Weallneedavacation,whetherwith-优题课

People tend to think of computers as isolated machines, working away all by themselves. Some personal computers do without an outside link, like someone's secret cabin in the woods. But just as most of homes are tied to a community by streets, bus routes and electric lines, computers that exchange intelligence are part of a community local, national and even global network joined by telephone connections.
　　The computer network is a creation of the electric age, but it is based on old-fashioned trust. It cannot work without trust. A rogue (流氓) loose in a computer system called hacker is worse than a thief entering your house. He could go through anyone's electronic mail or add to, change or delete anything in the information stored in the computer's memory. He could even take control of the entire system by inserting his own instructions in the software that runs it. He could shut the computer down whenever he wished, and no one could stop him. Then he could program the computer to erase any sign of his ever having been there.
Hacking, our electronic-age term for computer break-in is more and more in the news, intelligent kids vandalizing（破坏）university records, even pranking (恶作剧) about in supposedly safeguarded systems. To those who understand how computer networks are increasingly regulating life in the late 20th century, these are not laughing matters. A potential for disaster is building: A dissatisfied former insurance-company employee wipes out information from some files; A student sends out a "virus", a secret and destructive command, over a national network. The virus copies itself at lightning speed, jamming the entire network thousands of academic, commercial and government computer systems. Such disastrous cases have already occurred. Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer. Destroging a system responsible for air-traffic control at a busy airport, or knocking out the telephones of a major city, is a relatively easy way to spread panic. Yet neither business nor government has done enough to strengthen its defenses against attack. For one thing, such defenses are expensive; for another, they may interrupt communication, the main reason for using computers in the first place.
1. People usually regard computers as _________.
A. part of a network
B. means of exchanging intelligence
C. personal machines disconnected from outside
D. a small cabin at the end of a street .
2. The writer mentions “ a thief ”in the second paragraph most probably to _________.
A. show that a hacker is more dangerous than a thief
B. tell people that thieves like to steal computers nowadays
C. demand that a computer network should be set up against thieves
D. look into the case where hackers and thieves are the same people
3. According to the passage , a hacker may do all the damages below EXCEPT _________.
A. attacking people’s e-mails . B. destroying computer systems .
C. creating many electronic-age terms .
D. entering into computer systems without being discovered
4. By saying “ Now exists the possibility of terrorism by computer ”(the underlined ) the writer means that________.
A. some employees may erase information from some files
B. students who send out a “ virus ”may do disastrous damages to thousands of computers
C. some people may spread fear in public by destroying computer systems
D. some terrorists are trying to contact each other using electronic mails

The old idea that child prodigies (神童) “burn themselves” or “overtax their brains” in the early years, and therefore are prey to failure and (at worst) mental illness is just a myth. As a matter of fact, the outstanding thing that happens to bright children is that they are very likely to grow into bright adults.
To find this out, 1, 500 gifted persons were followed up to thirty or fifty year with these results:
On adult intelligence tests, they scored as high as they did as children. They were, as a group, in good health, physically and mentally. Eighty-four percent of their group were married and seemed content with their life.
　　About 70 percent had graduated from colleges, though only 30 percent had graduated with honors. A few had even flunked out(退学), but nearly half of these had returned to graduate.
　　Of the men, 80 percent were in one of the professions or in business, managers or semi-professional jobs. The women who had remained single had offices, business, or professional occupations.
　　The group had published 90 books and 1, 500 articles in scientific, scholarly, and literary magazines and had collected more than 100 patents.
In a material way they didn’t do badly, either. Average income was considerably higher among the gifted people, especially the men, than for the country as a whole, despite their comparative youth when last surveyed.
In fact, far from being strange, maladjusted (难以适应) people locked in an ivory tower, most of the gifted were turning their early promises into practical reality.
1. The main idea of the passage is _____.
　　A. how many gifted children turned successful when they grew up
　　B. that bright children were unlikely to be physically and mentally healthy
　　C. that gifted children were most likely to become bright grown-ups
　　D. that when the bright children grew up, they would become ordinary
2. From the passage, we can conclude that _____.
　　A. most of the gifted children became white collars when they grew up 
　　B. half of the gifted followed up graduated from colleges
　　C. each of the talented published at least one article
D. bright men got higher income than bright women
4. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage ?
A. The gifted could not be fit for their social positions
B. Most of the bright and successful women kept single
C. The gifted men got full marks in intelligence tests
D. Most of the gifted appeared satisfied with their life .
4. The explanation of the underlined phrase “turning their early promises into practical reality” is _____.
　　A. earning their living and keeping promises
　　B. doing practical jobs and facing reality
　　C. doing what they have promised
D. realizing what they were expected

第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该项涂黑。
One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. Fear-producing TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child’s play.
Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wonder outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods.
Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents—and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it; research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that play in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more.
Kids are not to blame. They are over-protected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite（仪式）of passage.
Everyone, from developers, to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement (增强) love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause.
1. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that __________.
A. kids missing the sense of wonder outdoors
B. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached
C. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods
D. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature
2. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will _________.
A. keep a high sense of wonder
B. be over-protected by their parents
C. be less healthy both physically and mentally
D. change wild places and creatures for the better
3. According to the author, children’s breaking an arm is ___________.
A. the fault on the part of their parents
B. the natural experience in their growing up
C. the result of their own carelessness in play
D. the effect of their repetitive stress from computers
4. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________.
A. blame children for getting lost in computer games
B. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment
C. show his concern about children’s lack of experience in nature
D. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around

