Many objects in the universe are invisible ，but they send radio waves．The radio telescope *thus appeared，and it is considered one of the greatest inventions in the twentieth century．Reber built the world's first radio telescope in 1937．Ryle and Hewish developed radio telescope systems for the location of weak radio sources，and they shared the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974．
A radio telescope is usually made up of：
•One or more antennas to collect the radio waves．Most antennas are made in the shape of a dish to collect and reflect *the radio waves to the sub﹣reflector，in the same way as a curved mirror focuses visible light to one point．
•A receiver and amplifier to receive the radio waves from the sub﹣reflector，and make these weak radio waves strong enough to be recorded and turned into electronic signals *．To make an amplifier sensitive enough，it is usually cooled to very low temperatures（e．g．as low as ﹣270℃）．
•A recorder to keep a record of the electronic signals．Most radio telescopes today keep the signals to the computer's memory disk for astronomers to analyze later．
Radio wavelengths are much longer than those of visible light．and the radio waves from deep space are always weak．To catch these waves，radio telescopes usually have huge antennas．The sizes of most antennas in use today are around 50 to 300 metres in diameter． The antenna of FAST in Guizhou，China，the latest and largest radio telescope in the world，is 500 metres in diameter，as large as the size of 30 football fields．
To avoid interferences， and keep the telescopes sensitive，radio telescopes are built in places where there are no human radio waves or electronic signals．For example，FAST is 5 kilometres away from the closest village and 25 kilometres away from the nearest town．
Radio telescopes create pictures of the sky，not in visible light， but in radio waves．This is extremely useful，because there are objects that can't be seen，objects that we wouldn't even know were there without radio telescopes．
（1）Radio telescopes help collect from the universe．
A．light
B．objects
C．radio waves
D．visible signals
（2）Most antennas of radio telescopes are made in the shape of a dish to ．
A．make the antennas strong enough
B．increase the number of radio waves
C．turn radio waves into electronic signals
D．focus radio waves on the sub﹣reflector
（3）The underlined word "interferences" in the passage refers to ．
A．the noises made by villagers and animals
B．the sounds from the radios and televisions
C．the people who go to Guizhou to watch FAST work
D．the radio waves and electronic signals from humans
（4）What have we done with the help of radio telescopes？
A．We have received pictures of deep space．
B．We have discovered unknown lives in the universe．
C．We have found some unknown objects in the universe．
D．We have turned the radio waves from space into light．
Where do you think people will live in the future? Can you predict people will work and live in the sea? But how will people go to work then? By submarine!
Some scientists believe that some day submarines will be as many as today’s cars. A famous French driver says, “ One day, man will work on the ocean floor as they do on the street!”
If people want to live in the sea, they have to solve a lot of problems first. Some of these problems, similar to those of living on the moon, are lack of oxygen (缺氧) and weightlessness (失重). Many questions are hard to answer. For example, what will happen to our bodies if we live in the sea for a very long time? Scientists are looking for answers.
Maybe in 50 years man will be able to live in the sea, away from the crowded and noisy cities on land. Man will find it fun and interesting to live in the sea. And life in the sea is more comfortable. Don’t you think so? Maybe people in the future will __________ to work on the ocean floor.
| A．drive a car | B．take a bus |
| C．take a submarine | D．swim |
People have to _________ first before living in the sea.
| A．build houses | B．learn to swim |
| C．learn to drive the submarine | D．solve some problems |
What problem will people have if they live in the sea?
| A．They will have difficulty in breathing. |
| B．They will become quite short. |
| C．They will feel cold. |
| D．They will feel tired. |
The writer thinks living in the sea is _________ than living on land.
| A．more comfortable | B．less comfortable |
| C．easier | D．more crowded |
Which is NOT true according to the passage?
| A．There are also some problems for people to solve if they want to live on the moon. |
| B．The sea is noisy and crowded for man to live in. |
| C．Some of the problems are very hard to solve. |
| D．Some scientists believe submarines will be popular in the future. |
What will you do if you're not sleepy? 5hould you still go to bed if you are just going to Iie there with your eyes wide open?
It's a1ways a problem that some people find it hard to go to sleep.
