Nowadays film cameras are going out of our life. Do you remember how it works? And do you know the difference between a film camera and a digital camera?
A film camera is a light-proof box, which all light can’t go through. It has a lens (镜头) system to focus light onto the film at the back of the camera.
Let’s suppose that we are outside on a beautiful summer day trying to take a picture of the family dog. We are using a film camera. We finally get the dog to lie still. You point the camera at him. Light goes into the camera lens and hits the shutter (快门). In other words, nothing happens yet. Now let’s say that the dog looks really cute and you decide to take a picture. When you press the button, the shutter opens for a very short period of time. A small amount of light passes through and hits the film at the back of the camera. This creates an upside-down and reversed (反向的) picture on the film. When you finish the roll (卷) of the film, you can take it to the photo shop to develop it and you will have a great picture!
Film cameras and digital cameras work in a similar way. In digital cameras, the light falls not on film but onto a sensor (传感器) called a CCD. This change light and color into a digital information or pixels (象素). The CCD is the heart of any digital camera and usually the most expensive part - depending on how good it is.
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The underlined word “light-proof” in the passage means “_____”.
A.不透明的 B.不透风的 C.不透光的
_____ is used to focus light onto the film at the back of the camera.
A. A lens
B. A lens system
C. A light-proof system
_____ shows the picture of a running boy with an ice cream in his left hand on the film camera.
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Film cameras and digital cameras work in the same way.
B. After taking pictures with film cameras, we can get a great picture immediately.
C. The price of a digital camera is based on the ccd。
The best title for this passage should be _____.
A. How do Film Cameras Work
B. The Reason Why Digital Cameras Are More Developed
C. Film Cameras and Digital Cameras
In Canada and the United States, people enjoy entertaining(请客)at home. They often invite friends over for a meal, a party, or just for coffee and conversation.
Here are the kinds of things people say when they invite someone to their home:
" Would you like to come over for dinner on Saturday night? "
" Hey, we're having a party on Friday. Can you come'? "
To reply to an invitation, either say thank you and accept(接受), or say you're sorry and give an excuse(借口):
" Thanks, I'd love to. What time would you like me to come?" or " Oh, sorry. I've tickets for a movie." Sometimes, however, people use expressions(措辞)that sound like invitations, but which are not real invitations(邀请). For example:
" Please come over for a drink sometime? "
" Why not get together for a party sometime? "
"Why don't you come over and see us sometime soon?"
They are really just polite ways of ending a conversation. They are not real invitations because they don't tell time or date. They just show that the person is trying to be friendly. To reply to expressions like these, people just say: "Sure, that would be nice!" or "OK. Yes, thanks."
So next time when you hear what sounds like an invitation. Is it a real invitation or is the person just being friendly? Why do Canadians and Americans often invite friends for meals at home?
| A．Because they have no time. |
| B．Because they can spend less money |
| C．Because they enjoy entertaining at home |
| D．Because they have modern and beautiful houses |
Which of the following is a real invitation?
| A．"If you're free, let's go for a drink sometime." |
| B．"Please go to the cinema with me some day." |
| C．"Would you like to have a cup of tea with us sometime?" |
| D．"I've two tickets here. Can you go to the concert with me?" |
If people say "Let's get together for lunch some day", you just say“_______".
A That's great. I'll be there on time.
B. How about this weekend?
C. Oh, sorry. I'm very busy.
D. That would be nice.People use "not real invitation" to show that_______.
| A．they're trying to be friendly |
| B．they're trying to be helpful |
| C．they're trying to make friends with others |
| D．they haven't got ready for a party yet |
Mr. Green once worked in a big company. He was so busy that he couldn't do any reading. So he gave up his job and opened a bookshop in the center of the town. It wasn't big but all the books were nice and most people liked to buy some there. When the shop was closed, he could read at home. He knew a lot and many learned people were glad to make friends with him.
It was Sunday and it was cold outside. Mr. Green was very busy. At nine in the evening al! the buyers left but a woman was still there. She was dressed up and seemed to be waiting for somebody there. Standing by the shelves, she looked over the books one after another, and made them in a terrible mess(混乱). Mr. Green came up to her and asked, "Excuse me, madam. What can I do for you?"
"Your books are not interesting at all," said the woman, "I want a delicious one."
