Envy seems to be bad-but it doesn't have to be. Researchers are finding that, if approached the right way, there can actually be an advantage.
Psychologists classify envy in two ways: negative and positive. With positive envy, you are motivated by another person's success and struggle to follow it. With negative envy, you want to cut the advantaged person down so you look better by comparison. Let's say you feel sufferings of envy after your rival(对手) at another firm gets promoted. Negative envy might drive you to destroy his success, but positive envy would inspire you to work harder and get promoted, too.
Studies show positive envy can be a great motivator(动力). In a 2011 study published in the Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers in the Netherlands conducted a series of experiments with more than 200 university students. Researchers found that when they caused feelings of positive envy----as opposed to admiration or negative envy----in the students, it drove them to want to study more and perform better on a test measuring creativity and intelligence. While admiration may feel better, the researchers found, it doesn't motivate performance like the pain and frustration of envy.
“Those painful sufferings of envy are there for an evolutionary(进化的) reason,” says Texas Christian University researcher Sarah E. Hill, “warning us that someone has something of importance to us.” Building on this theory, Dr. Hill and others conducted a series of experiments, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, to test whether envy improves attention and memory----the tools needed to copy a rival's steps to success. In one experiment, half of the participants were asked to recall past feelings of envy; the other half weren't. The two groups were then shown mock(模拟的) interviews of imaginary peers. The group filled with envy paid closer attention and better recalled details about the interview subjects. In other words, envy made them more astute（机敏的）. Not only can envy motivate us to reach for higher goals, it may even give us the cognitive push to get there.What’s the bad effect of negative envy?
| A．It makes you lose heart and gets discouraged. |
| B．It has you feel motivated. |
| C．It makes you harm or hurt others on purpose. |
| D．It reminds you to struggle to follow your dreams. |
What’s the benefit of positive envy?
| A．It inspires you to find a possible rival to try to defeat them. |
| B．It encourages you to work harder with a positive attitude. |
| C．It won’t hurt your opponents in the same firm. |
| D．It won’t destroy your success at another firm. |
Compared to admiration, positive envy can__________.
| A．make you feel worse in all sides |
| B．be more likely to get you to admire others |
| C．make you feel the pain in your performance |
| D．be more likely to get you inspired to get success |
What is the main idea of the passage?
| A．Envy seems to be bad. |
| B．Keep your envy in secret. |
| C．Make full use of positive envy. |
| D．Forget about your envy now. |
Experience the Colorado River the Hualapai Way!
River Runners offers the ONLY One Day Whitewater trip ANYWHEERE at the
GRAND CANYOU!
Since1973，Hualapai River Runners has been conducting whitewater rafting journey to the Colorado River. Our experienced guides expertly sail along the river and share the history of the Canyon and the Hualapai people with you.
Visitors experience the excitement of whitewater rapids and then stop to enjoy the impressive beauty of Travertine Falls and a tasty lunch．No charge for children 2 years and under.
One-Day Trip
Retail$249.00+$79.00(helicopter and round-trip ground transportation)
Whitewater rafting tours begin in Peach Springs．Hualapai River Runners transports you to Diamond Creek, which i
s the starting point for the 37 mile rafting tour. Lunch is included and upon arrival at the rafting tour termination point(终点)，fly out of the Grand Canyon by helicopter （直升机）to Grand Canyon West．
Two-Day Trip
Retail$549.00+$79.00(helicopter and round-trip ground transportation)
Two-day rafting trips with one night on the Colorado River. All supplies and meals are included. Two days in the Grand Canyon，on the Colorado River allows more time to explore one of the Seven Wonders of the World。
Tours Include：
●Round-trip transportation from Peach Springs to the starting point and from the termination point back to Peach Springs．
●Snack，drinks and lunch(vegetarian meals available upon request)
●Waterproof dry bags for storing your cameras, sunscreen, dry clo
thes, etc．
●The helicopter part of transportation is weather permitting. If the helicopter transportation is cancelled because of bad weather, the raft will continue an additional two hours to South Cove and a maximum（最大量）$20.00 per customer will be given back.