You might be excited by everything you did that day. You might be excited for what you know you're going to do the next day. Maybe you can't sleep because you don’t like sleeping all alone in your room. Maybe you have a nightmare that keeps coming-back every time you close your eyes.
All of these feelings are normal.
One thing that can help is talking to a parent about what you're thinking about. If you're nervous about something; it can be really helpful to tell somebody. Knowing that somebody has heard you can help your thoughts rest so that you can rest, too. If anything in your room makes you feel uncomfortable at night ，like a strange picture or a broken window, be sure to ask one of your parents if it can be moved or fixed.
Another idea could be getting ready for bed earlier than usual. You can relax by taking a warm bath, or listening to a bedtime routine at least 30 minutes before you go to sleep.
1t is also good to keep your bedtime routine (惯例) and time the same every night. By keeping it the same, your body will get the message that it's almost time to sleep.
It's important not to give up just because one solution didn't work and you're still awake. Just trying to find out what's wrong may be enough to make you so tired that you wake up the next morning without knowing how you fell asIeep.
So even if you run out of ideas, you might still have a restful and good night.1s it a problem that some people find it hard to go to sleep?
What can be helpful if you are nervous about something?
How can you relax before you go to sleep?
Why is it good to keep the bedtime routine and time the same every night?
What is the passage mainly about?
Garry Golden is a futurist. Futurists are scientists who analyze the way the world is today and use that information.to predict what the world will be like in the future. Golden focuses on the study of transportation. He spends his days studying the relationships between cars, subways, and trains. But he's most excited about imagining the way these relationships will change in the future.
Many public transportation supporters dislike big cities because they spend hours driving from one side of the city to the other. And there aren't enough buses and. subways.
However, Golden sees a trend (趋势) toward fewer cars' in the future. He explains, "Cities have a cost of car ownership, which is a challenge. All these vehicles cost the city in services, in having to repair roads and other things. "Cars also take up a lot of space.
Golden points out that having so many parking spaces is wasteful. Much of the time the parking spaces
sit empty. What is the solution?"I think cities will make new laws to limit the number of cars people can have ，" says Golden. "Instead, people will use taxis, subways, and buses. New technology, like smartphones, can make these forms of public transportation even better. Imagine if everyone had a smartphone and used them to signal(发信号) when they wanted to ride the bus. Buses could change their route(路线) to meet people's requests."
How soon would these changes come? Golden admits that it will take several years. Cities can be slow to change. Also, new systems of transportation can be expensive. "But it's coming," he says. "The trend of the empowered city will be here soon. "
The other trend that excites Golden is electric cars. Golden especially believes in the future of electric cars that have sensors(传感器) to understand the world around them. "If we have cars that can communicate with one another, they can adjust speeds to cut down on traffic jams,"he says. Rush hour in big cities would be much less painful.
One challenge is that it is hard to cheaply produce batteries that are strong enough for these cars. But Golden argues we could, also make cars out of strong plastic composites(合成物). The cars would then be much lighter and much cheaper to make.
Golden remains positive about the future. "There are so many exciting developments ，"he says. "In thirty years we will live a different world. "What does Garry Golden mainly study?
| A．The changes of future transportation |
| B．What cars will be like in the future. |
| C．How the world .is different from today |
| D．The relationships between cars and people. |
Why does Golden see a trend toward fewer cars in the future?
| A．-Because cities-take up a lot of space. |
| B．Because cars cost too much of the city |
| C．Because people prefer to take the subway |
| D．Because roads are sometimes too crowded. |
Which of the following statements is true according to Golden?
| A．New buses will take the place of cars as a way of transportation. |
| B． Electric cars with sensors will be able to put an end to traffic jams. |
| C．Future cars could be lighter because of strong and powerful batteries. |
| D． Future buses can receive signals and change their routes accordingly: |
What is Golden's attitude to the future of transportation?
| A．Uncertain. | B． Worried. |
| C． Hopeful. | D． Careful. |
Are there Harry Porter books in your schooI library? Many kids all over the world are reading J. K. Rowling's books in school. But some parents think their children shouldn't be able to find those and other books in schooI libraries.
