Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholders. She became known as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett.”
For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashley’s wife tried to hit Mumbet’s sister with a spade(铁锹). Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Angry, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return, Mumbet turned to a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued(起诉) for her freedom.
While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts laws. If the laws said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom—the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new law.
Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She refused and instead went to work for Segdewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but her spirit lived on in her many generations. One of her great-grandchildren was W.E.B. Du Bois, one of the founder of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights.
Mumbet’s tombstone still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It reads, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own area she had no superior or equal.”What do we know about Mumbet according to Paragraph 1?
| A．She was born into a rich family. |
| B．She was a slaveholder. |
| C．She was born a slave. |
| D．She had a famous sister. |
What did Mumbet do after the trial?
| A．She founded the NAACP. |
| B．She went to live with her grandchildren. |
| C．She continued to serve the Ashleys. |
| D．She chose to work for a lawyer. |
What did Mumbet learn from discussions about the new constitution?
| A．How to be a good servant. |
| B．How to apply for a job. |
| C．She should always obey her owners’ orders. |
| D．She should be as free and equal as whites. |
What is the text mainly about?
| A．A trial that shocked the whole world. |
| B．The life of a brave African American woman. |
| C．A story of a famous writer and spokesperson. |
| D．The friendship between a lawyer and a slave. |
Lillian was a young girl who grew up in a village. At the age of 16, her father forced her to drop out of school and find a job to help the family.
With limited education, skills and hope, she would take the bus into the big cities of Windsor and Detroit, walk aimlessly about and then return home every day. She couldn’t even bring herself to knock on a door.
As the days passed, Lillian knew she would soon have to knock on a door. On one of her trips, Lillian saw a sign at Carhartt Overall Company, saying, “Help Wanted, Secretarial. Apply Within.”
She walked up to the office and was met by the office manager, who sat her down at a typewriter and said, “Let’s see how good you really are.”
She directed Lillian to type a single letter and then left. Lillian looked at the clock: 11:40 am. She figured that she could run away in the crowd then. But she knew she should at least try the letter.
On her first try, she got through one line. It had five words and she made four mistakes. The clock read 11:45. “At noon,” she said to herself, “I’ll move out with the crowd, and she will never see me again.” On her second try, Lillian got through a full paragraph, but still made many mistakes. Again she pulled out the paper. At last she completed the letter with some mistakes.
Just then, the door opened and the office manager walked in. She came directly over to Lillian, read the letter, paused and then said, “Lillian, you’ve done a good job.”Why did the office manager leave after directing Lillian to type a letter?
| A．She was not satisfied with Lillian. |
| B．She found Lillian was too young. |
| C．She wanted to let the girl be quiet. |
| D．She wanted to test Lillian |
What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence in paragraph 6?
| A．Lillian didn’t have enough confidence in herself. |
| B．Lillian didn’t like the workers there. |
| C．Lillian didn’t want the job. |
| D．Lillian wanted to have lunch then. |
Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
The girl didn’t like to go to school.
The girl’s family was not very rich.
The girl’s father was very fond of money.
The girl was living in a poor village. From the passage it can be inferred that in the end__________.
| A．Lillian had to run away without being noticed. |
| B．Lillian’s father wanted his daughter to return to school. |
| C．the office manager was deeply moved by the girl. |
| D．Lillian was allowed to work there. |
The kids in this village wear dirty, ragged clothes. They sleep beside cows and sheep in huts made of sticks and mud. They have no school. Yet they all can chant the English alphabet, and some can make words.
The key to their success: 20 tablet computers(平板电脑) dropped off in their Ethiopian village in February by a U.S. group called One Laptop Per Child.
The goal is to find out whether kids using today’s new technology can teach themselves to read in places where no schools or teachers exist. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology researchers analyzing the project data say they’re already amazed. “What I think has already happened is that the kids have already learned more than they would have in one year of kindergarten,” said Matt Keller, who runs the Ethiopia program.
The fastest learner—and the first to turn on one of the tablets—is 8-year-old Kelbesa Negusse. The device’s camera was disabled to save memory, yet within weeks Kelbesa had figured out its workings and made the camera work. He called himself a lion, a marker of accomplishment in Ethiopia.
With his tablet, Kelbasa rearranged the letters HSROE into one of the many English animal names he knows. Then he spelled words on his own. “Seven months ago he didn’t know any English. That’s unbelievable,” said Keller.