Special Website booking rate 15% off rafting in April 2010. So book now!
Call us Toll Free Today! Tel: 1-888-868-9378Where do whitewater rafting tours start?
| A．Travertine Falls | B．Peach Springs |
| C．Diamond Creek | D．Grand Canyon West |
We learn from the passage that _______.
| A．Hualapai River Runners provides dry clothes |
| B．you will get $20 back if you are dissatisfied |
| C．the trip is free of charge for children under 2 |
| D．online booking has a better offer all year round |
What is the purpose of the passage?
| A．To attract people to the sights | B．To explore the Hualapai culture |
| C．To explain how to make a rafting trip | D．To i ntroduce the history of the Colorado River |
When I was nine years old I lived in a small town. I found an ad for selling greeting cards in the back of a children’s magazine. I thought to myself I could do this. I begged my mother to let me send for the kit (配件). Two weeks later the kit arrived. The next three hours later, I returned home with no card and a pocket full of money shouting, “Mama, all the people couldn’t wait to buy my cards!” A salesperson was born.
When I was twelve years old, my father took me to see Zig Ziegler. I remember sitting in the dark hall listening to Mr. Ziegler raise everyone’s spirits up to ceiling. I left there feeling like I could do anything. When we got to the car, I turned to my father and said, “Dad, I want to make people feel like that.” My father asked me what I meant. “I want to be a motivational speaker just like Mr. Ziegler,” I replied. A dream was born.
Recently, I began pursuing（追求） my dream of motivating others. I realized that everything I had accomplished — the graduate degree, the successful sales career, speaking appointments, training and managing for a major fortune 100 company as a senior manager— had prepared me for this moment. I told my boss who was a great leader I would leave the company though I might not reach such a height in career. He told me to proceed（进行） and he believed I would succeed.
Having made that decision, I was immediately tested. One week after I gave notice, my husband was laid off from his job. We had recently bought a new home and needed both incomes to make the monthly mortgage (抵押) payment and now we were done to no income. I even planned to turn back to my former company, knowing they wanted me to stay but I was certain that if I went back, I would never leave. I decided I still wanted to move forward rather than end up with a mouth full of “if onlys” later on. A motivational speaker was born.
When I held fast to my dream, even during the tough times, the miracles（奇迹） really began to happen. In a short time period my husband found a better job. We didn’t miss a mortgage payment. And I was able to book several speaking appointments with new clients (客户). I discovered the incredible power of dreams. I loved my old job, my workmates and the company I left, but it was time to get on with my dream. To celebrate my success I had a local artist paint my new office as a garden. At the top of one wall she marked, “The world always makes way for the dreamer.”Why was the kit sent for?
| A．Selling greeting cards. | B．Collecting greeting cards. |
| C．Buying greeting cards. | D．Sending greeting cards. |
When did the author decide to become a motivational speaker?
| A．After buying a new home by mortgage. |
| B．After giving notice to leave her safe position in the company. |
| C．After finding a job in a major fortune 100 company. |
| D．After listening to Mr. Ziegler’s inspiring speech. |
Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
| A．She was once an excellent manager. |
| B．She left her post at the height of her career. |
| C．She was not sure whether the former company could accept her. |
| D．She didn’t miss paying the monthly mortgage payment. |
What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph?
| A．Carry on with your dreams and you will be successful. |
| B．Risk everything you have for a dream and you will succeed. |
| C．The world belongs to dreamers. |
| D．Everyone will find their dreams. |
People living in the country enjoy several advantages that people living in the city cannot enjoy.
They are in close contact (接触) with nature. They make friends with trees and stones. They breathe fresh air. They fight with strong winds. They listen to the song of birds.
This contact with nature is good for health. There are many diseases that are common in the city, but are not to be found in the country, For example, near---sightedness is almost unknown to country people.
Because of the absence of cars, one can walk more freely in the country than in the city, There are no rules of the road nor traffic signs to obey.
People living in the country can easily get fresh vegetables, fresh fruit and fresh milk, and they get them at lower prices than in the city.
Country life is economical (节俭的) in other ways, too. There are practically no temptations to waste money.
