【山东省济宁市2015年中考英语试题】阅读理解（共 16 小题，计 24 分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答 案D。
No one knows exactly when jazz was invented, or by whom. But it is said that it began in the early 1900s.
Jazz was a new kind of music, for America and the world, and New Orleans was its birthplace.
Who were the jazz pioneers? Most were blacks. This music was not written down, and at first only blacks played it. It was hard for white musicians to learn the new style. But soon they, too, were playing jazz.
The popularity of this music spread. From New Orleans, it traveled up the Mississippi to Chicago, then to Kansas City and New York. By the 1920s, there were many jazz musicians, both black and white. Many of them were famous. One man was better than the rest. His name was Louis Armstrong.
Louis Armstrong was a born musician. He was not only talented but also hard-working. He also had a good sense of humor and a big, good-natured smile. These personal qualities were valuable in his rise to fame. After he became famous, he traveled around the world. It seemed that everyone wanted to hear Louis play. But life was not always easy, especially at the beginning.
Louis Armstrong was born in 1900 in New Orleans. His father never went to school and his mother could hardly read. When Louis was still a kid, his parents separated, and Louis lived with his mother. How hard their life was can readily be imagined. And yet Louis smiled through everything. He later wrote, “My whole life has been happiness. Life was there for me and I accepted it. Whatever happened has been beautiful to me. I love everybody.”
What can we know exactly from the first paragraph?
| A．Who invented jazz. |
| B．When jazz was invented. |
| C．Where jazz was invented. |
| D．Why jazz was invented. |
The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refers to（指）____ ____.
| A．New styles. | B．Jazz pioneers. |
| C．Black musicians. | D．White musicians. |
What made Louis Armstrong become the best jazz musician?
| A．His family background. |
| B．His talent and hard work. |
| C．His good sense of humor. |
| D．His big, good-natured smiles. |
Which of the following best expresses Louis Armstrong’s attitude (态度) to life?
| A．He laughs best who laughs last. |
| B．Failure is the mother of success. |
| C．When you smile, the world smiles ba ck. |
| D．Without music, life is a journe y through a desert. |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．The development of jazz. |
| B．The influence of jazz on Americans. |
| C．The achievements of Louis Armstrong. |
| D．The development of jazz and its best musician. |
根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。
Most animals are helped by people. They can’t live without us. But sometimes people have made the environment worse. For example, in some parts of the world the forests are being cut down.
The animals in the forests have become fewer and fewer. People hope to grow more food on the land, but the wind blows the earth away. Now forests become smaller and smaller, the soil becomes poorer and poorer. Now there are fewer animals and plants in the world. Insects (昆虫) are usually killed, but some plants need insects. Their seeds (种子) can’t spread without them. Birds eat insects, and without insects many kinds of birds will die.
There are hundreds and hundreds of plants and animals, and each plant is helped by another, so does each animal. If you hurt one, you will hurt another, then another. Scientists know this well. They don’t want people to break their environment.It isn’t good for our environment to cut down forests.
Animals in the world are becoming fewer and fewer.
Animals and plants helped by each other.
After the wind blows, the earth becomes richer and richer.
This article tells us it is important to make our environment worse and worse.
根据短文内容，选择正确的选项。
The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means(交流方式). Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.
Man has been polluting the earth. The more people, the more pollution. Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in a place, men moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.
Air pollution is still the most serious. It’s bad to all living things in the world, but it is not only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills fish and pollutes drinking water. Noise pollution makes us become angry more easily.
Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. They stop the people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from blowing dirty smoke into the air.
The pollution of SO2 is now the most dangerous problem of air pollution. It is mostly caused by heavy traffic. It is certain that if there are fewer people driving, there will be less air pollution.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. That means keeping the land, water and air clean. And we must try to control the growth of population at the same time.Our world is becoming much smaller .
| A．because the earth is being polluted day and night |
| B．because science is developing |
| C．because of the rise in population |
| D．because the earth is blown away by the wind every year |
Thousands of years ago, life was it is today.
| A．much easier than | B．as easy as |
| C．as hard as | D．much harder than |
Pollution comes in many ways. We can even hear it. Here “it” means .
| A．water pollution | B．air pollution |
| C．noise pollution | D．rubbish |
What is the most dangerous problem of air pollution?
| A．CO2 | B．H2O | C．SO2 | D．CO |
Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution because .
| A．it’s bad to all living things in the world |
| B．it makes much noise |
| C．it has made our rivers and lakes dirty |
| D．it makes us become angry more easily |
The London Eye
The London Eye was opened on New Year’s Eve in 1999 to celebrate the Millennium (千禧年). It is 135 meters high, and from the top you can see the whote London. On a clear day you can even see Windsor Castle, which is 40 kilometers away. The London Eye has 32 capsules (密封舱), each with room for 25 people. Each “trip” lasts 30 minutes. It moves quite slowly, at a speed of about 15 meters a minute, but it never stops. Passengers have to get on when it’s moving.
