阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Chinese female scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against Malaria（疟疾）． This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within ChinA．
Tu shared the prize with Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan, who were honored for their revolutionary anti-roundworm treatment． 84-year-old Tu is awarded this prize for her contribution to cutting the death rate of malaria, reducing patients’ suffering and promoting mankind’s health． Although she received several medical awards in the past, the 2015 Nobel Prize is definitely the most privilege reward that recognizes Tu’s dedication and perseverance in discovering artemisinin（青蒿素）, the key drug that battles malaria-friendly parasites（寄生虫）．
However, her route to the honor has been anything but traditional． She won the Nobel Prize for medicine, but she doesn’t have a medical degree or a Phd． In China, she is even being called the “three-noes” winner: no medical degree, no doctorate, and she’s never worked overseas． No wonder her success has stirred China’s national pride and helped promote confidence of native Chinese scientists．
The fact that Tu has none of these three backgrounds reminds us that science should be more accessible to all． One shall be able to become a scientist no matter what kind of background he or she comes from, as long as one dives into scientific research． There have been discussions on people who really love science but are never able to achieve much during their whole life． Their contributions can never be ignored． They work so hard to prove the wrong way so that the future researchers will be closer to the right one．
As the first Chinese mainland Nobel Prize Winner of natural science award, Tu’s record-breaking winning also serves as a reminder to those who are too eager for instant success． Science is never about instant success． Tu spent decades on scientific research before its value is officially acknowledged． There is no way to measure how much one devotes to science and compare it with how much reward he or she may get．It can be concluded from the text that __________．
| A．Tu worked home and abroad to conduct her research |
| B．Tu got the Nobel Prize for her anti-roundworm treatment |
| C．The Nobel Prize is the first award to recognize her work |
| D．Her discovery of artemisinin has helped to cut Malaria death rate |
The author seems to agree that a person who is more likely to become a scientist is the one with__________．
| A．a sense of national pride |
| B．relevant academic knowledge |
| C．a desire to achieve success |
| D．enthusiasm for scientific research |
In writing the passage, the author intends to ___________．
| A．inform readers of the news and make comments |
| B．discourage the pursuit of instant success in science |
| C．remind readers of the principles of scientific research |
| D．praise the award winner and encourage scientific research |
My dad was never the kind to offer many words of love or encouragement. But we knew he loved us... he just had his own way of showing it.
When I was a teen, we were seasonal campers at a family campground almost an hour outside the city where we lived. Each family had their own campsite with water and electric, and you basically parked your camper there from May through October. Most "Seasonals" visited them every weekend during those months, with the occasional weeklong stay. There were plenty of other kids who camped seasonally each weekend, and they came to be some of my closest friends. Of course, many of them were boys.
We kids paired up with our little boyfriends or girlfriends, and we'd hold hands as we'd walk around the campground. We'd play ping-pong, h
ave some snacks, and play songs. Most weekends were pretty similar, but the couples would change. You'd see so-and-so with a different so-and-so than they were with the weekend before. You know how it is when you're a teen — a three-week relationship is a really long time.
So, needless to say, my teen years were spent with quite a few different boys. But every single one of them had something in common... they'd all received The Evil Eye.
The Evil Eye was a magical sort of thing. One simple look from my dad, and the boy immediately knew not to mess with me. It was as if he could send his warnings through invisible laser（激光）beams that shot directly from his eyes to the boys' brains.
"You will not put your hands on my daughter... You will not kiss my daughter... You will not even whisper sweet nothings into my daughter's ear."
I remember one night in particular, walking with a boy around the campground after dark. We came from one direction, and my dad from the other. The boy and my dad locked eyes for a brief second, then the boy dropped my hand like a hot potato and turned away, giving me a quick, "See ya later."
Yes, the Evil Eye. Best way ever to keep wandering teen boy hands away from your daughters.The Evil Eye in the passage implies that _____.
| A．Dad gets angry easily | B．Dad’s eyes are like evil’s |
| C．Dad’s eyes are ugly-looking | D．Dad’s eyes are protective to his daughter |
The underlined words “mess with” in paragraph 5 most probably means _____.
| A．make untidy | B．cause trouble | C．get married to | D．talk to |
Which of the following is true according to the passage?
| A．As teenagers, we went camping every weekend. |
| B．We made lots of friends during the seasonal camping. |
| C．We had regular boyfriends or girlfriends and enjoyed ourselves. |
| D．The boy dropped my hand and turned away because he loved The Evil Eye. |
It can be inferred from the passage that the author _____.
| A．is a teenage girl who loves her father |
B．is a teenage boy who hates his father |
| C．is now an adult who has come to understand her father’s love |
| D．used to be a naughty boy who changed girlfriends now and then |
You know that pearls grow inside oysters(牡蛎), but would you ever think to look for diamonds inside an ostrich(鸵鸟)? Well, a hunter once shot
an ostrich and discovered, to his great surprise, that the big bird had swallowed a bunch of diamonds. How could such a strange thing happen?
