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Edison was one of the greatest scientists that greatly shaped modem society.
When he was seven, Edison's family moved from Ohio to Michigan after his father got a job there. Because of hearing problems, he had difficulty(follow) the lessons and often ran away from school. However, he used the time
(read) books and set up a laboratory in his home. But the smell from his laboratory was often so strong
his mother had to stop him from carrying out any more experiments at home.
At the age of twelve, Edison got a job on the Grand Trunk Railway. There, he made use of an abandoned (被抛弃的) car his laboratory. During that time, he
(success) developed a device (设备) that could send messages. By 1869, Edison' s inventions in telegraphy were widely accepted,
made him decide to leave the job and become a full-time
(invent). Edison's most' "well-known" inventions included the electric light bulb, microphones and so on. In explaining
he could come up with so many inventions, Edison said "Genius is one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine per cent perspiration."
Edison(die) at the age of 84 on October 18, 1931. At the time of his death, he was still doing experiments in his laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey. He clearly enjoyed his work and lived life to
fullest.
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Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned a farm, which looked almost abandoned. (lucky), he also had a cow
(produce) milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what
(leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass
it began to rain heavily. While making great
(effort) to run away, she
(fall) over the hill and died. Then Johnson tried to make
living without the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs (草药) and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees
(sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market
people from the town met regularly. Now
occurred to him that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.
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Until recently daydreaming was viewed as a waste of time or it (consider) an unhealthy escape from real life and its duties. But now some people are taking a fresh look at daydreaming. Some think it may be a very
(health) thing to do. Some researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to mental health. Daydreaming, they tell us,
a good means of relaxation. But its benefits go
this. A number of psychologists have conducted experiments and have reached some
(surprise) conclusion.
Dr. Joan T. Freyberg has concluded that daydreaming contributes growth. It also improves (concentrate),attention span, and the ability to get along with others. Industrialist Henry J.Kaiser believed that much of his success was due
the positive use of daydreaming. Florence Nightingale dreamed of becoming a nurse. The young Thomas Edison pictured
as an inventor.
For these notable achievers, it appears that their daydreams came .Dr Harry Emerson Fosdick offered this advice: “Hold a picture of yourself…in your mind’s eye, and you will be drawn toward it. Picture yourself
(vivid) as defeated and that alone will make victory impossible.
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As a well-known doctor in London, John Snow was willing to help ordinary people (expose) to cholera. He knew that only when
cause of it was found could the
(dead) disease be controlled. He has two theories in mind explaining how cholera killed people.
was that cholera multiplied in the air without reason; the other was
people absorbed it into their bodies
their meals. After many
(investigate), he found the drinking water was to blame because the river
(pollute). Immediately John Snow told the people to remove the handle from the water pump
that it could not be used. Soon the disease began to slow down. To prevent the disease from
(happen) again, the water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated
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For more than six million American children, coming home after school means (come) to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hang out outside.
all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They
(call) latchkey children---they are children who look after themselves while their parents work. And their bad situation has become a subject of concern.
A headmaster of an elementary school said that there was a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys(attach). He was constantly telling them to put them inside shirts. There were so many keys
he slowly learned were house keys.
He began talking to the children who had them. Then he learned the influence working couples and single parents were having their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own
(safe).
The most common way latchkey children deal with this is by hiding. It might be in a bathroom, under a bed in a closet. The second is TV. They’ll watch it with the volume turned up high. Most parents don’t realize
(it) effect on their children and most parents are slow to admit the fact
they leave their children alone.
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What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no thing as standard English. Many people believe the English
on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, people
(report) the news were expected to speak excellent English.
,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
When people use words and expressions different the "standard language ",it is called a dialect. American English
(have) many dialects, the midwestern , southern, African American, Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little
(different).
Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some peoplelive in the mountains of the USA speak with an older part English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they
(take) their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak almost the same dialects
people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects.