【陕西省2015年中考英语试题】阅读下面B、C、D三篇短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分）
D
The eagle has the longest life of its group. It can reach up to 70 years. But to reach this age, the eagle must make a hard and painful decision.
When an eagle reaches near 40, its short sharp beak becomes bent（弯曲的）. Its long and once flexible（灵活的） talons can no longer catch animals or birds for food. And its old and heavy wings with thick feathers on its body make it difficult to fly.
Then, the eagle has only tow choices: to die or to go through a painful time of change which needs five months.
When the eagle feels weak and is about to die, it goes to a place far away on the top of a mountain and sits on a nest. For a new life, the eagle knocks its beak against a rock until it pulls its beak out. After pulling it out, the eagle waits for a new beak to grow. And then it pulls out its talons and old feathers. It takes the eagle five months to complete its change and get a new life. We can call it its rebirth. So it can live for 30 more years.
Like the eagle, we human beings sometimes need to make some change to get out of our difficulty. In miserable condition, we have to change our ways of life. The changing may be very painful. But sometimes we have to throw off our old habits, memories and traditions. We can’t go on with all our past burdens（重负）.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．When an eagle reaches near 40, its short sharp beak is still straight. |
| B．For a new life, the eagle knocks its talons against a rock. |
| C．If the eagle doesn’t change itself, it will have a new life. |
| D．The writer’s idea is that we can’t go on with all our past burdens. |
The underlined word“miserable” here probably means“ ”.
| A．terrible | B．good | C．lonely | D．lucky |
The best title for the passage can be“ ”.
| A．The death of the eagle |
| B．The living period of the eagle |
| C．A good and easy decision |
| D．Rebirth of the eagle |
Teenagers shouldn’t eat too much junk food.
Teenagers shouldn’t eat food with too much salt. Salt can cause high blood pressure in the future.
Teenagers should eat food with less fat, oil and sugar.
Teenagers need to eat some fruits and vegetables every day. Fruits and vegetates are rich in vitamins and have little fat.
Teenagers need to drink more milk. Milk will help their bones grow.
Teenagers need to eat breakfast every day. This is good for their bodies and minds. According to the doctors’ advice, what does junk food include?
| A．Milk and vitamins. |
| B．Fruits and sugar |
| C．Vegetables and salt. |
| D．Fat, oil , salt and sugar. |
In this passage, doctors thinks that teenagers should eat more.
| A．food with no vitamins | B．fat and sugar |
| C．Vegetables and fruits | D．salt and oil |
The best title for this passage is .
| A．Bad Habits. | B．Junk Food. |
| C．Unhealthy Food | D．Advice on Healthy Eating |
Getting recognization（认可）from National Geographic, a famous US magazine, is the dream for many photographers. A lucky Chinese teenage photographer has made this dream come true just after his 14th birthday last year.
With his work Qiangtoucao (Weed on the Wall), Gong Zijie, a student from Changsha, Hunan, won the 2014 International Photography Contest for Kids in China’s competition last year. It was hosted by National Geographic Kids. Gong got the first place in the Wild Vacation part. His photo shows the shadow (影子) of a weed (野草) on the Palace Museum’s red walls. In world-famous photographer Li Shaobai’s words, “The picture is silent, but it’s also powerful.” How did Gong make it? “I just saw the weed and found it lonely and helpless,” said Gong.
Gong learned photography from his father, a photographer working for Hunan TV. Since the age of 4, he has been following his father to learn to take pictures.
Gong is a patient photographer. When he views something valuable, he can spend hours waiting for the perfect time for the picture. Compared with beautiful sights, the young photographer is paying more attention to social topic. In Gong’s pictures of Liuyang River, hundreds of dead fish show us the deadly results of pollution. He has made up his mind to document polluted rivers at least once every year to focus more people’s eyes on the environment.
“Now photography is not only a hobby, but also a duty for me,” said Gong.Where did Gong Zijie take the photo named “Qiangtoucao”?
How did Li Shaobai like Gong’s photo in the passage?
What is Gong’s father?
How long has Gong learned photography?
Did Gong decide to document polluted rivers only once a year?
We often praise the world of science.
It explains the world and makes our lives easier with technology. One of the most exciting fields in science is artificial intelligence (人工智能，AI). This is an area where scientists are working on creating machines that think like humans.
However, one of the most famous scientists has a very dark warning for us about this type of technology.
“The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race,” said Professor Stephen Hawking to the BBC.
Hawking is a well-known British physicist and author of bestselling science book A Brief History of Time. This warning came after commenting（评论）the technology he uses to speak with. As Hawking has got a serious disease called ALS, he needs an AI computer to communicate. The computer learns how Hawking thinks and suggests the words he may want to use next.