Like many other birds, the ostrich swallows small stones that stay inside its “gizzard”. The gizzard is a bird’s second stomach. It is where the food is ground up. The small stones help to grind up the food so it can be digested. The small stones do the chewing because birds don’t have teeth. In that case of the ostrich with the diamonds, the bird simply had expensive taste in rocks. It used the diamonds to digest its dinner.
Diamonds and stones aren’t all that an ostrich will swallow. If there are no stones around, it will eat just about anything. Sadly for ostriches in zoos, this can be a fatal h
abit. The tendency to swallow anything it sees has caused the death of many an ostrich. Cruel or careless people often throw things into the bird’s living space. They throw keys, coins, and even large objects such as horseshoes. The ostrich swallows them without hesitation. Coins can be the worst. Inside the ostrich they wear down to a razor-sharp edge. They will cut open the bird’s gizzard from the inside. When one young zoo ostrich died, 484 coins weighing more than eight pounds were found in its gizzard.
Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
| A．Birds often eat strange and funny things. |
| B．Ostriches will swallow anything to help them digest food. |
| C．One ostrich died with 484 coins in its gizzard. |
| D．Ostriches are often hurt by cruel or careless people. |
The ostrich is not smart enough to ______.
| A．digest its own food | B．eat only diamonds |
| C．avoid eating harmful objects | D．escape from the zoo |
The sentence “the small stones do the chewing” makes rocks seem as though they were ______.
| A．important | B．aliv e |
| C．dangerous | D．uncomfortable |
he word “fatal” in the third paragraph is another word for “______”.
| A．foolish | B．careless | C．deadly | D．cruel |
Throughout the history of the arts, the nature of creativity has remained constant to artists. No matter what objects they select, artists are to bring forth new forces and forms that cause change—to find poetry where no one has ever seen or experienced it before.
Landscape(风景) is another unchanging element of art. It can be found from ancient times through the 17th-century Dutch painters to the 19th-century romanticists and impressionists. In the 1970s Alfred Leslie, one of the new American realists, continued this practice. Leslie sought out the same place where Thomas Cole, a romanticist, had produced paintings of the same scene a century and a half before. Unlike Cole who insists on a feeling of loneliness and the idea of finding peace in nature, Leslie paints what he actually sees. In his paintings, there is no particular change in emotion, and he includes ordinary things like the highway in the background. He also takes advantage of the latest developments of color photography(摄影术) to help both the eye and the memory when he improves his painting back in his workroom.
Besides, all art begs the age-old question: What is real? Each generation of artists has shown their understanding of reality in one form or another. The impressionists saw reality in brief emotional effects, the realists in everyday subjects and in forest scenes, and the Cro-Magnon cave people in their naturalistic drawings of the animals in the ancient forests. To sum up, understanding reality is a necessary struggle for artists of all periods.
Over thousands of years the function of the arts has remained relatively constant. Past or present, Eastern or Western, the arts are a basic part of our immediate experience. Many and different are the faces of art, and together they express the basic need and hope of human beings.
Leslie's paintings are extraordinary because_______ .
| A．they are close in style to works in ancient times |
| B．they look like works by 19th-century painters |
| C．they draw attention to common things in life |
| D．they depend heavily on color photography |
What is the author's opinion of artistic reality?
| A．It will not be found in future works of art. |
| B．It does not have a long-lasting standard. |
| C．It is expressed in a fixed artistic form. |
| D．It is lacking in modern works of art. |
What does the author suggest about the arts in the last paragraph?
| A．They express people's curiosity about the past. |
| B．They make people interested in everyday experience. |
| C．They are considered important for variety in form. |
| D．They are regarded as a mirror of the human situation. |
When I was quite young, I discovered that somewhere inside the telephone lived an amazing person - "Information Please" and there was nothing she did not know.
One day while my mother was out, I hit my finger with a hammer. The pain was terrible, but there was no one home to give me any sympathy. I walked around the house, finally arriving at the telephone! Quickly, I called “Information Please" and told her what happened.She told me to open the icebox and hold a little piece of ice to my finger.
