Indiahasaveryvasthistoryandher-优题课

Rodd and Todd were lucky children chosen to see Santa Claus himself up at the North Pole. Some elves(精灵) come in and said, "Santa Claus is very busy. You'll only be able to see him for a short while, so make the most of it."
Santa Claus appeared, carrying all the toys the two boys had ever wanted. While Todd ran to hug Santa Claus, Rodd went over to the bicycle he had always dreamed of having. Santa was only there for a few seconds, and disappeared before Rodd had even looked at him. He cried and complained, but within a few hours the two boys had been returned to their homes.
From that day on, every time Rodd saw a toy he felt the excitement of receiving a present, but he would instantly look around to see what else of importance he was missing. And in this way, Rodd helped those who had nothing, giving love to those who almost never received it, and putting smiles on the faces of the unhappy. All by himself, he managed to change the atmosphere of his town, and no one could know him without being grateful to him.
One Christmas, while he was sleeping, he felt someone pulling his leg. Rodd opened his eyes and saw the long white beard and the soft red suit. "Forgive me. I didn't know how to choose what was most important," said Rodd. But Santa Claus answered with a smile. "I chose to spend some time with the best boy in the world, just before I leave you the great gift you've earned for yourself. Thank you!” And the next morning, there were no presents under the Christmas tree. That Christmas, the gift had been so big that it couldn't fit down the chimney; the only place it could fit was in Rodd's heart.
The story mainly tells us ______.

A．to respect Santa Claus

B．to spend Christmas with Santa Claus

C．not to miss the important thing

D．not to ask for too many gifts for Christmas

Rodd and Todd were told by elves that _______.

A．it was not easy to meet Santa Claus

B．they had to wait for a long time

C．they have only a little time to be with Santa Claus

D．they would be sent back a few hours later

Rodd missed Santa Claus because_______.

A．he only focused on the present

B．he preferred the present to Santa Claus

C．he had never received any presents before

D．he was too young to know what was more important

What was the people’s attitude towards Rodd in the town?

A．They were grateful for his help.

B．They didn’t know him well.

C．They treated him as Santa Claus.

D．They gave him many presents.

We can infer from the story that _____.

A．Todd was cleverer than Rodd

B．Rodd would give present to others.

C．Rodd would go to the North Pole again

D．Rodd got more than common boys at last.

This is VOA. The National Cryptologic Museum is on Fort George G. Meade, a military base near Washington, DC. The method of hiding exact meanings is called coding. People have used secret codes throughout history to protect important information. The National Cryptologic Museum celebrated 60 years of cryptologic excellence in 2012. One event there marked the sixtieth anniversary of the National Security Agency. Two former NSA workers shared their memories of operating a code machine called Sigaba.
In 1940, an American woman named Genevieve Grotjan found some information being repeated in Japanese coded messages. Her discovery helped the United States understand secret Japanese diplomatic messages. After the United States understood the code, it was possible to study messages from the Japanese ambassador to Germany and to his supervisors in Japan.
Understanding these messages helped the United States prepare for a possible war in the Pacific with Japan. After the attack on Pearl Harbor. the American naval commander in the Pacific Ocean was Chester Nimitz. His forces were much smaller than the Japanese Naval forces. And the Japanese had been winning many victories. Joseph Rochefort had worked for several months to read the secret Japanese Naval code called JN-25. If he could understand enough of the code, he would be able to give Admiral Nimitz very valuable information.
From the beginning of 1942, the Japanese code discussed a place called "AF." Joseph Rochefort felt the Japanese were planning an important battle aimed at "AF." After several weeks, he and other naval experts told Admiral Nimitz that their best idea was that the "AF" in the Japanese code was the American-held island of Midway. Admiral Nimitz said he must have more information to prepare for such an attack.
The Navy experts decided to trick Japan. They told the American military force on Midway to broadcast a false message. The message would say the island was having problems with its water-processing equipment. The message asked that fresh water be sent to the island immediately. This message was not sent in code.
Several days later, a Japanese radio broadcast in the JN-25 code said that "AF" had little water. Joseph Rochefort had the evidence he needed. "AF" was now known to be the island of Midway. He also told Admiral Nimitz the Japanese would attack Midway on June 13.The battle that followed was a huge American victory. That victory was possible because Joseph Rochefort learned to read enough of the Japanese code to discover the meaning of the letters "AF."
One American code has never been broken. Perhaps it never will. It was used in the Pacific during World War Two. For many years the government would not discuss this secret code. Listen for a moment to this very unusual code. Then you may understand why the Japanese military forces were never able to understand any of it.
The code is in the voice of a Native American. The man you just heard is singing a simple song in the Navajo language. Very few people outside the Navajo nation are able to speak any of their very difficult language.
At the beginning of World War Two, the United States Marine Corps asked members of the Navajo tribe to train as Code Talkers.
The Cryptologic Museum says the Marine Corps Code Talkers could take a sentence in English and change it into their language in about 20 seconds. A code machine needed about 30 minutes to do the same work.
The Navajo Code Talkers took part in every battle the Marines entered in the Pacific during World War Two. The Japanese were very skilled at breaking codes. But they were never able to understand any of what they called "The Marine Code."
The Cryptologic Museum has many pieces of mechanical and electric equipment used to change words into code. It also has almost as many examples of machines used to try to change code back into useful words.
The NSA was founded__________.

