Parents of very young children know this：You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie﹣﹣the evidence of candy written on his or her face．However，you get a wide﹣eyed denial："I didn't do it!"
Learning to tell the truth，even at the risk of punishment，is an important part of moral （道德） development，and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there．
Early 2017 Professor Craig E．Smith published a study．He and his workmates chose 48children between four and nine years of age．They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong，such as taking a classmate's toy or candy，and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing （承认） it．In each case，they asked the children，How would the child feel？How would the mother feel？
The children's answers were generally divided according to age，which is in agreement with the stolen candy，lying and getting unpunished．They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed．However，the seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds were more likely （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的） feelings towards a confessor．
Smith says，"Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie．Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action．"He adds，what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses．
42．What does the underlined word"denial"in Paragraph 1mean？
A．委屈 B．责备 C．否认 D．拒绝
43．Paragraph 2 mainly tell us ．
A．kids can't tell"right"from"wrong"
B．it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth
C．it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth
D．all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act
44．What did Smith and his workmates find in their study？
A．Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act．
B．Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act．
C．The four﹣to﹣five﹣year﹣olds would feel better confessing the crime
D．The seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions．
45．According to Professor Smith，what can parents learn from these studies？
A．Parents should at once punish the children who lied．
B．Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying．
C．Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions．
D．Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions．
Teenagers are known for being creative and full of new ideas． Let's have a look at these teenage inventions that might change the world．
（1）What is the passage mainly about ？
A．Popular ads．
B． Useful machines．
C． Strange pictures．
D． Teenage inventions．
（2）The earthworm robot by David Cohen can ．
A． make things stay fresh
B． help people wash clothes
C． go into the smallest places
D． take care of the old people
（3）Which of the following in TRUE ？
A． Plates and cups are made of fresh banana leaves．
B． Remya's washing machine can also keep people fit．
C． David Cohen is a middle school student from India．
D． Kenneth's wearable sensors will keep old people at home．
D
Every 14 days， another language dies． There are many reasons for this． Some people think more common languages have more economic（经济的） power． Because of this， young people choose to learn a common language as they think it is more useful． