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Russia’s security chief has blamed an act of terror for the Russian A321 airliner crash in Egypt last month which killed 224 people. Whatever happened, the tragedy raises sad memories of horrific airplane crashes that have cost thousands of lives in recent decades .
Some of the worst such incidents—like four crashes in frightening succession into New York’s World Trade Center, the Pentagon and rural Pennsylvania on September 11, 2001; the 1988 downing of Pan Am Flight 103 in Lockerbie, Scotland; and a 1977 crash involving the apparent hijacking of a Malaysian Airlines jet that left 100 dead—involved terrorist activity. But there are many others that did not, with mechanical problems, pilot error or other reasons blamed for loss of life. Below are some examples of the latter: crashes that left at least 200 people dead in each incident.
March 27 , 1977 : A KLM Royal Dutch Airlines Boeing 747 beginning its takeoff crashed into Pan American World Airways Boeing 747 then still on the runway at the Los Rodeos Airport at Tenerife in the Canary Islands. A total of 574 people, aboard both planes, died .
July 11 , 1991 : The landing gear of a Nigeria Airways DC-8 catches fire shortly after takeoff Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. It doesn’t make it back to the airport, crashing nose-down less than 10,000 feet short of the runway and killing all 261 people aboard.
April 26 , 1994 : The pilot of a China Airlines’ Flight 140 alerts the control tower at Japan’s Nagoya Airport of his intention not to land and try another approach. But something goes wrong and, a short time later, the Airbus A300 crashes leading to 264 deaths—though a few passengers do survive.
September 2 , 1998 : A Swiss air jetliner that had departed New York’s Kennedy airport on its way to Geneva, Switzerland, goes down off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada; none of the 229 people aboard Flight 111 make it. Investigators believe that the MD-11 lost all electrical power immediately before the crash.
June 1 , 2009 : Air France Flight 447 is on the way from Rio de Janiero to Paris when it and its 228 passengers and crew go missing somewhere over the Atlantic Ocean. It’s not until five days later that the first bodies are found about 600 miles off the northern coast of Brazil. Two years later, French authorities blame the crash on equipment breakdown.
The first paragraph is intended to ______.

A.memorize those people aboard the Russian A321 airline.
B.show it is the most serious incident in history.
C.direct attention to some disastrous air plane crashes.
D.analyze the cause of the disaster and blame the airline company.

Which air crash resulted from terrorist attack ?

A.China Airlines’ Flight 140
B.Pan Am Flight 103
C.Air France Flight 447
D.Swissair Jetliner Flight 111

Which of the following statements is not true ?

A.Two planes of the same type hit each other on March 27 , 1977.
B.There were over 264 people aboard China Airlines’ Flight 140.
C.It took five days to find some bodies of Air France Flight 447.
D.Swissair Jetliner Flight 111 crashed during its landing.
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A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves — the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.
This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!”
Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. Or harsh (刻薄的) and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive.
Words possess power because of their lasting effects. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it true? Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.
Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem (自尊) and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.
There is no need for us to feel embarrassed when we talk to ourselves because _________.

A.almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves
B.talking to ourselves always gives us courage
C.we can benefit from talking to ourselves
D.it does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone

The underlined part in the third paragraph means that we should also timely ________.

A.remind ourselves
B.praise ourselves
C.make ourselves relaxed
D.give ourselves amusement

The author would probably hold the view that _________.

A.encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers
B.negative words may motivate us to make more progress
C.people tend to remember friendly words
D.it is better to think twice before talking to others

In which column of the newspaper can you most likely read this passage?

A.News. B.Advice column.
C.Health. D.Language.

Why do parents have such a difficult time to communicate openly and honestly with their teens? For this, there are many reasons but most of them stem from not being able to properly understand their teens. It is a dangerous gap because parents will have to communicate with their teens about a wide variety of issues during the most important years of their lives. Thus, parents must know how to communicate openly and honestly with their teens.
Here are a few tips to make communication easier between parents and teenagers.
1. Try not to talk down to your teens. Make them feel as if their views really matter, which not only helps your discussions with your teen but bring you closer to him.
2. Imagine what it would be like to be a teen. Try to remember some of the negative feelings you experienced as a teenager and apply it to your teen's situation.
3. Never make negative remarks to your teen about what she has said or done.
4. Remember how much courage it would have taken for your teen to come and talk to you about his personal issues. So listen respectfully.
5. Don't ignore your teen's feelings because it is usually a cry for help. For instance, if your teen is unusually angry, it may be time to spend a bit of quality time with your teen to determine what is wrong and where he is coming from.
It is, therefore, necessary for parents to strive to keep lines of communication open at all times with their teens. Try to remember what it was like to be a teenager and how vulnerable(脆弱的)you felt. Then you will be well on your way to help your teen communicate more openly and honestly.
Why don't teens want to talk about their personal issues with their parents?

A.Because they can't respect their parents.
B.Because they can't understand their parents.
C.Because their parents won't understand them well.
D.Because their parents are not honest.

When your son comes to you for help, you should NOT _____.

A.listen respectively B.treat him seriously
C.care about his feeling D.make negative remarks

Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined phrase “talk down to”?

