverse vending machines are used at __________.
A.the airport and underground stations |
B.colleges and universities |
C.communities and office buildings |
D.shopping malls and companies |
Which sign probably represents the meaning of the underlined word “recycling”?
Which of the following is an opinion rather than a fact?
A.More than 30,000 empty bottles have been collected. |
B.Feng Juan and Chang Tao work in the same company. |
C.The machines might help people develop a recycling habit. |
D.People are paid for putting empty plastic bottles into the machines. |
Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A.Machines help turn waste into treasure. |
B.A new machine has become popular |
C.A creative project works well in China. |
D.People are encouraged to collect bottles |