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The film stars out as a normal day at a typical American high school. Friends chat in the dining room and boys play football. But there's big surprise when the movie ends with two students going crazy in the school-shooting and killing people.
This is Elephant. It stars real school kids. American director Gus Van Sant had no ready-made lines. The student actors made up their own dialogue, with Van Sant asking them to base their characters on their own lives.
Although it may not sound very high quality, the film won the Palme d'Or (金棕奖) for Best Film and the award for Best Director at the Cannes film festival.
The film is based on the shootings at a high school in the US, where two boys killed 13 people and then themselves in 1999.
The title of the movie refers to the old expression about a problem that's as hard to ignore as an elephant in the house.
The film takes a close look at a few hours in the lives of the victims and the killers. It shows how high school is a different experience for everyone---fun and friendly, or hard and lonely.
In many ways, the two boys, who carry out the shooting, act like ordinary kids. They joke around with one boy's mother as she serves them cakes and play the piano.
But there're hints of the anger they feel inside. One of the boys is bullied (欺负) at school. The other plays violent video games. But Van Sant isn't blaming their killings on either bullying or violent games. In fact, the film doesn't offer any reason for why school violence happens.
"I didn't want to explain anything. It's up to the audience to draw its own conclusions," said the 51-year-old director.
The lines of the film were ________.

A.given by the director
B.created by student actors
C.thought out by the director during the acting
D.carefully designed by professional people

The film doesn't tell why school shootings happen________.

A.so as to leave room for the audience to think and judge
B.because life itself is the problem maker
C.because the mental problems of students are hard to explain
D.but there are some hints of the reasons

The film is named Elephant because ________.

A.an elephant is always gentle and never causes trouble
B.an elephant is a symbol of big problems in American schools
C.elephant is used to suggest that the school crime is a big problem
D.the two boys liked elephants when alive

What’s the passage mainly about?

A.It shows American school life.
B.It introduces the film Elephant.
C.It tells people to be careful while in peace.
D.It reports a school killing in a US school.
科目 英语   题型 阅读理解   难度 较易
知识点: 日常生活类阅读
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A scientist working at her lab bench and a six﹣old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well,just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists (心理学家)have argued that this"play"is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.

Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it falls in the ground﹣﹣﹣and,in the process,it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用); bowls of rice do not float in mid﹣are,but require support to remain stable.It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe;nor are they ever clearly taught it.Instead,babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.Though their ranges and tools differ,the baby's investigation and the scientist's experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world ),overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world),and logic (are my observations what I expected?).

Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way﹣﹣﹣that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.For example,it may only be through repeated experiments,evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory,that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has,for example,unlike the child,Mommy actually doesn't like Dove chocolate.

Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike?Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort﹣﹣﹣the desire to explore,explain,and understand our world﹣﹣﹣is simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds,and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it,"It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children."

50.According to some developmental psychologists,    

A.

a baby's play is nothing more than a game.

B.

scientific research into babies; games is possible

C.

the nature of babies'play has been thoroughly investigated

D.

a baby's play is somehow similar to a scientist's experiment

51.We learn from Paragraph 2 that    

A.

scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently

B.

scientists and babies often interact with each other

C.

babies are born with the knowledge of object support

D.

babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do

52.Children may learn the rules of language by    

A.

exploring the physical world

B.

investigating human psychology

C.

repeating their own experiments

D.

observing their parents'behaviors

53.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?    

A.

The world may be more clearly explained through children's play.

B.

Studying babies'play may lead to a better understanding of science.

C.

Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.

D.

One's drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.

54.What is the author's tone when he discusses the connection between scientists'research and babies'play?    

A.

Convincing.

B.

Confused.

C.

Confident.

D.

Cautious.

46.Suppose you are doing research on children's relationship skills,you may want to read    

A.

Circle Time for Young Children

B.

Children with School Problems:A Phsysician's Manual

C.

Education and Disaddvantaged Children and Young People

D.

Build It,Make It,Do It,Play It!Guides for Children and Teens

47.Which book would you recommend to someone interested in children's mental imanges?    

A.

Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood.

B.

Songs in Their Heads:Music and Its Meaning in children's Lives.

C.

Big Ideas for Little Kids:Teaching Philosophy Through children's Literature.

D.

Young Children as Artists:Art and Design in the Early Years and Key Stage 1.

48.How many books published in 2015 are found in this search?    

A.

9.

B.

90.

C.

118.

D.

290.

49.Children with School Problems:A Phsysician's Manual is most likely intended for    

A.

educators

B.

librarians

C.

doctors

D.

artists.

"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?"Lindsey whipers to Tori.

With her eyes shining,Tori brags,"You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago."

Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happens to be yours truly,Adam Freedmam,I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton Higt School,including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话).I have noticed three effects of gossip:it can hurt people,it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social pressures in a group.

An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out﹣that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless,but cruel lies can cause pain.

If we know that gossip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?Tht answer lies in another effect of gossip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the"in group."In other words,gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).

Gossip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms,this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said,then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.

The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news,thing about why you want to gossip and what effects your"juicy story"might have.