"That's easy," Mr. Green smiled. He brought out a cookbook and said, "Here you are, madam." Why did Mr. Green change his job?
| A．Because he didn't like reading. |
| B．Because he wasn't free enough to read books. |
| C．Because he liked the life in the center of the town. |
| D．Because he liked cookbooks very much. |
Most people liked to buy books in the shop because_______.
| A．the bookshop was in the center of the town |
| B．all the books were nice cookbooks |
| C．it was very large |
| D．the books there were all good for people |
Which is WRONG?
| A．Mr. Green liked to lend his books to the learned persons. |
| B．When Mr. Green came back home from the bookshop, he often did some reading. |
| C．Many learned people liked to make friends with Mr. Green. |
| D．On that Sunday evening all the buyers left the bookshop except (除......之外)a woman. |
What's the most suitable(合适)ending of the story?
A. Mr. Green would make friends with the woman.
B. Mr. Green would teach the woman how to cook delicious food.
C: The woman left the bookshop without buying any books.
D. The woman bought many books in order to be a learned person.
In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution(污染). They join "Environment Clubs(环境俱乐部)". In an Environment Club, people work together to make our environment clean. Here are some things students often do.
No-garbage(垃圾)lunches. How much do you throw away after lunch? Environment Clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will find the classes that make the least garbage and report them to the whole school!
No-car day. On a no car day, nobody comes to school in a car, not the students and not the teachers! Cars give pollution to our air, so remember: walk, jump, bike or run. Use your legs! It's lots of fun !
Turn off the water! Did you know that some toilets can waste 20~40 m3 0f water an hour? In a year, that would fill a small river! In Environment Clubs, students mend(修理) some toilets.
We love our environment. Let's work together to make it clean.Environment Clubs ask students_______.
| A．to run to school every day |
| B．to take exercise every day |
| C．not to forget to take cars |
| D．not to throw away lunch bags |
From the passage we know the students usually have lunch _______.
| A．at school | B．in shops |
| C．in clubs | D．at home |
After students mend toilets, they won't waste（浪费）_______.
| A．a small river | B．a club |
| C．a lot of water | D．a toilet |
The writer wrote the passage to ask students to__________.
| A．clean schools | B．make less pollution |
| C．join clubs | D．help teachers |
One of the most d______ sports in the world is mountain climbing. And one of the most popular p__
____ to go for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas r_
______ along the southwestern border of china. These extremely high risks attract (吸引) c__
______ from all over the world. They want to c____
______ themselves in the face of difficulties. Of all the mountains Qomolangma r__
___ the highest and is the most famous. It’s the h__
____ to climb Qomolangma because thick clouds c_
______ the top of the mountain. Even more serious difficulties i___
____ the freezing weather conditions and the heavy storms. The first people to reach the top of Qomolangma – Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary – did it in 1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, and in 1975, the first women did it too. The spirit of them shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the f__
____ of nature.
The world is not hungry , but it is thirsty . It seems strange that nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water while we say we are short of (短缺) water. Why? Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can't drink or use for watering plants directly (直接地) . Man can only drink and use the 3% - the water that comes from rivers and lakes. And we can't even use all of that, because some of it has been polluted (污染) .
Now more water is needed. The problem is: Can we avoid (避免) a serious water shortage later on? First, we should all learn how to save water. Secondly, we should find out the ways to reuse it . Scientists have always been making studies in the field. Today, in most large cities water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers . But it can be used again. Even if (即使) every large city reused its water, still there would not be enough. What could people turn to next?
The sea seems to have the best answer. There is a lot of water in the sea. All that needs to be done is to get the salt out of the sea water. This is expensive, but it's already used in many parts of the world. Scientists are trying to find a cheaper way of doing it. So you see, if we can find a way out, we'll be in no danger of drying up.The world is thirsty because ________.
| A．3/4 of the earth is covered with water |
| B．we have enough sea water to use directly |
| C．we haven't used all the water in rivers and lakes |
| D．about 97% of water on the earth can't be drunk or used for watering plants directly |
Which of the following is true ?
| A．3% of water on the earth is in rivers and lakes. |
| B．75% of water on the earth is the sea. |
| C．97% of the earth is covered with water. |
| D．3% of water on the earth is sea water. |
From the passage we learn _________.
| A．if every city reuses its water, we'll be in no danger of drying up |
| B．man can only drink and use about 25% of water on the earth |
| C．today in most large cities water is used only once |
| D．water can be used only once |
To avoid the serious water shortage , which of the following is the most important?
| A．Save water and try to make good use of the water in rivers and lakes. |
| B．Don't pollute water and keep all rivers and lakes clean. |
| C．Make dirty water clean and then reuse it. |
| D．Try to find a cheaper way to get the salt out of the sea water. |
The name of the passage would be ________
| A．The Sea Water | B．How to Save Water |
| C．The Thirsty World | D．The Polluted Water |