A．in 1940	B．1942
C．in 1952	D．in 2012

According to the passage, which one is not right?

A．“Cryptologic’’ implies containing some hidden information

B．The US decoded “AF” and won the victory in Midway Islands

C．Both Rchefort and Nimitz were American navy commanders

D．The US Marine Corps was fallen for in Midway Islands battle

The Americans used the Navajo language in their coding system during the Second World War for the reason that .

A． unusual language was successfully used for codes

B．it was commonly used in coding system worldwide

C．the United States Marine Corps invented it then

D．it was the most beautiful language in the world

This passage is probably adapted from ____________.

A．an evening paper

B．a science fiction

C．a broadcasting program

D．a travel guidebook

Superstorm Sandy’s march of destruction claimed at least 43 lives and left more than eight million people without electricity by late Tuesday, in one of the largest storms ever to strike the East Coast.
Less violent but still dangerous, the storm swept across Pennsylvania on Tuesday and the northeastern US began its slow process of recovery. As dawn broke Tuesday on the storm’s trail of destruction, it began exposing stories of heroism and tragedy, bad decisions and lucky breaks.
In Broad Channel in New York City, a 29-year-old mother was forced to dive and swim out of her house’s front window with her 8-year-old daughter. And in Freeport, N.Y., Nicole Smith returned home --- to find a boat on her lawn. She asked passers-by for $5 to take a snapshot. A 13-year-old girl was found dead, in her pajamas, a block from her washed-out Staten Island home. On Monday night, Sandy’s waves ripped out the entire deck of Jeffrey Ratner’s home, along with the back wall. Still, Mr. Ratner said, he remains optimistic about the future. “We are going to rebuild it,” he said.
The official warnings to evacuate(疏散)were clear, a couple said. But staying home just seemed easier. “It’s not their fault; it’s ours,” said Mary Norton, 88, head in her hands. “We did not leave.”
New York’s extensive transit system, a lifeline for millions of commuters(上下班往返的人), suffered the greatest damage as floodwaters drowned all seven subway tunnels connecting Manhattan and Brooklyn. Jseph Lhota, Chairman of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, described it as the most destroying in the 108-year history of the New York subway.
Forecaster said Sandy, which had maximum continuing winds of 45 miles an hour Tuesday afternoon, would cross western Pennsylvania on Tuesday night before moving into Canada on Wednesday as it meets cold air fronts. Another inch of rain was expected from the eastern Great Lakes across the mid-Atlantic and into southern New England.
The passage mainly talks about________.

A．New York’s extensive transit system

B．when and why superstorm formed

C．the latest information about Sandy

D．superstorm Sandy’s destruction in America

Mary Norton and her husband didn’t leave their home because________.

A．they didn’t know a superstorm was on the way

B．they didn’t believe the government’s warnings

C．they didn’t want to take the trouble to move

D．they had no chance of leaving before Sandy hit the area

The transit system mentioned in the last paragraph but one refers to_________.

A．the bus route	B．the ship route
C．the flight course	D．the subway route

Which of the following statements about Sandy is WRONG?

A．It had killed at least 43 lives when the news was released.

B．It would move into Canada on Tuesday night.

C．It would bring another rain to the eastern Great Lakes

D．It led to power failure in many areas in America.