41.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passahe to    

A.

introduce a topic

B.

present an argument

C.

describe the characters

D.

clarify his writing purpose

42.An important negative effects of gossip is that it    

A.

breaks up relationships

B.

embarrasses the listener

C.

spreads information around

D.

causes unpleasant experiences

43.In the author's opinion,many people like to gossip because it    

A.

gives them a feeling of pleasure

B.

helps them to make more friends

C.

makes them better at telling stories

D.

enables them to meet important people

44.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can    

A.

provide students with written rules

B.

help people watch their own behaviors

C.

force school to impove student handbooks

D.

attract the police's attention to group behaviors

45.What advice does the author give in the passage?    

A.

Never become a gossiper

B.

Stay away from gossipers

C.

Don't let gossip turn into lies

D.

Think twice before you gossip.

Walking will be banned on escalators as part of a trail designed to reduce congestion(拥堵) at some of the country's busiest stations.

In the first move of its kind,all travelers will be forced to stand on both sides of escalators on the London Underground as part of a plan to increase capacity(容量) at the height of the rush hour.

A six﹣month trial will be introduced at Holborn station from mid﹣April,eliminating the rule of standing on the right and walking on the left.The move,imitating a similar structure in Far Eastern cities such as Hong Kong,is designed to increase the number of people using long escalators at the busiest times.it could be expanded across the Tube network in coming years.

According to London Underground,only 40percent of travelers walk the full length of long escalators,leaving the majority at the bottom as they wait to get on to the"standing"side.

A three﹣week trial at Holborn last year found that the number of people using escalators at any one time of could be raised by almost a third.Peter McNaught,operations director at London Underground,said:"It may not seem right that you can go quicker by standing still,but our experiments at Holborn have proved that it can be true.This new six﹣month trial will help us find out if we can influence customers to stand on both sides in the long term."

Holborn has one of the longest sets of escalators on the Underground network at 23.4high.Tube bosses claim that capacity was limited because so few people wanted to walk up﹣meaning only one side was used at all times.Research has shown that it is more effective use of escalators over 18.5to ban walking.

The previous trial found that escalators at the station normally carried 2,500people between 8:30am and 9:30am on a typical day,rising to 3,250during the researching period.

In the new trial,which will be launched from April 18,one of three"up"escalators will be standing only,with a second banning walking at peak times.A third will remain a mix of walking and standing.

(Note:Answering the questions the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

78.What is the existing problem with standing on the right and walking on the left?  

79.What did last year's three﹣week trial at Holborn station prove?  

80.The research suggests that walking should be forbidden on escalators that are at least   in height.

81.In the new trail,in addition to one escalator banning walking in rush hours,the other"up"escalators will be used for  

I have two sons.They are as different as night and day.My youngest is sweet, loveable, easy-going, and finds joy in everything.My oldest we’ve nicknamed the “Evil Genius” is ambitious, self-confident, and suffers no fools.
Whenever we mentioned Santa my husband and I were rewarded with major eye rolling and deep sighs from my oldest.At first we both tried to ignore it.
We both knew that our eldest had figured out the big secret.But I’d be damned(指责) if he was going to ruin it for his six-year-old brother who had plenty of Santa-loving years ahead of him.I looked at my husband in the eye and said, “I’ll handle this.” to which he responded “Okay just be careful because I’m not sure he knows - he might just be acting like it.” But I knew.And I had it in my mind that he was about to break his younger brothers spirit and break the news to him.I was afraid he was going to take the Christmas spirit away from my sweet innocent youngest and stamp all over it.I had to protect him.I needed to control this now before it got out of control.I rushed into the play room where my oldest was playing alone.I looked him dead in the eyes and said: “Well you know Santa isn’t real, right?” And as I stared at my eight-year-old son for what seemed like a long time of silence, his eyes started to fill with tears. And a tear dropped down his cheek when he screamed out, “He’s not?”
“Um well it’s not that he’s not real (shut up you idiot- stop saying he’s not real), but he doesn’t really make and deliver all the toys.Dad and I get some of them for you.So he’s real.He’s just got a little help from us.”
The Evil Genius wasn’t buying it.He just sat there looking at me with an expression of doubt.
You know when you make a terrible mistake but you can’t stop yourself from making it worse? That was me because I just had to know.I had to know why he had seemed to be over Santa. So I asked him why he rolled his eyes and sighed every time his father and I mentioned Santa, to which he replied that kids at school had been saying Santa wasn't real but that he still thought he was.
What’s the best title for the passage?

A.Two different sons
B.Santa secret given away
C.Protecting one, ruining the other
D.Making a mistake worse

What did the writer conclude when “Evil Genius” rolled his eyes and sighed?

A.“Evil Genius” had discovered Santa was not real.
B.“Evil Genius” had broken the secret to his younger brother.
C.“Evil Genius” had passed his Santa-loving years.
D.“Evil Genius” had been influenced by his classmates.

What does the underlined sentence mean in the passage?

A.“Evil Genius” refused to buy toys.
B.“Evil Genius” didn’t believe his mother’s words.
C.“Evil Genius” wanted to keep silent.
D.“Evil Genius” would not give away the secret.

What lesson can we learn from the story?

A.Lies can never change facts.
B.Honesty is the best policy.
C.No one is perfect.
D.We should think twice before we act.

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