Many of the most damaging types of weather begin quickly, strike suddenly, and disappear rapidly, destroying small areas while leaving neighboring areas untouched．Such event as a tornado struck the northeastern part of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987．Total damages from the tornado went beyond $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm．
Traditional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the slight atmospheric changes that come before these storms．In most nations, for example, weather-balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at places separated by hundreds of miles．With such limited data, traditional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large areas than they do forecasting specific local events．
Until recently, the observation intensive method needed for exact, very short-range forecasts, or “Nowcasts,” was not possible．The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties concerned in rapidly collecting and processing the weather data from such a network were hard to overcome．
Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems．Radar systems and satellites are all able to make detailed, nearly continuous observation over large areas at a lower cost．Communications satellites can send out data around the world cheaply and immediately, and modern computers can quickly collect and analyze this large amount of weather information．
Meteorologists（气象学者）and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment able to change weather data into words and graphic displays that forecasters can understand easily and quickly．As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality．
1．Why can’t traditional computer models predict short-lived local storms?
A．The weather data people collect are often wrong．
B．Detailed weather data in some small areas are not available．
C．The computers are not advanced enough to predict them．D．The computers are not used to forecast specific local events．
2．The word “Nowcast” in Paragraph 3 means ________．
A．a network to collect storm data
B．a way of collecting weather data
C．a more advanced system of weather observation
D．a forecast which can predict weather in the small area
3．What can make “Nowcasts” a reality according to the passage?
A．Scientific and technological advances． B．Advanced computer programs．
C．Computer scientists． D．Meteorologists．
4．What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The advantages of “Nowcasts”． B．A tornado in Edmonton, Alberta．
C．The difficulty in predicting tornado． D．A great development in weather forecast．

Nothing says love like a dozen long – stemmed roses on Valentine’s Day．More than a million roses will be sold during this festival for lovers, the biggest day of the year for the nation’s rose industry．It’s going to remain the most popular flower because love never goes out of style．
Yes, a rose is a rose．But selling them is no longer a beautiful experience for traditional flower shops．Supermarkets now offer convenience to the busy and discount rose shops help those hopelessly in love save money．Roses only is a good example of a discount rose retailer that was transformed from a traditional shop to answer the challenge in the’ 90s．
Inside this store on Sixth Avenue near 40 th Street, contemporary white furniture and wall – to – wall mirrors give it an expensive look．Customers move about freely among the counters, looking eagerly at the roses in more than 50 colors from shelf to shelf．Some customers say it’s the high quality of the roses that attracts them there．“I spent $ 20 but the flowers looked like I paid 60 or 70 dollars,” says one customer．
Studies show more people are buying roses in ones, two and threes these days．In fact, more than half of all roses are sold in bunches of fewer than a dozen．But Roses Only's low prices encourage people to spend．Even on Valentine's Day, when the price of a dozen roses and delivery can soar as high as $150, 12 of Roses Only's most expensive flowers sell for just $35．The company's key to success is to hold prices down by controlling every link in the rose chain．It grows its own roses in the sunshine of the Andes Mountains．In addition, the company also sells other items such as ballons and stuffed animals．
While discount rose retailers are witnessing their business bloom, U．S．rose growers aren’t able to compete with the fierce foreign competition．More than 57% of roses sold in the USA are grown in other countries．The biggest foreign producers are Colombia and Ecuador, which accounted for almost 90% of the total imported last year．The trend has hurt domestic rose growers such as Johnson Flowers of California, considered to be this country's leading producer．
Now, instead of fighting overseas rivals, the Johnsons are trying to work with them．"We have a few big fighting overseas rivals, the Johnsons are trying to work with them．“We may also widen our business to include the service area and be a representative for overseas flower producers．”
As a result of severe competition, those in the rose business long for the good old days, whereas ordinary people benefit from the low price．
1．What is the central theme of this text?
A．The US rose business is going from bad to worse in spite of the efforts made．
B．The rose will remain the most popular flower as love never goes out of date．
C．The rose business is trying to meet the challenges in the market to succeed．
D．The rose industry plays an important role in American economy．
2．How does Roses Only obtain success in the discount rose retailing field?
A．By setting up more chain stores across the country．
B．By selling roses in supermarkets．
C．By selling high quality roses at a low price．
D．By selling roses by the dozen．
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? （①to ⑦ represent paragraphs 1 to 7）
4．After reading the passage, we learn all of the following EXCEPT __________．
A．Selling roses is no longer as easy for traditional flower shops as it was．
B．Almost 90% of roses sold in US are imported from Colombia and Ecuador．
C．US rose growers are faced with intense foreign competition．
D．the Johnsons are trying to co-operate with foreign competitors instead of fighting them．