Scientists around the world are racing to create and test vaccines （疫苗） to help protect people against the novel coronavirus （新冠病毒）． They are making progress， but it will be quite a while before any vaccines are ready．
There are many different ways to make vaccines． At least 115 different vaccines for the novel coronavirus are being developed around the world right now． Many of them may not work or may have side effects that can be dangerous． That is why testing is very important．
Before a vaccine is ever tested on humans， it's first tested on animals to make sure it seems safe． Testing the vaccine on humans is done in several different phases （阶段）． In Phase 1， a small group of people are given small amounts of the vaccine to see if it has any bad effects． Phase 2 still tests the vaccine's safety， but it's mainly a test to see if the vaccine seems to work． If Phase 2 goes well， the vaccine can begin Phase 3．During Phase 3，the vaccine is tried on a much larger group of people to see how well it works．
Because of the serious and worldwide impact （影响） of the novel coronavirus， there is huge pressure to develop a working vaccine quickly．It normally takes seven or more years to develop a safe vaccine that works well． Now drug companies are hoping to create working vaccines in 12 or 18 months．
But health experts also warn that rushing too much could be dangerous． A vaccine with harmful effects could cause more problems than it solves．
（1）According to the passage， the scientists who are making vaccines are ．
A． hard﹣working and careful
B． patient and easy﹣going
C． kind and curious
D． caring and brave
（2）How long does it take to create working vaccines in the usual way？
A． Less than six years．
B． More than ten years．
C． Twelve to eighteen months．
D． About seven years．
（3）Which of the following is TRUE？
A． There are only three phases in testing vaccines．
B． Working vaccines must be created in a short time．
C． Vaccines have already been developed．
D． Rushing too quickly in creating vaccines may bring more problems．
（4）What's the best title of the passage？
A． Rush for a Vaccine
B． Fight against the Disease
C． Protect People against the Virus
D． Create Working Vaccines
In England recently three foreign gentlemen came to a bus stop and waited. About five minutes later, the bus they wanted came along. They were just going to get on when suddenly there was a loud noise behind them. People rushed onto the bus and tried to push them out of the way. Someone shouted at them. The bus conductor came rushing down the stairs to see what all the trouble was about. The three foreigners seem all at sea and looked embarrassed (窘迫的). No one had told them about the British custom (习惯)of lining up for a bus that the first person who arrives at the bus stop is the first person to get on the bus .
Learning the language of a country isn't enough. If you want to have a pleasant visit, find out as much as possible about the manners and customs of your host country. You will probably be surprised just how different they can be from your own. A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there consider it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table. The left hand is supposed to be used for washing yourself. Also in India, you might see a man shaking his head at another to show that he doesn't agree. But in many parts of India a shake of the head means agreement. Nodding your head when you are given a drink in Bulgaria will most probably leave you thirsty. In that country, you shake your head to mean 'yes'— a nod means ‘no’. At a meal in countries on the Arabic Peninsula, you will find that your glass is repeated refilled as soon as you drink up. If you think that you have had enough, you should take the cup or glasses in your hand and give it a little shake from side to side or place your hand over the top.
In Europe it’s quite usual to cross your legs when you are sitting talking to someone even at an important meeting. Doing this in Thailand, however, could bring about trouble. Also, you should try to avoid (避免)touching the head of an adult ——it's just not done in Thailand . The British people tried to push the three gentlemen out of the way, because the gentlemen _________.
| A．were foreigners | B．didn't have tickets |
| C．made a loud noise | D．didn't line up for the bus |
Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．If you want to have a pleasant journey in a foreign country, you only need to learn the language of the country. |
| B．In India it is considered polite to touch an adult’s head. |
| C．To cross one's legs at an important meeting in Europe is a common habit. |
| D．In Bulgaria, if you don’t want to drink, you should cover the cup with your hand. |
The best title for this article is ________.
| A．People's Everyday Life | B．Mind Your Manners |
| C．Habit is quite important | D．Language and customs |
Steve Jobs, co-founder and former CEO of US technology giant Apple, has died at the age of 56. Mr Jobs had announced he was suffering from cancer in 2004. Apple said he had been "the source of countless innovations（创新）that enrich and improve all of our lives" and had made the world "immeasurably（无法衡量的）better".
Tributes(赞美之辞) have been made by technology company bosses and world leaders, with US President Barack Obama saying the world had "lost a visionary（有远见卓识的人）". "Steve was among the greatest of American innovators —— brave enough to think differently, bold enough to believe he could change the world, and talented enough to do it," said Mr Obama.
A statement from Mr Jobs's family said they were with him when he died peacefully on Wednesday. "In his public life, Steve was known as a visionary; in his private life, he loved his family deeply," they said, requesting privacy and thanking those who had "shared their wishes and prayers" during his final year.