Country people are mostly honest. They say what they mean, and make and keep promises with sincerity (诚意). They do not put on air (摆架子). They do not pretend to have those ridiculous (荒谬的) manners which are necessary in what we call polite society. What can’t country people often enjoy?
| A．Musical concerts. | B．Fresh air. |
| C．Song of birds. | D．Close contact with nature. |
What is probably more expensive in the country than in the city?
| A．Vegetables. | B．Beer. | C．Milk. | D．Fruit. |
What is NOT true of country life?
| A．The traffic accident rate is very high in the country. |
| B．Living in the country saves one a lot of money. |
| C．Country people enjoy better health than the city people. |
| D．Country people are honest. |
A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift——＄7，000，a legacy (遗产) from their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accident . “It really made a difference when we were going under financially.” says Dave.
But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity. In some cases, it was a few thousand dollars; in other, it was more than ＄100,000.
It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money , more than ＄3 million—they were an elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm .
Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving. They thrived own comparison shopping and would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase .
Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked if you needed anything,” says their friend Sand Van Weelden, “They could see things they could do to make you happier, and they would do them.
Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy——a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cent ——should enrich the whole community (社区) and last for generations to come.
Neighbors helping neighbors ——that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story . According go the text , the Fusses
| A．were employed by a truck company | B．were in financial difficulty |
| C．worked in a school cafeteria | D．lost their home |
Which of the following is true of the Hatches?
| A．They had their children during the Great Depression. |
| B．They left the family farm to live in an old house. |
| C．They gave away their possessions to their neighbors. |
| D．They helped their neighbors to find jobs. |
Why would the Hatches routinely go from store to store?
| A．They decided to open a store |
| B．They wanted to save money |
| C．They couldn’t afford expensive things |
| D．They wanted to buy gifts for local kids |
What can we learn from the text?
| A．The community of Alto was poor. |
| B．The summer camp was attractive to the parents. |
| C．Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy form the Hatches. |
| D．The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example. |
Rules for the University Entrance Examination
• You must be at the 
examination center ten minutes before the examination starts. If you are more than ten minutes late, you may not enter the examination center. The examination takes place at the same time in different states.
• You must have proof of your name and grade as well as official examination number. Show these when you come to the examination center.
• Depending on which examination you are taking, you may bring certain items into the examination center. Mathematics examinations may allow you to use electronic calculators (计算器). Other subjects may allow you to use dictionaries and other reference materials. Please read the notes sent with your timetable carefully.
• You must bring your own pencils. None will be provided for you. The following items are not allowed in the examination center: walkmans and radios, head sets, any food or drink, school bags, electronic equipment (unless specifically permitted for various subjects), and mobile phones.
• Once in the center, you must sit at the desk with your examination number on it. When you sit down, place your examination number at the top corner of your desk.
• You must remain silent during the examination. You must not disturb other people who are taking the test.
• If you need a drink or toilet break, you should raise your hand and wait for the supervisor (监督者) to speak to you. You will be given water or the supervisor will take you to the bathroom. You are not allowed to talk with anyone during the break.
• You must write your answers in the official answer sheet. Your supervisor will provide extra paper if you wish to make notes.
• You may leave the examination room at any time if you do not plan to return. If you finish early and want to leave, please move well away from the examination center.
• The supervisor will warn you fifteen minutes, five minutes and one minute before the end of the examination. When the supervisor says that the time is up, you must put down your pencil and wait at your desk until your paper is collected. What kind of examination are these rules probably for?
| A．A local exam. | B．A final exam. |
| C．A college exam. | D．A national exam. |
What are you allowed to have wi
th you when you take mathematics examination?
A．Related materials . |
B．Proof of yourself. |
| C．A cell phone. | D．A dictionary. |
What should you do if you finish the test early, and want to get a better result?
| A．Take some notes carefully. |
| B．Leave the room immediately. |
| C．Remain in your seat and check again. |
| D．Raise your hand to inform your teacher. |
What can he provided for you during the exam?
| A．Pencils. | B．Food and drink. | C．Extra paper. | D．Calculators. |