完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Apes and human beings share a lot in common when it comes to behavior. The evidence taken from the observation of the behavior of apes and children suggests that there are three causes for the outbreak of fighting and the exhibition of by individuals.
One of the most common causes of fighting among both children and apes was over the ___ ___ of external objects. The argument over the ownership of any object---food, clothes, toys, females, and the affection of others--- was sufficient reason to __ ___ force. In a case of monkeys’ disagreement over females，thirty females were killed. Two points are of particular interest to notice about these fights for possession.
In the first place, the fights are often carried to such an extreme that they end in the __ __ destruction of the objects of common desire. Toys are torn to pieces and females are killed.
In the second place it is observable, that __ __ occurs when an object is desired by only one person or by someone else. There were many cases where toys and other objects which had been as useless were __ __ defended by their owners when they became the object of some other child’s desire.
Another cause of aggression is the tendency for children and apes are greatly to __ __ the invading of a stranger into their group. A new child in the class may be laughed at, and disliked. A new monkey may be bitten to death. It is interesting to note that anger occurs when a stranger comes from the __ __ species. Monkeys do not mind being _ __ by a goat or a rat. Children do not object when animals are introduced to the group. As a matter of fact, such newcomers are often __ _ . But when monkeys meet a new monkey or children a strange child, aggression often occurs. This strongly suggests that the reason for the aggression is fundamentally possessiveness. The competition of the newcomers is feared. The present members of the group feel that there will be more for the food or the of the adults.
Finally, another common of fighting among children is a frustration or failure in their own ___ __ .A child will be stopped either by __ __ causes such as bad weather or illness from doing something he wishes to do, for example, sail his boat or ride the bicycle. Sometimes the activity may be __ _ because of the opposition of some adult. The child may also frustrate itself by __ ___, through lack of skill or strength, to complete successfully some desired activity. Such a child will then in the ordinary sense become “naughty”. He will be in a bad or unfriendly temper.
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第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My mother seemed to be able to make dolls (洋娃娃) out of anything. She made some dolls for me and my two elder sisters. I 36 playing with them, but still, secretly, I hoped for a store-bought 37 like the one our rich cousin had. Her doll 38 open and close its blue glass eyes and even say "Mamma". I 39 stopped admiring it and hoping to have one.
However, my dream 40 came true when I was six. One day my father came back from his business trip with three 41 dolls! They were much smaller than our cousin’s doll and their eyes were just painted ones, but I did not 42 such differences. They were 43 "store-bought" dolls. We each chose one and I named 44 Misako.
Soon my sisters and I became 45. Our "children" kept us 46 all day. We gave them a bath, 47 them, brushed their hair, took them out for a walk and put them to bed. Several months later, they got more like real children — their 48 and bodies became dirtier; their dresses got stained; their hair less smooth.
But, by then, 49 interests seemed to have moved into 50 toys. Their dolls were abandoned (被抛弃) and in bad condition. One had 51 one of her arms, and 52 was one-legged. "You can 53 them if you want," my sisters said to me. Thus, I had 54_ dolls. They were more or less handicapped (残疾) and they often looked at me as if they needed me to 55 them. I enjoyed this feeling of being needed — being the only one in the world who could protect them with a lot of love. Indeed, they made the rest of my childhood days very happy.
36. A. wanted B. expected C. hoped D. enjoyed
37. A. doll B. toy C. girl D. baby
38. A. might B. should C. could D. dared
39. A. often B. never C. sometimes D. seldom
40. A. immediately B. firstly C. hardly D. finally
41. A. beautiful B. lovely C. store-bought D. new
42. A. care about B. care for C. think about D. worry about
43. A. total B. real C. like D. true
44. A. my B. one C. them D. mine
45. A. sisters B. fathers C. friendsD. mothers
46. A. free B. busy C. hardD. tired
47. A. wore B. put on C. dressedD. wash
48. A. faces B. legs C. arms D. hands
49. A. my B. their C. my sisters’ D. my doll’s
50. A. tiny B. different C. curious D. humorous
51. A. lost B. wounded C. cutD. damaged
52. A. the other B. another C. itD. other
53. A. look out for B. take care of C. pay attention to D. have a look at
54. A. two B. few C. manyD. three
55. A. teach B. feed C. satisfyD. help
第三节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
The purpose of a letter of application ( 求职信 ) is to help you to “sell” yourself. It should state ___21___the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and you have ___22___. It should be simple, human, personal and brief without ___23___out any necessary fact.
