Food waste is a world's problem． Every year， about 1.3billion tons， or one﹣third of all the food produced is thrown away， according to a survey． Using just 25percent of that wasted food could feed 870million hungry people， which would end world hunger． The people of France wasted 234pounds（磅：重量单位） of food per person， which is much better than some other countries． In the past， France wasn't good at controlling food waste， but now the country takes the lead．
A law was made by French government． It made France the first country in the world to prevent supermarkets from throwing away unused food． Now supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food， or they will face a fine． There are other rules requiring schools to teach students about food sustainability （可持续性）． They also ask companies to report the food waste numbers in their environmental reports． And restaurants should provide take﹣out bags．
"These laws make it a standard to reduce waste．" says Marie Mourad， a student in Paris who has written several reports on French food waste． "France is not the country that wastes the least food， but Frenchmen have become the most active because they want to be the example in Europe．"
"Preventing supermarkets from throwing away food means a lot，" says Jonathan Bloom， a famous writer． "This step has influenced parts of French food industry．"
It is everyone's duty to fight against food waste． Everyone should pay attention and take action．
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的表格，每空一词．
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Food waste is a problem around the world．Every year，if people used just a （1） of that wasted food，the world hunger would end． In the past，France didn't do well in controlling food waste， but now the country has taken the lead． |
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French（2） action |
A law was made to reduce food waste． |
•Supermarkets of a certain size must donate unused food，or they will be （3） ． •Schools should teach students about food sustainability． •Companies are required to report the food waste numbers． •Restaurants should offer take﹣out bags to customers． |
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People's voices |
Marie， a student |
•The law against food waste works． Other European countries can learn from France． |
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Jonathan a writer |
•It's（4） to prevent supermarkets from throwing away food．French food industry has been influenced as well． |
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The writer's opinions |
Everyone's effort （5） ﹣everyone should take an active part in fighting against food waste． |
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Most of us have made an exercise plan， but only a few can follow it． WebMD（an American website） has listed the following tips for making exercise a habit in your life．
1． Do activities you enjoy．
Remember， there's no rule that says you have to go to a sports centre or buy equipment like swimming suits． Many types of activities， such as push﹣up（俯卧撑）， can be done whenever it is rainy or snowy．
2． Exercise after work．
Don't go home first． Few people are so motivated（有动力的） that they will go out again and exercise after they go home and change clothes．
3． Exercise even when you are tired．
Tiredness is not an excuse． While exercising， you breathe deeply and your body makes better use of the oxygen exchange． Then， you will feel energetic．
4． Notice that you are better than before．
It's great when your clothes fit better， you can lift heavier things or take exercise longer． There's something good too， like getting a good night's sleep or thinking more clearly．
5． Walk with a pedometer（计步器）
Not everyone can start out with 10，000steps a day． Use a pedometer， and find out your daily steps． And then， try your best to walk 300extra steps each day． Finally， you can reach 10，000steps a day．
阅读以上信息，用恰当的单词完成下面的短文，每空一词．
According to WebMD， there are some easy ways to make exercise a habit． First， when you do activities you enjoy， such as push﹣up， you don't have to consider （1） conditions． Second， the best way is to exercise before going home because most people are unwilling to go out again and exercise after（2） clothes at home． Third， keep on exercising even though you feel tired． That's because taking a （3） breath will help your body make better use of oxygen exchange． Moreover， pay attention to your （4） in exercising， like losing some weight， exercising longer， etc． Finally， walk with a pedometer and find out your daily steps． Then， （5） the number of steps day by day． Your goal of 10，000steps a day can be achieved．
With the development of modern technology， digital devices（数码设备） have been seen everywhere． People often check what is （1）h in the world on the Internet， keep in touch with friends through emails， or even start to read e﹣books． （2）H ， many people still prefer paper books to e﹣books because they think that brains work （3）b when reading paper books．
Now， some scientists have come up with some （4）d ideas． They believe how brains work is not greatly affected by the way people read， but depends on the following factors（因素）． They （5）i the type and content of reading materials， the （6）p of reading． etc． When people read for entertainment， like news about star families or （7）f stories， reading paper books or e﹣books makes no difference． When people read to gain （8）k about science， reading paper books is more helpful． Brains need longer to deal with harder problems． Usually， taking notes by （9）h on paper books takes longer than typing（打字） notes out on digital devices． So it's （10）e for you to remember key points when you read paper books． Next time， when you read e﹣books about science， just remember to slow down and give your brain more time．
After crossing the river， Dorothy and her friends came to a poppy flower field， with many other colourful flowers next to it．
"How b（1） !" Dorothy said．
"When I have brains， I will probably like them better，" the Scarecrow said．
"If I had a heart， I would love them．" added the Tin Woodman．
"I always liked flowers．" the Lion said．"But there are n（2） in the forest so bright as these．"
Soon they found t（3） in the middle of poppies． It is known that when there are many of these flowers together， their strong smell will make anyone breathing it fall asleep， even sleep forever． But Dorothy didn't k（4） this． Soon Dorothy's eyes grew so h（5） that she felt she had to sleep． Dorothy fell among the poppies， fast asleep．
"The smell is k（6） us all． If we leave her here， she will die，" said the Lion． "I can h （7） keep my eyes open， and the dog Toto is asleep already．"
"Run fast and get out of here，" said the Scarecrow to the Lion， "We can carry the little girl， but you are too heavy．"
The Lion ran as fast as possible but he fell asleep b（8） he was out of the field． Luckily， the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman were not troubled by the smell． They made a chair with their hands and carried Dorothy t（9） the flowers to the grass far enough from the poppy field． The Tin Woodman built a truck and pulled the Lion with the Scarecrow． The sweet fresh air w（10） Dorothy， Toto and the Lion． Soon they continued their journey．
Beyond its influence on health， not getting enough sleep can lead to car accidents or other mistakes． Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep．
How much sleep do we actually need？
It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night． When we sleep below six hours per 24， we're at an increased risk of health problems． Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends． Sadly，there is no storage system for sleep in the brain．
Can we train ourselves to need less sleep？
As a study in 1964， a 17﹣year﹣old boy named Randy Gardner stayed awake for 264 hours． How many people could do anything close to that without dying？
When you are reading this， you might say you usually get six hours of sleep and feel just fine． Sleep experts often compare people without enough sleep to drunk drivers： They don't get behind the wheel thinking they're probably going to kill someone．
Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping？
Coffee can keep us awake． Remember， too much coffee may throw off our sleep and energy cycles． So limit coffee and avoid caffeine for four to six hours before bedtime．
Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality？
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep． People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health， which in turn explains their higher﹣quality sleep． Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above．
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How to sleep |
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Introduction |
Not getting enough sleep can influence our health and（1） many mistakes． |
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Findings from（2） researchers |
How much sleep do we actually need？ |
●Eight hours of sleep a night is （3） for all of us． ●Sleeping less than six hours a day can（4 the risk of health problems． ●It is （5） to make up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek． |
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Can we train ourselves to need less sleep？ |
●People without enough sleep would insist that they were （6） ， but weren't doing well at all． |
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Can we drink coffee instead of sleeping？ |
●Using coffee instead of sleeping might lead to sleep（7） ． ●Drink proper amount of coffee at proper（8） time ． |
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Does a sense of purpose connect to sleep quality？ |
●A sense of purpose in life is closely（9） with sleep quality． ●People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep （10） ． |
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