The project aims to get kids to a stage called “deep reading,” where they can read to learn. It won’t be in Amharic, Ethiopia’s first language, but in English, which is widely seen as the ticket to higher paying jobs.How does the Ethiopia program benefit the kids in the village?
| A．It trains teachers for them. |
| B．It contributes to their self-study. |
| C．It helps raise their living standards. |
| D．It provides funds for building schools. |
It amazed Keller that with the tablet Kelbesa could _______.
| A． write letters to researchers. |
| B．draw pictures of animals. |
| C．learn English words quickly. |
| D．make phone calls to his friends. |
What is the aim of the project?
| A．To offer Ethiopians higher paying jobs. |
| B．To make Amharic widely used in the world. |
| C．To help Ethiopian kids read to learn in English. |
| D．To assist Ethiopians in learning their first language. |
Metro Pocket Guide
Metrorall (地铁)
Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out . Up to two children under age five may
travel free with a paying customer .
Farecard machines are in every station. Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the stations and farecard machines only provide up to $5 in change.
Get one ticket of unlimited Metrorall rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a,m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays .
Hours of service
Open: 5 a.m. Mon.-Fri. 7 a.m. Sat.-Sun.
Close : midnight Sun .-Thurs. 3 a.m.Fri.-Sat. nights
Last train times vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train times posted in stations.
Metrobus
When paying with exact charge , the fare is $1.35. When paying with a SmarTripⓇcard , the fare is 1.25.
Fares for senior/ disabled customers
Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip Ⓡcard . For more information about buying senior/disabled farecard, SmarTripⓇcards and passes, please visit MetroOpensDoors .com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-062-1100.
Travel tips (提示)
. Avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6p.m.
. If you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost &Found at 202-962-1195 .What should you know about farecard machines?
| A．They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m. |
| B．They are connected to change machines . |
| C．They offer special service to the elderly . |
| D．They make change for no more than $5. |
At what time does Metroarll stop service on Saturday ?
| A．At midnight. | B．At 3 a.m. |
| C．At 5 a.m. | D．At 7a.m. |
What is good about a SmarTripⓇcard ?
A. It is sold on the Internet
B. It is convenient for old people .
C It can be bought at any time.
D. It saves money for its usersWhich number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?
| A．202-637-8000 | B．202-962-1100 |
| C．202-637-7000 | D．202-962-1195 |
Welcome to the Van Gogh Gallery for information about the life and work of Vincent van Gogh. As a post impressionist painter and one of the most famous artists of all time, Vincent van Gogh has become a model. From growing up in Holland and working as a pastor（牧师）, moving to France and creating an unbelievable collection of artwork, this site takes an in-depth look at Van Gogh's life , his work and the influence he has had on our culture.
Van Gogh had many influences on his life including his family and friends, other artists such as Edgar Degas, and his health. To see how each of these affected his life please visit the Important Figures, Artistic Influences and Health sections. For information about how Van Gogh's art has influenced our society today, view the Impact on Art, Cultural References, or News section.
If you are interested in adding more Van Gogh to your life, the Van Gogh Gallery has plenty to offer. Download Van Gogh images of some of his most famous paintings as wallpaper for your computer, shop for Van Gogh posters or prints, or check out some of the additional resources available including links to Van Gogh museums and shows. There are even lesson plans from multidiscipline areas for those interested in educating others about Van Gogh's art and life.
Van Gogh has influenced generations of young artists worldwide since his time. Today we can see his influence in painting, in poetry and in video. We are happy to display new examples of art that were influenced by Van Gogh in our Van Gogh Community Art section.
Tragically, Van Gogh died not knowing the praise his art would receive. He will be forever known as one of the greatest artists of the modern era. Through this website, the Van Gogh Gallery aims to share his life and heritage with the world.What’s the function of the Van Gogh Gallery?
| A．To collect the artworks of Van Gogh. |
| B．To recall people’s memory of Van Gogh. |
| C．To collect experts’ opinions on Van Gogh. |
| D．To provide information about the artist’s life and work. |
What information can you get at the Cultural References?
| A．How he began his career as a pastor. |
| B．How those around Van Gogh affected his life. |
| C．How he influenced his family and his friends. |
| D．How Van Gogh has influenced today’s society. |
What can we infer about Van Gogh from the passage?
| A．His artworks weren’t well received during his lifetime. |
| B．He once worked as a model for painters to make a living. |
| C．His paintings were widely used as wallpapers for computers. |
| D．People widely appreciated his artworks during his lifetime. |
What would be the best title for the passage?
| A．learn about Van Gogh’s life |
| B．welcome to the Van Gogh Gallery |
| C．Van Gogh’s information on younger artists. |
| D．Welcome to an unbelievable collection of artworks. |
Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crisis（危机）in the coming decades — which means each nation’s natural resource will be more important than ever.
Which country or region has the most freshwater resource per year?
| A．Guyana | B．Brazil | C．Iceland | D．China |
According to the statistics, what is the world average of freshwater resource per person?
| A．244,973 cubic kilometers |
| B．241 cubic kilometers |
| C．3,642 cubic kilometers |
| D．6,122 cubic kilometers |
Which country or region appears twice on the top 5 lists?
| A．Bhutan | B．Seychelles |
| C．Canada | D．Suriname |