OPENING TIME: Daily from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. in summer and from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. in winter.
TICKETS: Online or by phone. A limited number of tickets are available (可获得的) in the day.From the Ticket Office in County Hall (the building next to the Eye), but go early because you often have to wait in a queue.
HOW TO GET THERE: 5 minutes’ walk from Waterloo underground station.
Choose the best answers:The London Eye was built for celebrating __
| A．New Year’s Eve | B．1999 |
| C．foreign visitors | D．the Millennium |
On sunny day from the top of the London Eye you can see __--
| A．all of England |
| B．Windsor Castle |
| C．all the buildings which are 40 kilometers away |
| D．the building that is 135 meters high |
There are_____ passengers in the London Eye when it’s full.
| A．32 | B．800 | C．25 | D．72 |
The opening time of the London Eye in summer is _that in the winter.
| A．shorter than | B．the same as |
| C．as many as | D．longer than |
People_____ get tickets from the Ticket Office because tickets there are limited.
| A．can usually |
| B．can never |
| C．can’t always |
| D．walk from Waterloo underground station to |
根据短文内容，回答下列问题，每空一词。
The ladies club always had a meeting every Friday afternoon and someone came to talk to them about some important things. After that, they had tea and asked questions.
One Friday, a man came and talked in the club about the food problem. “There is not enough food in the world for everybody,” he said, “more than half of the people in the world are hungry, and when these people get more food, they have more babies, as a result they never stop being hungry. Somewhere in the world, a woman is having a baby every minute, day and night. What are we going to do about it?” He waited for a few seconds. Then one of the ladies said, “Why don’t we find that woman and stop her?”What did people often do in the ladies club?
They often _____ a meeting, talked, had tea and _____ questions.What did the man come to talk about one Friday?
He came to talk about the _____ _____.What did the man think about the food problem?
Some people never stop _____ _____.What is the woman’s answer to the man’s question?
She said they should find that woman and _____ her _____ having babies.Do you think the woman’s answer is helpful?
_____, it _____.
Health experts predict that soon, more people will die from cancer than from AIDS, tuberculosis (结核病)and malaria combined（疟疾）. They expect that by 2013, cancer will become the world’s leading cause of death.
Experts say one reason that more people are dying from cancer is because they are smoking cigarettes in developing countries. 40 percent of the world’s smokers are believed to live in China and India alone. Other things including high fat diets and fewer physical activities are also believed to be pushing the numbers more.
Rates (比率) of breast cancer (乳腺癌) in Japan, Singapore and South Korea are now3 times what they were40 years ago.
The W.H.O. report says that12 million people will be found to have some kinds of cancer this year. It predicts that more than7 million people will die early as a result of cancer. And more than5 million of the new cancer cases will be in developing countries.
The number of cancer cases and deaths from cancer are expected to increase one percent each year. Experts are predicting the largest increases will be in China, Russia, and India.
Without new treatments, the W.H.O. says, the number of new cancer patients could reach 27 million a year by 2030. The number of deaths could reach17 million a year.
A report in December said the number of men and women dying of cancer in the United States had dropped for the first time .The report in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute said the drop was mainly the result of fewer cases of lung（肺）, prostate（前列腺） and colorectal(结肠) cancer in men. In women, it resulted from fewer cases of breast and colorectal cancer.
The American Cancer Society says governments can do things to help stop the increase in cancer cases and deaths. One idea is to provide poor and developing nations with vaccines(疫苗) that help to stop some cancer-causing infections (感染). One example of a cancer-causing infection is human papillomavirus (乳头瘤病毒). This virus(病毒) can cause cervical cancer in women.
Another suggestion is more support for cigarette-control programs. And the cancer society says health officials and governments should pay more in cancer research and early detection(检测).根据短文内容完成句子填空(每空限填一个单词)。
From the first paragraph of the passage, we know __________ will be the ________ killer soon.根据短文内容完成句子填空(每空限填一个单词)。
According to the passage, in developing countries more people are dying from cancer because of ___________ ____________ 根据短文内容回答问题。
According to the passage, in which countries will cancer increase fastest ?
____________________________________________________________________.把短文中划线句子译成汉语。
_____________________________________________________________________根据短文内容用一个完整的英文句子回答问题。（10个词左右）
What can governments do to stop the increase of cancer ? （one thing is OK）
_____________________________________________________________________