In writing a letter of application, keep in ___24___that the things a possible employer is most___25___ to want to know about are your qualifications and your aims. The opening paragraph is perhaps the most important part.___26___the first few sentences fail to___27___ the reader’s attention, the rest of the letter may not be ___28___at all. Try to key your opening remarks to the needs or interests of the employer not___29___your own need or desires. For example, instead of beginning with “ I saw your___30___in today’s paper,” you might say “I have made a careful___31___of your advertising during the past six months” or “I have made a survey in my neighborhood to find out how many housewives___32___your product and why they like it.”
Try to___33___generalities. Be clear about the kind of job for which you are now ___34___. College graduates looking for their first positions often ask “What can I___35___in a letter? Employers want experience---which, naturally, no___36___has.” The answer is that everything you have ever done is ___37___.
It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter.___38___a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something definite to do or expect. An excellent___39___ is to enclose ( 内附 ) a stamped, self-addressed envelope with your letter. That makes it___40___ for a possible employer to get in touch with you.
21. A. clearly B. carefully C. obviously D. easily
22. A. found B. done C. known D. heard
23.A. sending B. taking C. leaving D. picking
24. A. brain B. sight C. order D. mind
25. A. probable B. possible C. likely D. able
26. A. White B. Although C. As D. If
27. A. pay B. win C. show D. fix
28. A. kept B. continued C. written D. read
29. A. to B. for C. into D. from
30. A. advertisement B. report C. article D. introduction
31. A. watch B. search C. study D. discussion
32. A. change B. make C. sell D. use
33. A. avoid B. remember C. protect D. gain
34. A. losing B. applying C. preparing D. fitting
35. A. offer B. supply C. mean D. provide
36. A. worker B. beginner C. owner D. manager
37. A. success B. development C. practice D. experience
38. A. Make B. Ask C. State D. Get
39. A. result B. decision C. promise D. idea
40. A. happier B. easier C. cheaper D. safer
第二节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）
It was on a winter morning, near Oxford, Maryland, that I set the breakfast table beside the huge window, which __36__ the Tred Avon River．The snow decorated the shore in white．For a moment I stood quietly against the bookcase, appreciating what the night’s snow had __37__．
38 I leaned forward and peered （盯着看） close to the frosted window．“It really is!” I cried out loud．“There is a goose out there!” I __39__ to the bookcase and pulled out a pair of binoculars （望远镜）．Into their sights came the __40__ of a large Canada goose, very still, its wings folded tight to its sides, its __41__ frozen to the ice．
Then from the dark sides, I saw a line of swans．They crossed __42__ the west of the broad river, moving __43__ to the east．
As I __44__, the leader swung to the right, and then the white __45__ of birds become a white circle．It floated from the top of the sky downward．At last, as easy as feathers coming to earth, the circle __46__ the ice．The swans __47__ the frozen goose! Amazingly, those bills （啄） began to work on __48__．The long necks were lifted and curved down, __49__．It went on for a long time．At last, the goose was free and __50__ its big webbed （有蹼的） feet slowly．The goose __51__ its wings as far as they would go．The swans took off and __52__ their eastward journey, in perfect formation, to their secret destination．__53__ them, rising with incredible speed and joy, the goose moved into the sky．
I watched them __54__ they disappeared over the tips of the farthest trees．Only then did I realize that tears were running down my cheeks．
This is a true story．I do not try to interpret it here．I just often __55__ it in the bad moments, and tell myself, “If so for birds, why not for man?”
36．A．undertook B．overlooked C．overshadowed D．evaluated
37．A．destroyed B．covered C．painted D．hidden
38．A．Finally B．Unwillingly C．Disappointedly D．Suddenly
39．A．rushed B．returned C．advanced D．reached
40．A．figure B．shadow C．cry D．baby
41．A．head B．body C．feet D．beak
42．A．along B．from C．around D．in
43．A．steadily B．smoothly C．in the snow D．closely
44．A．watched B．expected C．predicted D．feared
45．A．block B．mass C．dot D．string
46．A．skated on B．landed on C．fell down to D．broke into
47．A．threatened B．attacked C．surrounded D．killed
48．A．the ice B．their feather C．the river D．the shore
49．A．one after another B．side by side C．now and then D．again and again
50．A．washing B．protecting C．moving D．warming
51．A．enlarged B．spread C．lifted D．threw
52．A．started B．carried on C．repeated D．stopped
53．A．Behind B．In front of C．Along with D．Including
54．A．after B．although C．unless D．until
55．A．write about B．keep C．think of D．retell
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Today I am known for my voice. Perhaps the greatest honor came when I was asked to read a book on tape.
But it 36 a long time to believe such good things could happen to me. When I was a youngster I stuttered(口吃) so badly that I was completely 37 to speak in public.
38 , when I was 14, Professor Donald Crouch came to our school. He was a retired college professor. English was his favorite subject and 39 was his deepest love. He held a book of poems as if it were a diamond necklace, 40 pages as if uncovering treasures. When he heard our school was teaching Shakespeare and other classics, he could no longer 41 not being a part of our school.