Never before in Chinese history has a documentary film aroused so much public enthusiasm. Everybody is talking about a new 7-part documentary called A Bite of China which was recently broadcast late at night on CCTV I. The documentary describes various gourmet items across the vast Chinese culinary (烹饪) landscape.
According to Taobao, China’s biggest online retail website, just five days after the series began to air, nearly 6 million people went to the site in search of various local specialties, particularly those mentioned in the documentary. More than 7.2 million deals were concluded. A ham producer from Yunnan Province saw his sales grow 17-fold in five days.
However, one can’t help but believe that the documentary’s popularity is probably linked to the endless stream of terrible food security issues that have emerged in recent years. In one well-received article, a netizen wrote, “I wonder how many felt so empty-hearted and sighed after watching the film. Blue-vitriol watered chive, formaldehyde(甲醛) sprayed cabbage, Sudan Red colored salty eggs, restaurants using gutter oil. The list is long…”
A varied and ancient food culture that is famous world-wide and which should have made the Chinese proud ends like this: one can only sigh. Food is the most vital thing in people’s lives. Yet China’s food industry is a typical description of “bad money driving out the good”.The market is huge while the cost of faking and cheating is so low for unscrupulous (不道德的) businessmen; and the punishment is too light. Take the milk industry as an example. Although Sanlu, the company that sold the melamine-adulterated milk powder, was punished, thousands of other dairies didn’t work hard to improve the quality. In order to allow national brands to survive, Chinese authorities are happy to loosen their regulations.
As the documentary shows, people are attracted not to gourmet items like matsutake, a species of rare mushroom grown naturally in remote forests, but to common Chinese dishes like barley, lotus root or tofu. They are what meet our basic needs. This explains why people are so excited about A Bite of China---it is a reminder that there is still a world out there where food is excellent and people have dignity.
The underlined word “gourmet items” probably means________.

A．beautiful clothes	B．latest technology
C．delicious food	D．great inventions

The second paragraph mainly talks about______.

A．The popularity of the document

B．the content of the document

C．the history of Chinese gourmet

D．the producer of the document

We can infer from what a netizen wrote in one well –received article that ______.

A．none of the television viewers have a knowledge of the Chinese food culture

B．there is a huge contrast between the ancient food culture and the reality

C．the price of food is too high for many common people

D．the documentary was made by a world-famous Chinese director

According to the passage, China’s food industry is full of faking and cheating because_____.

A．there are still so many poor people at the present time

B．the punishment for unscrupulous businessmen isn’t serious enough

C．the Chinese government encourages it to do so

D．the food technology is not so advanced as in developed countries

An incredible dog has mastered more than just the doggy paddle (狗刨式游泳) — the golden brown pet helps disabled children learn how to surf. Ricochet’s owner Judy Fridono said, “I was working with her at balance and coordination (协作). Her balance is so good that she can help to stabilize the board for the kids. And it makes them feel good to know that Ricochet is there with them, keeping them company.”
After becoming an expert, two-year-old Ricochet helps the disabled children build up the confidence to get on the board themselves. Dressed in a yellow jacket, Ricochet helps to counter-balance the board and acts as a reassuring presence.
Ms. Fridono knows what an impact her beloved dog can have. She herself was severely disabled since her teens. Having Ricochet around lifts her spirits, and inspires her to conquer her pain to get on the board. “Ricochet has taught me to focus on what I can do, rather than what I can’t,” she said.
One of those who have benefited from Ricochet’s skills is six-year-old Ian McFarland. In 2008 a car crash left him with brain damage. Although he had loved surfing before the accident, he was too nervous to go back into the water. His fear turned to excitement, when he was told he could try a tandem (双人) surf session with Ricochet. Their session was a success and by the end of it, Ian was smiling from ear to ear. As well as helping with treatments, Ricochet also raised £5,000 to help continue Ian’s recovery.
Over the last 10 months, Ricochet’s excellent performances on the sea have raised more than £30,000 for a number of charity causes.
According to the passage, Ricochet is .

A．a dog	B．a doctor
C．a dog owner	D．a disabled boy

What role does Ricochet play according to the passage?

A．She acts as a pet to please its owner.

B．She accompanies the disabled children at home.

C．She works as a guide dog for the blind

D．She helps the disabled children learn to surf.

Which statement can best describe Ricochet?

A．The two-year-old dog is severely disabled.

B．Ricochet helps youngsters build up their confidence.

C．Ricochet helps youngsters in their daily life.

D．Ricochet is a lifesaver on the sea.

A．honor the kings	B．keep enemies away
C．act as a palace for queens	D．attract tourists