Isawadearfriendafewdaysagoands-优题课

Want a glance of the future of health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people about patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient —no matter where he or she may be.
Online doctors offering advice based on normal symptoms(症状) are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis(远程诊断) will be based on real physiological data(生理数据) from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using personal data assistance plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly practical to send a patient’s important signs over the telephone. With this kind of equipment, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.
Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural(countryside) care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as a tool for disaster need—especially after earthquakes. On the whole, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and experts’ opinions.
But there is one problem. Bandwidth(宽带) is the limiting factor for sending complex(复杂的) medical pictures around the world — CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users. Communication satellites may be able to deal with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes or wars. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of remote medical service.
Doctors have met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, experts’ opinions and diagnosis are common.
The writer chiefly talks about _______.

A．the use of telemedicine	B．the on-lined doctors
C．medical care and treatment	D．communication improvement

The basis of remote diagnosis will be _______.

A．personal data assistance

B．some words of a patient

C．real physiological information

D．medical pictures from the Internet

Which of the following statements is true according to the text？

A．Patients don’t need doctors in hospitals any more.

B．It is impossible to send a patient’s signs over the telephone.

C．Many teams use telemedicine dealing with disasters now.

D．Broadband communications will become cheaper in the future.

The “problem” in the fourth paragraph refers to the fact that _______.

A．bandwidth isn’t big enough to send complex medical pictures

B．the second-generation of Internet has not become popular yet

C．communication satellites can only deal with short-term needs

D．there is not enough equipment for spreading the medical care

With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). That’s a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noah’s Ark”.
Noah’s Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M’s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.
It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.
This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.
The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.
“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it’s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.
“They are trying to do something that’s never been done, and this is very similar to our work in Noah’s Ark. We’re both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and there’s a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. It’s a research that is very much needed.”
The aim of “Noah’s Ark” project is to _______.

A．make efforts to clone the endangered pandas

B．save endangered animals from dying out

C．collect DNA of endangered animals to study

D．transfer the nuclear of one animal to another

According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack of _______.

A．available panda eggs	B．host animals
C．qualified researchers	D．enough money

The best title for the passage may be _______.

A．China’s Success in Pandas Cloning

B．The First Cloned Panda in the World

C．Exploring the Possibility to Clone Pandas

D．China —the Native Place of Pandas Forever

From the passage we know that _______.

A．Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dog

B．scientists try to implant a panda’s egg into a rabbit

C．Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researches

D．about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century

Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners. Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the children. Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate, they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation(模仿) leads on to deliberate(有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
It is a problem we need to get our teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation; and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world. Thus the use, at seven months, of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaning-less sound simply because he also uses it at another time for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself. I doubt, however, whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
Before children start speaking _______.

A．they need equal amount of listening

B．they need different amounts of listening

C．they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obey spoken instructions

D．they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions

Children who start speaking late _______.

A．may have problems with their listening

B．probably do not hear enough language spoken around them

C．usually pay close attention to what they hear

D．often take a long time in learning to listen properly

A baby’s first noises are _______.

A．an expression of his moods and feelings

B．an early form of language

C．a sign that he means to tell you something

D．an imitation of the speech of adults

The problem of deciding at what point a baby’ imitations can be considered as speech _______.

A．is important because words have different meanings for different people

B．is not especially important because the changeover takes place gradually

C．is one that should be properly understood because the meaning of words changes with age

D．is one that should be completely ignored(忽略) because children’s use of words is of-ten meaningless

The speaker implies _______.

A．parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds

B．children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak

C．children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly

D．even after they have learnt to speak, children still enjoy imitating

“Sesame Street” has been called “the longest street in the world”. That is because the television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world. That program became one of American’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.
In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly. The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children, from every kind of economic(经济的), racial(种族的), and geographical group.
Although some educators object to certain elements in the program, parents praise it highly. Many teachers also consider it a great help, though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.
Tests have shown that children from all racial, geographical, and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching it. Those who watch it five times a week learn more than occasional(偶然的) viewers. In the US the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.
The programs all use songs, stories, jokes, and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers, letters and human relationships. But there are some differences. For example, the Spanish program, produced in Mexico City, devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.
Why has “Sesame Street” been so much more successful than other children’s shows? Many reasons have been suggested. People mention the educational theories(理论) of its creators, the support by the government and private(私人的) businesses, and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks. Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch it along with their children. This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on it. But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching feel able to learn. The child finds himself learning, and he wants to learn more.
“Sesame Street” is actually _______.

A．a street in the US	B．a program for children
C．a program for teachers	D．a program for students

Children who often watch the program _______.

A．can have problems in school

B．will find it a great help

C．will take no interest in their studies

D．will be well educated

What is special about the program?

A．It offers great fun.

B．It makes children feel able to learn.

C．It is shown at different hours during the week.

D．Children learn and enjoy themselves while watching.

Why is “Sesame Street” so popular in the world?

A．Because it is supported by the government and businesses.

B．Because it uses a variety of skillful tricks.

C．Because mothers watch it along with their children.

D．Because it makes every child watching it feel able to learn.

The best title for this passage can be _______.

A．TV Programs	B．Educating Children
C．Sesame Street	D．A Great Success

Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”
After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”
This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.
Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.
Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.
Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目标) for your disagreement.
Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is _______.

A．to let them see the world around

B．to share the children’s curiosity

C．to explain difficult phrases about science

D．to supply the children with lab equipment

In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by ______.

A．any questions	B．any problems
C．questions from textbooks	D．any number of questions

According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults ________.

A．ask them to answer quickly

B．wait for one or two seconds after a question

C．tell them to answer the next day

D．wait at least for three seconds after a question

In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?

A．The second and third.	B．The fourth and fifth.
C．The fifth and sixth.	D．The seventh.

The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________.

A．tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵) facts

B．offer their children chances to see things for themselves

C．be patient enough when their children answer questions

D．encourage their children to ask questions of their own