Chinese e-commerce websites fail to pay more attention to older consumers, says a news report.
There’s been a thought that younger consumers have been the driving force of online buying. That may not be the case. According to a statement from Alipay, the average expenditure (支出) of Alipay users born before the 1960s was 31,000 yuan in 2012, much higher than 14,000 yuan of those born after the 1980s. It shows that online shopping has become a key part of people’s daily consumption, for both young and old.
Besides shopping, people pay bills such as water bill, electricity bill, and credit card repayment online. The middle-aged and senior consumers are also participating in that consumption revolution.
Liu Chen, 56, said that his online expenditure in 2014 was over 50,000 yuan, about half of the total annual expenditure. He always pays his telephone bill online. Clothes, electrical appliances and kids’ snacks are the main items he purchases online.
Liu’s shopping strategy is to find something good online first, then go to shops to check it out, and finally buy it online because it is cheaper. As quality concerns him, Liu only buys items that come with a guarantee.
Stories such as those from Liu are representative of millions of middle-aged and older Chinese, which show the great potential of the aged in the Chinese consumption market. Yet, the market seems not to be valued as it should be.
Some Chinese e-commerce websites such as jd. com, dangdang. com and amazon. cn don’t have a category for goods for the elderly on their main pages. Alibaba’s platform does have one, but the goods in it are not as abundant as other categories. Moreover, Taobao’s category is not really designed for elders, but their children.
Despite the seeming lack of commitment to older consumers, the Chinese market for the elderly is clearly huge, and e-commerce websites should take great efforts to develop it.The data in Paragraph 2 is used to prove that ________.
| A．young people have learned to save money |
| B．older people are crazy about online shopping |
| C．young people are the driving force of online shopping |
| D．both the young and the old have contributed to online shopping |
According to the passage, Liu Chen mainly spends money online on _______.
a. buying clothes
b. paying the telephone bill
c. paying the electricity bill
d. buying electrical appliances
| A．a, b, c | B．a, b, d | C．b, c, d | D．a, c, d |
Liu Chen chooses online shopping mainly because of its ________.
| A．low price | B．convenience |
| C．great potential | D．quality guarantee |
Which is the best title of the passage?
| A．Online shopping |
| B．Older consumers in e-commerce |
| C．Chinese e-commerce |
| D．Huge e-commerce market for the elderly |
Dear all,
Please read Professor Hume's email about his next lecture on Rosa I'arks.
Susan Miller
Secretary
Dear Susan,
Please forward this message to students of my history class.
Besides the life story of Bosa Parks in the textbook,the students are also required to read the passage below and some related stories that can be borrowed from the school library.
Ted Hume
The early experiences of Rosa Parks (1913-2005),long known as the "mother of the civil rights movement,"were not different from those of many African-Americans at that time.The black woman,however,turned the course of American history in December 1955 when she refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man."By sitting down,"remarked John Lewis,"she was standing up for all Americans."
Among the numerous awards Parks received in her life were the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1996) and the Congressional Gold Medal(1999).
Parks died on Oct. 24,2005,At St. Paul A.M.E. Church in Montgomery,a large crowd including Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice celebrated her life.Rice said she and others,who grew up when the political activities of Parks held public attention,might not have realized her impact(影响) on their lives,"but I can honestly say that without Mrs. Parks,I probably would not be standing here as Secretary of State."
After her casket(灵柩) was placed at the Capitol,U.S. President Bush,members of Congress and ordinary Americans paid their respects.In American history Parks is the first woman to lie in state at the Capitol,a very high regard usually reserved for Presidents of the United States.
| 1． |
What is the main purpose of Susan's email?
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| 2． |
What does the underlined word "forward" mean?
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| 3． |
The political impact on Rosa Parks lies in the fact that she.
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How was Rosa Parks treated after her death?
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Horses help us achieve many of our aims.Girls can learn to develop responsibility,self-confidence and personal connections in their lives while having fun.Using horses as a wonderful tool for education,our camps offer an interesting place for growth and learning.
Imagine each girl having her very own horse to spend time with and a best friend to love and take care of.Each camper is responsible for a horse for the week.Our riding program provides a lot of riding and lesson time.Campers will learn how to take care of the horse and the tack(马具),as well as how to ride.Days are filled with horse-related activities to strengthen the connection between each girl and horse,as the girls learn to work safely around the horses.
At Shadow Ridge we try to create a loving,caring family atmosphere for our campers.We have "The Bunkhouse" (4 girls),the "Wranglers Roost" (4 girls),and "The Hideout" (2 girls) in our comfortable 177-year-old farm house.All meals are home cooked,offering delicious and healthy food for the hungry rider.
Our excellent activities create personalized memories of your child's vacation.Each child will receive a camp T-shirt and a photo album.(usually 300-500 pictures) of their stay at camp.
Our camps are offered during June,July and August 2007,for small groups of girls aged 13-16 years,not only from Canada but also other parts of the world.
We will send you full program descriptions at your request.
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What is the main purpose of the passage?
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What do we know about the camp programs at Shadow Ridge?
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| 3． |
The programs at Shadow Ridge mainly aim to help people.
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The passage is written mainly for.