Apple said the company had "lost a visionary and creative genius(天才) and the world have lost an amazing human being". Tim Cook, who was made Apple's CEO after Mr Jobs stood down in August, said his predecessor had left behind "a company that only he could have built, and his spirit will forever be the foundation of Apple". Flags are being flown at half mast outside the Apple headquarters（总部） in Cupertino, California, while fans of the company have left tributes outside Apple shops around the world.
The heads of other leading technology companies have also paid tribute, including Microsoft boss Bill Gates, who said "For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, it's been a great honour. I will miss Steve very much."
Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg thanks Mr Jobs for "showing that what you build can change the world" while Sony Corp president and CEO Howard Stringer said: "The digital age has lost its leading light." South Korea's Samsung, which is involved in a case with Apple over patents(专利), admired Mr Jobs for his "Completely new and different changes to the IT industry".Hearing of Steve Jobs’ death, the heads of other leading technology companies have paid tribute and __________.
| A．shared the treasure with his family | B．suffered from the sad news |
| C．been involved in a case with Apple | D．spoken highly of him |
Obama made a speech at Steve Jobs’ death because _________________.
A. they had been friends for years
B. they had set up an excellent company
C Jobs had played an important role in the development of the IT industry
D. Jobs had changed Obama’s political(政治的) life Who became Apple's CEO after Mr Jobs?
| A．Tim Cook | B．Howard Stringer | C．Mark Zuckerberg | D．Barack Obama |
Think stars don’t move? Think again! When you look at the sky at night, the stars may appear to stay in the same place. But stars are always on the move—they are just so far away that the movement is hard to see.
But some stars move in ways that appear to be strange to be real. In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found one of these space oddities(奇特). It was located on the outer edge of the Milky Way, the galaxy(星系) we live in. The star was speeding away like nothing he’d ever seen. “It seemed unbelievable. No star in the galaxy has a speed like that,” Brown remembers. “I thought, oh my goodness, I have something kind of special here.”
No one had ever seen a star like this one. What does a scientist do when the results don’t make sense?
Brown didn’t give up. Instead, he kept looking. And he kept finding more of these strange and speedy stars, called hypervelocity stars. Hyper means “above” and velocity has to do with speed. He and his team just found six more of these “above speed” stars, bringing to the total of 16. And, he says, he’s found even more, and is just waiting for the scientific community to confirm them.In 2005, astronomer Warren Brown found___________.
| A．a star was speeding away very fast. |
| B．a stars was moving away very slowly. |
| C．some stars were not real. |
| D．some stars were not in the Milky Way. |
Which of the following is TRUE?
| A．Stars never move at all. |
| B．No star in the galaxy has a fast speed. |
| C．It’s hard to see the stars moving. |
| D．Brown has never seen something special. |
The underlined word “hypervelocity” in the last paragraph probably means”_____”.
| A．匀速的 | B．超速的 | C．超重的 | D．超常的 |
The writer writes this passage to tell us____________.
| A．something about an astronomer. |
| B．where the Milky Way is |
| C．something about the speedy stars. |
| D．how scientists do their research |
What do you eat every evening? Do you eat meat? Do you eat vegetables? Do you eat fruit or dessert after dinner? We asked online 55 students of Class 1, Grade 7 in Sunshine School. Here is the result.
How many girls are there in Class 1, Grade 7?
| A．Twenty. | B．Thirty-five. | C．Thirty. | D．Twenty-five. |
In the class, 10 students don’t eat for dinner.
| A．meat | B．vegetables | C．fruit | D．dessert |
How did the writer get the result?
| A．He went to Sunshine School to ask some students. |
| B．He got it from the newspaper. |
| C．He asked some students on the Internet. |
| D．Somebody else told him about it. |
In the past twenty years, riding bicycles has become more and more popular among people of all ages. (83) Bicycles have long played an important part in the lives of American young people. But today an even greater number of adults cycle along roadsides and bicycle paths. These new riders are often trying to become fit or lose weight. They have found that bicycling is a pleasant way to stay healthy.
This is certainly good for health. But it has also brought some problems. With all these added people on the road, bicycle safety has become a matter of real importance.
Bicycle safety is mostly a matter of common sense. People should ride only on bicycle paths where they will not be badly hurt. There are also a number of rules that riders should follow, especially when riding on streets or highways. Bicyclists should never ride against the traffic, nor should they carry other people on their bicycles. They are also supposed to ride in single line on busy streets and to walk bicycles across the busy intersections (交叉路口) . (84)By following these rules, bicycle riders will not only stay healthy but also be safe.
In one recent year, the National Safety Council reported that 34 thousand bicycle riders were hurt in highway accidents. In that same year, another six hundred riders were killed. Since the introduction of crash helmets (头盔) in 1980, the number of injuries (伤者) and deaths from bicycling accidents had gone down. Today, more and more riders realize the dangers of bicycling. They are wearing helmets and paying closer attention to cycling rules.
根据短文内容回答下列问题。How many rules should the riders follow? Give one example.
According to the National Safety Council’s report, what’s the total number of injuries and deaths in one recent year?
B. 将短文中划线部分译成汉语。
C. 请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。