This is a basic type of AI, which is very useful, yet Hawking fears the possibility of creating technology that can match or surpass human intelligence. And it’s easy to imagine how terrible things may be. Many TV shows and films show big, killer machines that are far cleverer than us. “Humans, who are limited（限制） by slow biological evolution (进化), couldn’t compete,” said Hawking.
But not every scientist is pessimistic (悲观的) about AI technology. “I believe we will be in control of the technology for a long time,” said Rollo Carpenter, creator of Cleverbot in the UK, which is a software program that remembers past conversations. “The advantages of it to solve many of the world problems will be realized.” In what direction do you think AI is heading? Should we be hopeful or fearful?Which of the following is TRUE about AI?
A. It makes our lives easier.
B. The technology is not very popular now.
C. Scientists haven’t controlled the technology.The writer took Hawking as an example to ______.
A. explain how AI has helped us
B. show AI has already become part of our life
C. suggest that AI might become dangerous for humansWhat does the underlined word “surpass” mean in the passage?
A. 象征 B.促进 C. 超越We can know from the last paragraph that _________.
A. Rollo agrees with Hawking
B. Rollo is a British creator
C. Rollo invented Cleverbot in the USWhich of the following can be a suitable title for this article?
A. AI: a friend or an enemy
B. The future of human beings
C. The fight between humans and AI
Recycling is a way to take trash and turn it into new products. There are a number of different recycling processes that allow materials to be used more than once.
All kinds of materials can be recycled. Some of the most common processes in use today involve（牵涉） recycling plastic, glass, metals, paper, electronics and so on. Items made of these materials include soda cans, plastic boxes, newspapers, old computers, and cardboard boxes.
There are many steps in recycling. It isn’t actually a simple process and is different for each type of material. For example, paper starts its recycling process by being mixed with water and other chemicals to break it down. This process finally turns the paper into a pulp(纸浆). Then remove the plastics and other useless materials from the pulp. After that, it gets cleaned. Now the pulp is ready to be made into new paper.
However, computers and batteries（电池） are usually recycled in order to remove harmful chemicals as well as to find again some valuable materials such as gold.
In general, we should follow different steps in the recycling process. These steps are:
·Collecting recyclable materials, like cans and plastic bottles.
·Processing(加工) the old materials and making new items.
·Buying items made from recycled materials.What is recycling?
A. It makes your heart and body strong.
B. It is to reuse anything that can be used again.
C. It means keeping the land , air and water clean.Paragraph 2 mainly tells us _____.
A. recycling is very easy
B. recycling process is different
C. what materials can be recycledWhich shows the recycling process of paper correctly?
a. cleaning it
b. removing useless materials
c. being mixed with water and other chemicals
d. turning the paper into a pulp
A. c-d-b-a B. b-a-d-c C. c-a -b-dBatteries shouldn’t be thrown into the fields because ______.
A. the chemicals in them are harmful to the fields
B. some of the batteries are very expensive
C. the batteries are good for the plants in the fieldsAccording to the passage, the first step of recycling is ______.
A. throwing cans and plastic bottles away
B. collecting recyclable materials
C. buying items made from recycled materials
When you have a different opinion with your friend, what should you do? One of the ways is to talk to your friend and tell him or her how you’re feeling. It’s always important to share your feelings with your friend.
Of course, sometimes friends do drift apart. As we grow older, our interests change and sometimes this means that a friendship may not be as close as it once was. This also means that you , too, may find a different group of friends to spend time with.
Then what should you do to keep friends? One helpful thing is to be sure you let others know you like them. Smile, talk to them, listen with interest and praise them for the things you like about them. People naturally like to make friends with the people who understand and enjoy them.
It’s also important to remember that you should always be yourself. Sometimes when you focus on “keeping friends”, you might begin to do things or act in some ways that aren’t normally part of your personality. Moreover, if your friend is unfriendly to you, that doesn’t mean you should become hurtful to other people. If keeping a friendship means you have to become someone who you aren’t, that friendship isn’t worth keeping.When you have a different opinion with your friends, you should _____.
A. keep quiet and have a good rest
B. tell how you’re feeling to them
C. keep away from them for daysWhen the writer says “friends do drift apart” in the second paragraph, he wants to express _____.
A. people remain friends for a lifetime
B. the friendship is closer and closer
C. the friendship is not as close as beforeWhich of the following is good for keeping friends?
A. Praise and enjoy your friends.
B. Never understand the weakness of friends.
C. Say something that does harm to your friends.The last paragraph tells us that ______.
A. it’s important to always agree with our friends
B. people shouldn’t lose themselves to keep friends
C. we are encouraged to be hurtful to unfriendly peopleThe passage is mainly about _____.
A. feelings B. education C. Friendship