You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.
“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They (elevators) are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”
We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, lift users unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.
He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want – it’s your own little box.If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.
New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple – look down, or look at your phone.
Why are we so awkward in lifts?
“You don’t have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arm’s length of distance between us. And that’s not possible in most elevators.”
In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.The main purpose of the article is to _____.
| A.remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevator |
| B.tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquette |
| C.share an interesting but awkward elevator ride |
| D.analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator |
According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _____.
| A.turn around and greet one another |
| B.look around or examine their phone |
| C.make eye contact with those in the elevator |
| D.try to keep a distance from other people |
Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?

The writer wrote the passage in a tone of ___________.
| A.disapproved | B.objective |
| C.negative | D.supportive |
What picture do you have of the future? Will life in the future be better, worse of the same as now? What do you hope about the future?
Futurologists predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity, from entertainment to technology. First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. Instead, people will choose a programme from a menu and a computer will send the programme directly to the television. Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programmes, newspapers and books will come to us by computer.
In what concerns the environment, water will have become one of our most serious problems. In many places, agriculture is changing and they are growing fruit and vegetables to export. This uses a lot of water. Demand for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there could be serious shortages. Some futurologists predict that water could be the cause of war if we don’t act now.
In transport, cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there won’t be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell the drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination. On the other hand, space planes will take people half way around the world in two hours. Nowadays, the United States Shuttle can go into space and land on Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angels to Tokyo in just two hours.
In the field of technology, robots will have replaced people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robots — they do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere — in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
In particular, medicine technology will have conquered many diseases. Today, there are electronic devices that connect directly to the brain to help people hear. By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again and scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have. Scientists will be able to do these things — but should they?. What may happen in the field of entertainment in the future?
| A.The programme made by yourself may be sent to TV. |
| B.A computer may choose TV programmes for you. |
| C.You may choose the channels from the menu in a computer. |
| D.What to broadcast on TV is decided by yourself. |
. After reading Paragraph 3, we can know _______.
| A.we should take measures to save water from now on |
| B.fruits will be more and more expensive |
| C.people will be short of supplies of vegetables |
| D.planting will need much less water in the future |
. ________ is the main factor that makes driving much safe in the future
| A.Good traffic condition | B.A good knowledge of driving skill |
| C.The role played by computer | D.The use of new fuel in cars |
. The following statements are wrong EXCEPT ________ according to the text.
| A.The future world will be controlled by robots. |
| B.People won’t be blind or deaf in the future. |
| C.Fewer and fewer workers are needed in the future in factories. |
| D.Scientists have the right to clone people of different kinds. |
Every day Yang Hongwei takes the bus home from work, staring silently at the European-style villas(别墅), luxury cars and twinkling lights from the shopping center that he sees through the window.
Yang works for a software company in Zhongguancun. He dreams of such a life, away from poverty, and that hope has kept him in Beijing for three years since he graduated from university.
Soon Yang squeezes his way off the bus to the reality of his life: his home—a 10-square-metre room that costs 550 yuan(81 US dollars) or about one-fifth of his salary in rent every month. It’s very cold inside the house as it has no central heating system. He has to stand the long and cold winter. Determined to achieve his dream, Yang says he has changed jobs “numerous” times in the past three years and is considering quitting his present job.
Yang’s frustration over his life as a migrant(移民) is shared by many other graduates that have moved into big cities. Together they have come to be called the “ant tribe”, a term created by Chinese sociologists to describe the struggles of young migrants, who, armed with their diplomas, flood to big cities in hopes of a better life only to put up with low-paying jobs and poor living conditions. They share every similarity with ants. They live in colonies in crowded areas. They’re intelligent and hardworking, yet unknown and underpaid. The term, sociologists have said, also reflects their helplessness in a world governed by the law of the concrete jungle—only the strongest survive.
A survey in Ant TribeⅡ found nearly 30 percent of the “ants” are graduates of famous key universities—almost three times the percentage of 2009. Most have degrees in popular majors, such as medicine, engineering, economics and management. In addition, 7.2 percent of the “ants” have at least a master’s degree compared to 1.6 percent in 2009. Most said the economic recovery did not really improve their financial situations, and 66 percent said their incomes fell short of their expectations, the survey also found.