Should schooI Iibraries keep books that some parents don't approve of? Should they take those books off the shelves?
All over the country, schools are trying to find solutions to this problem. Read these arguments. Then decide for yourself.
Yes! Some Books Sould Be Banned (禁止) from School Libraries!
"We need certain limits (限定)，"said one student. He said some books have no place in school Iibraries.
Books should meet certain standards before they are put in schooIs. Is this a good book for kids to read? Is it fuII of violence (暴力)? Does it include bad words or ideas kids shouId not learn about? If a book is not good for all kids, it should not be in a schooI Iibrary.
Most parents know what's good for kids. They have a right to decide which books should or should not be in schooI Iibraries. If parents don't have time to find out everything their kids read, they should trust schooIs to do that for them.
No! Books Should Not Be Banned from School Libraries!
"Parents should decide what their own kids read, "said Natalie Nicol, a student. "But other parents shouldn't make that choice for them. "
Many experts say that it's the parents' job, not the schooI's job, to check out what their kids are reading. If they don't Iike a book, they should not let their kids read it.
Why should a few parents stop kids from reading stories like the Harry Potter series? Kids should be able to check out books their parents think are OK to read it.
Many schooIs Iet kids borrow certain books if they have a signed paper from a parent. That works fine. A parent doesn't sign the paper if he or she doesn't want the child to read the book. Other kids can read the books if they have permission.
Some books are not OK for all kids to read. But if more adults were careful about what their own kids read, they wouldn't have to ban books from the library.What does the underlined phrase “approve of" mean?
| A．borrow | B． accept | C． know | D． keep |
According to some parents, what should schooIs do before books are put in schooIs?
| A．Set certain standards. |
| B． Learn about the writers |
| C． Do a survey on books. |
| D．Take out the bad words. |
What is the passage mainly about?
| A．Whether students should read certain books or not. |
| B．Whether some limits should be set on books or not. |
| C．Whether some books should be in schooI libraries or not. |
| D．Whether parents should choose good books for kids or not. |
Shelby sat at her desk and watched as her cIassmates came into the room. She was always the first one in c1ass. Shelby kept on top of everything going on at Hayword Elementary SchooJ.
But this morning, Shelby saw a new face. A girl walked into the room wearing an old jacket that was two sizes big and a worn-out winter hat with holes in it. SheIby raised an eyebrow as she tried to work out the girl's story.
"Who's that?" Nicole asked.
"New girl,” Shelby said. "Total tomboy (假小子). I bet she bought her jacket in the boys' department. "
Mr. Ryan Ied the girl to the front of the c1assroom. "Quiet down, everyone. This is Amber Dresky. She's new, and I want you all to make her feel welcome." Amber stared at her feet instead of Iooking at the c1ass.
"Amber's family has traveled a lot, so I'm sure she has many exciting stories to share," Mr Ryan continued.
Amber shifted uncomfortably. "Maybe you- can tell us once we know each other better," Mr. Ryari said. "You can take your seat now. "
Shelby watched Amber walk back to her seat.
"Shelby ，"Mr. Ryan said, "since you are the eyes and ears of Hayword, I thought you could show Amber around. Why don't you sit by Amber today?"
Shelby grabbed her books and moved to the back of the room. She stared at Amber's jacket.
Amber foIIowed Shelby's stare. "It's my older brother's jacket. He's overseas in the army. I miss him. "
SheIby's stomach sank. Amber wasn't a tomboy. She just missed her brother.
"That must be hard," SheIby said.
Amber nodded
"Maybe we could sit together at Iunch. You could tell me about your brother and the places you've been to. " Reallγ?”
"Yeah, " Shelby smiled. "Welcome to Hayword. "Who was always the first one in class?
| A． SheIby. | B．Nicole. | C．Mr. Ryan. | D． Amber Dresky. |
Why did Amber wear the big oId jacket?
| A．Because she couldn't afford to buy a new one. |
| B．Because she missed her brother in the army. |
| C．Because she Iiked to behave like a tomboy |
| D．Because she had traveled to many places. |
What is the best title of .the passage?
| A．An Unusual Morning | B．A Good Beginning |
| C．Her Best Friend | D． The New Girl |