A.put down B.look down upon
C.chat with D.quarrel with

The best title for this passage is _____.

A.Causes of generation gap
B.Relations between teens and parents
C.Suggestions for parents-children effective communication
D.Problems with communication between teens and parents

Argentina in the late nineteenth century was an exciting place. Around 1870,it was experiencing an economic boom(繁荣), and the capital, Buenos Aires, attracted many people. Farmers, as well as a flood of foreigners from Spain and Italy, came to Buenos Aires seeking jobs. These jobs didn′t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city. As the unhappy newcomers mixed together in the poor parts of the city, the dance known as the tango(探戈舞)came into being.
At the beginning the tango was a dance of the lower classes. It was danced in the bars and streets. At that time there were many fewer women than men, so if a man didn′t want to be left out, his only choice was to dance with another man so that he could attract the attention of the few available women. Gradually, the dance spread into the upper classes of Argentinean society and became more respectable.
In Europe at this time, strong interest in dance from around the world was beginning. This interest in international dance was especially evident in Paris. Every kind of dance from ballet(芭蕾舞)to belly dancing could be found on the stages of the Paris theaters. After tango dances from Argentina arrived in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public as they performed their exiting dance in cafes. Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.
The popularity(流行)of the tango continued to grow in many other parts of the world. Soldiers who returned to the United States from World War I brought the tango to North America. It reached Japan in 1926, and in 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kind of dance ambassador, and promoted tango dancing throughout South Korea.
The origin of the tango is associated with _____________.

A.Belly dancers B.American soldiers
C.Spanish city D.the capital of Argentina

Which of the following is true about the tango?

A.It was created by foreigners from Spain and Italy.
B.People of the upper classes loved the tango most
C.It was often danced by two males in the beginning
D.A dancer in Seoul became the Argentinean ambassador.

Before World War I, the tango spread to __________.

A.America B.Japan C.France D.South Korea

What can be the best title for the text?

A.How to Dance the Tango
B.The History of the Tango
C.How to Promote the Tango
D.The Modern Tango Boom

Since many of you are planning to study at a college or university in this country, you may be curious to know what you usually do in a typical week, how you can get along with your fellow students, and so on. These are the questions I want to discuss with you today.
First, let's talk about what your weekly schedule will look like. No matter what your major may be, you can expect to spend between four and six hours a week for each class attending lectures. Lectures are usually in very large rooms because some courses such as introduction to sociology or economics often have as many as two or three hundred students, especially at large universities. In lectures, it's very important for you to take notes on what the professor says because the information a lecture is often different from the information in your textbooks. Also, you can expect to have exam questions based on the lectures. So it isn't enough to just read your textbooks; you have to attend lectures as well. In a typical week you will also have a couple of hours of discussion for every class you take. The discussion section is a small group meeting usually with fewer than thirty students where you can ask questions about the lectures, the reading, and the homework. In large universities, graduate students, called teaching assistants, usually direct discussion sections.
If your major is chemistry, or physics, or another science, you'll also have to spend several hours a week in the lab, or laboratory, doing experiments. This means that science majors spend more time in the classroom than non science majors do. On the other hand, people who major in subjects like literature or history usually have to read and write more than science majors do.
The main purpose of this text is ______.

A.to persuade the students to attend lectures
B.to help the students to learn about university life
C.to encourage the students to take part in discussions
D.to advise the students to choose proper majors

We can learn from the passage that university professors ______.

A.spend about 5 hours on lectures each week
B.must join the students in the discussion sections
C.prefer to use textbooks in their lectures
D.require the students to read beyond the textbooks

A discussion section does NOT include ______.

A.discussing the problems related to the students' homework
B.talking over what the students have read about the courses
C.working under the guidance of university professors
D.raising questions about what a professor has said in a lecture

According to the author, science majors ______.

A.have to work harder than non science majors
B.spend less time on their studies than non science majors
C.consider experiments more important than discussions
D.read and write less than non science majors

Three Boys and a Dad
Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. Expecting a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. "This will be like a walk in the park," he'd told his wife. "I'll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom."
Things started well, but just after eight o'clock, his three little "good kids"—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted "breakfast, daddy." When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex's head as if it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat(节拍). Mike chanted "Where's my toast, where's my toast," in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.
Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy's underwear on his head. Randy locked himself in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, although they were before their very eyes. Someone named "Not Me" had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.
By ten o'clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared to be reading quietly in the family room, but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and reading would be impossible.
At exactly11:17, Brad called the daycare centre(日托所). "I suddenly have to go into work and my wife's away. Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes? " The answer was obviously "yes" because Brad was smiling.
When his wife left home, Brad expected to __________.

A.enjoy his first day off work
B.watch TV talk show with his children
C.go out for a walk in the park
D.read the newspaper to his children

Which of the following did Randy do?

A.Drawing on the wall. B.Feeding the fish
C.Eating apple jam D.Reading in a room

Why did Brad ask the daycare centre for help?

A.Because he wanted to clean up his house
B.Because he suddenly had to go to his office.
C.because he had to take his wife back home.
D.Because he found it hard to manage his boys.

This text is developed _________.

A.by space B.by comparison
C.by process D.by time

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