For two years, Lian Si, a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Chinese and Global Affairs of Peking University, who has studied the phenomenon, led a team of more than 100 graduate students to follow the groups in university towns like Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan and Xi’an. Lian evaluates the total population of the “ant community” in major cities at one million across China, with about 100,000 found in Beijing alone. Lian predicts that an increasingly challenging job market will see the ant tribe growing further in number. Another 6.3 million graduates are expected to join migrant workers and other job hunters in what promises to be a fierce labour competition.
The ant tribe’s embarrassing living situations have become a serious social issue, and the government should develop “second-and-third-tier cities” to attract more graduates from big cities. However, “ants” expect more study and training opportunities in big cities, which keeps them in positive mindsets despite their situations. As in the case of Yang, he is optimistic about getting a new job soon, having received eight interview offers in a week after sending out his resume. The prospect of landing a higher-paying job keeps him hopeful of moving out of the slum district(贫民区) soon. The sooner the better. . Yang has worked in Beijing since graduation from university ______.
| A.to live in a beautiful villa of European style |
| B.to have more opportunities to be promoted |
| C.to struggle for a better-off life in a big city |
| D.to enjoy a busy life in a software company |
. Which of the following best describes “ant tribe”?
| A.It refers to the group of low-income graduates living in embarrassing conditions. |
| B.It refers to the people who work hard like ants but are paid little. |
| C.It refers to the sociologists and scholars researching into some social phenomena. |
| D.It refers to some well-educated people who can’t survive in society. |
. What does the writer think of the phenomenon of “ant tribe”?
| A.“Ant tribe” has become too serious a social problem to solve. |
| B.It is the government’s duty to solve the problem of “ant tribe”. |
| C.Both the government and the graduates have the responsibility. |
| D.The existence of “ant tribe” has little influence on job markets. |
. The passage is mainly about ______.
| A.a new urban life style—“ant tribe” | B.a recent survey about the “ant tribe” |
| C.the “ant tribe’s” living conditions | D.the “ant tribe’s” dream and reality |
Learners report two main difficulties in reading, which may be linked. There are too many unknown words and as a result reading is simply not a pleasure. For some students, even reading in their own language is a chore.
Having a wide vocabulary is essential to making sense of written language. Of course, this is a circular argument, because the more you read the more vocabulary you learn and the more words you know the more easily you can read. Don’t make the mistake of reading with your dictionary beside you, looking up every single new or doubtful word. This is laborious and prevents you from practicing the skill of prediction.
Sometimes in reading you find a word you know but the sense doesn’t seem to fit in. This is not surprising because words have so many meanings and degrees of meaning. What is more, part of their meaning is shaped by the words around them. Keep looking at the surrounding words and asking yourself “what sort of meaning would make sense here?”
The more that people study the reading process, the better they can pass on to language learners a range of advice to choose from. People have learned to read in all kinds of ways. Here is some information that could help you plan to be a better reader in the foreign language you are studying.
1)Work out the general meaning first
When people read in a new language they often feel they must take a detailed approach, focusing on every word, particularly those they don’t know. They read as if they were using a microscope, looking carefully at each of the small pieces(the individual words), but not necessarily seeing the whole picture at first. This is called the “bottom-up” approach. Other readers try to look first at the big picture(the “top-down” approach), attending to individual bricks only as necessary, a process that involves some intelligent guesswork. Generally this second approach is recommended by successful learners.
2)Interactive reading
Another way of thinking about reading is to describe it as an interactive process, where the text brings something to you and you bring something to the text. Readers bring together all their knowledge of the world with what they see on the page in front of them. That is why, when reading in our own language, we don’t need to read every word. We add meaning which is not actually stated.
3)From supported reading to independent reading
Language learners start by needing considerable support as they read. Textbooks supply this support in the form of introductions that summaries the contents, glossaries, pictures, explanations of new grammar points. In your reading you need to move gradually from this support to reading more the text itself.. According to the author, ______.
| A.looking up the dictionary is of great help for the understanding |
| B.reading more promotes the gaining of vocabulary |
| C.the more you read, the less useful the dictionary will be |
| D.the amount of vocabulary is the key to reading |
. Successful learners recommend ______.
| A.trying to look first at the big picture |
| B.looking carefully at each of the small pieces |
| C.focusing on every word |
| D.“bottom-up” approach |
. The word “chore” in the first paragraph maybe means ______.
| A.an important aspect | B.a difficult and tiring thing |
| C.an easy question | D.something special |
. You come across a new or doubtful word when you are reading, you can ______.
| A.just miss it and let it be |
| B.keep looking at the surrounding words |
| C.look it up in the dictionary each time |
| D.make sense of it with the help of dictionary |
I'm fat. I'm too skinny. I'd be happy if I were taller, shorter, had curly hair, straight hair, a smaller nose, bigger muscles, longer legs. Do any of these statements sound familiar? Do you often put yourself down? If so, you're not alone. As a teen, you're going through a ton of changes in your body. And as your body changes, so does your image (形象) of yourself. Lots of people have trouble getting used to it and this can affect their confidence.