After that, I called "Information Please" for everything. When my pet bird died, I told
"Information Please" the sad story. She tried to comfort me, she said quietly, "Paul, always remember that there are other worlds to sing in." Somehow I felt better.Another day I was on the telephone, “How do you spell ‘grateful’? ". All this took place in a small town in the Pacific Northwest. When I was 9, we moved to Boston.
A few years later, on my way to college, my plane put down in Seattle. I had about half an
hour or so between planes. Without thinking,
I dialed my hometown operator and said, "Information, please."
Surprisingly, I heard the small, clear voice I knew so well, "Information." I hadn't planned on
this but I heard myself saying, "Could you please tell me how to spell ‘grateful’?"
There was a long pause. Then came the soft-spoken answer, "I guess your finger must have
healed by now."I laughed. "So it's really still you," I said, "I wonder if you have any idea how much you meant to me during that time."I told her how often I had thought of her over the years and asked if I could call her again. "Please do," she said, "Just ask for Sally."
Three months later I was back in Seattle. A different voice answered me. I was told that Sally
passed away five weeks before.
Before I could hang up she told me that Sally left a message for me—“Tell him I still say
there are other worlds to sing in. He'll know what I mean.”I thanked her and hung up. I knew what Sally meant.
Never underestimate the impression you may make on others. Whose life have you touched
today?
What does “Information, Please” refer to in the passage?
| A．An amazing girl. |
| B．A special kind of telephone. |
| C．A communication system. |
| D．A service that helps telephone users. |
What happened to the little boy one day w
hen he was at home alone?
| A．He was amused by the telephone. |
| B．He hurt his finger with a hammer. |
| C．He found an amazing telephone. |
| D．He got a piece of ice from an icebox. |
What did “Information, Please” give the little boy whenever he was in trouble?
| A．Information and conversation. |
| B．Good memories and happiness. |
| C．Sympathy and information. |
| D．Friendship and cheers. |
When did the author get in touch with “Information, Please” again after he moved to
Boston?
| A．When he was in trouble on his way to college. |
| B．When his plane stopped in Seattle for half an hour. |
| C．When he went back to Seattle to visit his sister. |
| D．Three months later after he moved to Boston. |
We would probably all be amazed if we watched a videotape of ourselves performing basically unconscious acts as we go about the business of the day. These unconscious acts consist of all the little personal habits that we don’t even think about, but definitely should. These are some of the things that present an image of who we are to others, and if we are careless in performing them, this image may well be other than we would like it to be.
Parents who insist that their children practice good manners and habits at home are doing them a great service, for these habits then become lifelong and the natural way they do things. It proves true that their unconscious actions will reflect a well-mannered person.
People who, for example, eat with both arms on the table at home will
likely do so when out. Those who are lazy and slow in private will certainly be so in public. Children who are permitted to be disrespectful to their parents will follow suit with other adults, and will, most likely, become adults who are disrespectful of others. This is an area where the saying “practice makes perfect” may be applied.
There is an article about the actress, Audrey Hepburn, known for her beautiful carriage and posture. According to her biographer, her grandmother tied her neck to the back of her chair, at table, so that she would not drop down suddenly over her food, but rather would learn to put only small amounts of food on her spoon or fork and bring them to her mouth. This is a rather extreme “at home” method for the development of erect (直立的) posture, but it does illustrate the effectivene
ss of practicing good habits so that, when in public, they are instinctive.
Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage?
| A．Parents should be responsible for their children’s good habits. |
| B．The actress is well known for her beautiful posture. |
| C．We should always be aware of our manners. |
| D．Without good manners, one can never be perfect. |
Those who eat with both arms on the table at home ______.
| A．will probably have the same habit when they have meals in the restaurant |
| B．will probably change the habit when eating out with their relatives |
| C．will feel embarrassed when having meals with so many strangers in public |
| D．will always put their arms on the table no matter where they eat |
The meaning of “practice makes perfect” in the third paragraph is ______.
| A．the more practice one has, the better job he will do |
| B．the more perfect one is, the more practice he needs |
| C．if one has enough practice, he will become perfect |
| D．perfect makes a person practice more |
Which of the following are NOT true?
A．If we are not careful about our unconscious acts, the images of ourselves presen ted to others will be quite undesirable. |
| B．The good habits formed in one’s childhood will benefit him throughout his life. |
| C．If parents do not care about the disrespectful attitude adopted by their children towards themselves, their children might be disrespectful of others. |
| D．It is unlikely that a well-mannered person will not embarrass himself in public. |