When he 42 that I not only loved poetry but was 43 it, we became closer. There was, however, one 44 between us－Professor Crouch could not bear the 45 that I refused to read my poems to the class.
“Jim, poetry is 46 to be read aloud,” he said. “You should be able to speak those beautiful words.” I shook my head and turned away.
One day he 47 me. After handing in a poem, I waited for his 48 . It didn’t come. Instead, one day as the students gathered together, he 49 me, “Jim, I don’t think you wrote this poem.”
I stared at him in 50 . “Why,” I started, anger 51 me. “of course I did!” “Well, then,” he said, “you’ve got to prove it by getting up and reciting it 52 memory.”
By then the other students had settled at their desks. With knees shaking, I walked up to the front. For a moment I stood there, 53 . Then I began, and kept going. I recited my poem all the way 54 !
Afterwards, Professor Crouch congratulated me, and encouraged me to read other writers’ poetry before public. I discovered I did have a(n) 55 and found my fellow students actually looked forward to hearing me recite.
36. A. lasted B. took C. spent D. wasted
37. A. uncertain B. uncomfortable C. unbelievable D. unable
38. A. However B. Besides C. Then D. Therefore
39. A. novel B. architecture C. art D. poetry
40. A. drawing B. writing C. turning D. finding
41. A. protect B. help C. keep D. stand
42. A. learned B. recognized C. decided D. proved
43. A. writing B. reading C. reciting D. saving
44. A. difference B. difficulty C. promise D. similarity
45. A. truth B. idea C. fact D. belief
46. A. said B. meant C. taught D. prepared
47. A. fooled B. joked C. tricked D. scolded
48. A. idea B. reward C. congratulation D. comment
49. A. told B. noticed C. attacked D. challenged
50. A. disbelief B. silence C. sadness D. excitement
51. A. flowing B. flooding C. filling D. sweeping
52. A. with B. by C. from D. in
53. A. terrified B. hopeless C. disappointed D. breathless
54. A. down B. along C. through D. around
55. A. voiceB. sound C. appearance D. interest
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的（A、B、C和D）四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Picture this situation. It is late afternoon and you are 36 . You have an important dinner engagement that evening so you 37 to take an hour nap. Instead of setting your alarm you ask a friend who is visiting to wake you in an hour. He 38 .
Two hours later, your friend wakes you. You ask, “Why didn’t you wake me after one hour?” He 39 that he thought you asked him to wake you in two hours and that is what he said. You then have to run around and get ready 40 , muttering to yourself about how you 41 have set the alarm rather than asking your friend to wake you. Had you done that, you would not have been so 42 to get ready.
Your conclusion is correct. Your 43 of what happened looked at the system you used. Your friend’s44 to wake you resulted from a miscommunication. 45 he didn’t hear you correctly or you misspoke.
46 at the situation from the point of view of being personally responsible is always better than blaming yourself or another. So how do you best be “responsible” in this situation? The answer is 47 in systems thinking.
Dr. W. Edward Deming is the American statistician who is credited with 48 the quality practices to Japan. 49 his arrival in that country in 1950, the label “made in Japan” was synonymous with inferior(劣等的) quality. Now the same “made in Japan” label is synonymous(等同) with 50 quality.
So what did Dr. Deming teach the Japanese that made such a 51 to the quality of their products? The answer is quite simple, yet profound. 52 on years of statistical analysis, Deming was able to validate(证明) that 94 % of all failures are not because people don’t want to do a good job. The fact is that 53 people want to do a good job.
What, then, is the 54 if it’s not the people?
It’s the system. The system failed in 94% of the 55 , not the people.
36. A. relaxed B. puzzled C. concerned D. tired
37. A. try B. decide C. promise D. expect
38. A. agrees B. admits C. accepts D. adopts
39. A. wonders B. doubts C. replies D. requests
40. A. carelessly B. quickly C. angrily D. suddenly
41. A. should B. could C. might D. would
42. A. slow B. rushed C. uncertain D. satisfied
43. A. understanding B. presentation C. description D. analysis
44. A. forgetfulness B. unwillingness C. failure D. fault
45. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. Whether
46. A. Glaring B. Staring C. Glancing D. Looking
47. A. left B. found C. received D. completed
48. A. bringing B. turning C. fetching D. leading
49. A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since
50. A. different B. poor C. best D. high
51. A. difference B. destruction C. decoration D. distinction
52. A. Based B. Relied C. Focused D. Counted
53. A. few B. fewer C. more D. most
54. A. reason B. cause C. effect D. result
55. A. incidents B. accidents C. cases D. actions