Some people think they need to change how they look or act to feel good about themselves. But actually all you need to do is change the way you see your body and how you think about yourself.
The first thing to do is recognize that your body is your own, no matter what shape, size, or color it comes in. If you're very worried about your weight or size, go to your doctor to check that things are OK. But it's no one's business but your own what your body is like-finally, you have to be happy with yourself.Next, find which aspects of your appearance you can change and which you can't change and need to accept-like their height, for example, or their shoe size.
If there are things about yourself that you want to change and can do this by making goals for yourself. For example, if you want to get fit, make a pan to exercise every day and eat nutritious foods.
When you hear negative comments coming from within yourself, tell yourself to stop. Try building your confidence by listing three things in your day that really gave you pleasure. It can be anything like the way the sun felt on your face, the sound of your favorite band, or the way someone laughed at your jokes.. From the first paragraph, we can infer that _________.
| A.most teens like to have a special body image |
| B.many teens can't accept their body change easily |
| C.teens prefer to change their body image quickly |
| D.teens usually change their opinions on their body image |
. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
| A.Realize you can't change everything about yourself. |
| B.Change the way other people look at you. |
| C.Go to your doctor for advice on how to change your body. |
| D.Learn from some celebrities on how to change your body. |
. The underlined phrase "put yourself down" in the first paragraph probably means_____.
| A.make yourself fall down | B.say negative things about yourself |
| C.force yourself to do something | D.write down your name somewhere |
. The passage is mainly about_______.
| A.how to adjust to the changes of your body |
| B.how to build confidence by changing your body |
| C.how to keep an attractive body image |
| D.how to find pleasure in your day |
Italian Lakes and Greek Islands(12days)
Prices starting from$1999
Your tour begins in Milan, Italy, and moves on to the pretty Italian Lake District and the attractive resort(胜地) of Stresa, your home for two nights. Collette Vacations has carefully chosen the Costa Victoria as your home away from home for your 7-night journey along the waterways of the Mediterranean. The cruise ship is filled with the warmth and culture of Italy and is richly designed with entertainment(娱乐) areas and very good living conditions. It will take you to the places of your dreams.
You’ll spend 4 days touring Greek cities you’ve always heard about. In Katakolon, you will have the only unguided tour to nearby Olympia on the whole journey. Then with a local guide you will visit the Greek islands of Santorini, which is often related to the story of the lost city Atlantis, and Mykonos, a wonderful island with beautiful beaches.
Your journey ends in Verona, home of the love story Romeo and Juliet, with a fun-filled farewell dinner--- a perfect ending to a pleasant journey.
12Days, 25 Meals, 10 Breakfasts, 6 Lunches, 9Dinners
Day 1 Overnight fight to Italy
Day 2-3 Regina Palace, Stresa, Italy
Day4—10 Costa Victoria (Costa cruises)
Day11 Hotel Leopardi, Verona, Italy
Day12 Leave for home
Please Note
| Leaving date |
Price for one person |
| April 7 |
$ 2 099 |
| June 2 |
$ 2 199 |
| October 6 |
$ 2 099 |
| November 3 |
$ 1 999 |
How is the journey planned?
| A.It starts and ends in Italy. |
| B.It starts and ends in Greece. |
| C.It starts in Italy and ends in Greece. |
| D.It starts in Greece and ends in Italy. |
What can be inferred from the travel plan?
| A.The price may get lower than those in the plan. |
| B.The price include three meals a day. |
| C.The price is the highest in summer. |
| D.The prices include entertainment service. |
What does the underlined part “the Costa Victoria” most probably refer to?
| A.A famous hotel. | B.A beautiful resort. |
| C.A comfortable ship. | D.A long-distant bus. |
Tourists will travel on their own in _____.
| A.Stresa | B.Olympia | C.Mykonos | D.Verona |