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The very wealthy English Baron Fitzgerald had only one child,a son,who understandably was the apple of his eye.His wife died when the child was in his early teens.So Fitzgerald devoted himself to fathering the kid.Unfortunately the son died in his late teens.
Meanwhile,Fitzgerald’s wealth greatly increased.He spent a lot on art works of the masters.Later Fitzgerald himself because seriously ill.Before his death,he had carefully prepared his will as to how his wealth would be settled—to sell his entire collection at an auction(拍卖).
Because of the large quantity and high quality of his collection,a huge crowd of possible buyers gathered for the auction.Many of them were museum directors and private collectors eager to bid(出价).Before the auction,the art works were shown,among which was a painting of Fitzgerald’s son by an unknown artist.Because of its poor quality,it received little attention.
When it was time for the auction,the auctioneer gaveled(敲槌) the crowd to attention.First the lawyer read from Fitzgerald’s will that the first art work to be auctioned was the painting of his son.
The poor-quality painting didn’t receive and bidders...except one—the old servant who had served the son and loved him,and who for emotional reasons offered the only bid.
As soon as the servant bought the painting for less than one English pound,the auctioneer stopped the bidding and asked the lawyer to read again from the will.The crowd became quiet,and the lawyer read from the will:“Whoever buys the painting of my son gets all my collection.”Then the auction was over.The English Baron Fitzgerald was______.
| A．a museum director | B．a master of art |
| C．an art collector | D．an art dealer |
Why did the old servant bid for the painting of Fitzgerald’s son?
| A．He was devoted to the family. |
| B．He saw that no one bid for it. |
| C．He knew the content of the will. |
| D．He found it cheap for him to buy. |
Fitzgerald’s will showed______.
| A．his desire to fool the bidders |
| B．his invaluable love for his son |
| C．his sadness at the death of his son |
| D．his regret of having no children to take over his wealth |
When we think of leadership,we often think of strength and power.But what are these really,and how do they operate?
Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things.If this is even possible,it is short-term,and tends to backfire.If you order someone to do something against their will,they may do it because they feel they must,but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term.They will also experience fear.
Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down,making the person unable to function at his or her best.If they associate you with this emotion(情绪) of fear,they will become less functional around you,and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot,but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively.Fear has no place in leadership.
The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character and our understanding and use of emotion.We can order someone to do something,which may be part of the work day;or we can employ them at the emotional level,so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation(积极性).Today’s work place is all about relationships as a human being as well as a worker.Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like.Leaders understand the way things work.They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor(因素)in the work life of most people.
The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence—knowing your own emotions,and how to handle them,and those of others,Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you,which is the key to the leadership skills.An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when .
| A．he is forced to do things |
| B．he cannot work at his best |
| C．he feels his brain shut down |
| D．he thinks of his work as too heavy |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．People tend to associate leadership with fear. |
| B．Working conditions affect people’s physical health. |
| C．Good relationship is the key to business success. |
| D．Smart people are more functional in the work place. |
To positively influence employees,a leader should first of all .
| A．provide better suggestions |
| B．develop his own personality |
| C．give his employees a pay raise |
| D．hide his own emotion of fear |
Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to .
| A．provide a variety of projects for employees |
| B．help raise employees’ living standards |
| C．give employees specific instructions |
| D．deal wisely with employees’ emotions |
I recently turned fifty,which is young for a tree,midlife for an elephant,and ancient for a sportsman.Fifty is a nice number for the states in the US or for a national speed limit,but it is not a number that I was prepared to have hung on me.Fifty is supposed to be my father’s age,but now I am stuck with this number and everything it means.
A few days ago,a friend tried to cheer me up by saying,“Fifty is what forty used to be.”He had made an inspirational point.Am I over the hill?People keep telling me that the hill has been moved,and I keep telling them that the high-jump bar has dropped from the six feet I once easily cleared to the four feet that is impossible for me now.
“You’re not getting older,you’re getting better,”says Dr.Joyce Brothers.This,however,is the kind of doctor who inspires a second opinion.
And so,as I approach the day when I cannot even jump over the tennis net,I am moved to share some thoughts on aging with you.I am moved to show how aging feels to me physically and mentally.Getting older,of course,is obviously a better change than the one that brings you eulogies(悼词).In fact,a poet named Robert Browning considered it the best change of all:
Grow old along with me!
The best is yet to be.
Whether or not Browning was right,most of my first fifty years have been golden ones,so I will settle for what is ahead being as good as what has gone by.I find myself moving toward what is ahead with a curious blend(混合)of both fighting and accepting my aging,hoping that the philosopher(哲学家)was right when he said.“Old is always fifteen years from now.”The author seems to tell us in Paragraph 1 that .
| A．time alone will tell |
| B．time goes by quickly |
| C．time will show what is right |
| D．time makes one forget the past |
When the author turned fifty,people around him .
| A．tried to comfort him |
| B．got inspirations from him |
| C．were friendlier with him |
| D．found him more talkative |
The author considers his fifty years of life .
| A．peaceful | B．ordinary | C．satisfactory | D．regretful |
We can infer from the passage that .
| A．the old should lead a simple life |
| B．the old should face the fact of aging |
| C．the old should take more exercise |
| D．the old should fill themselves with curiosity |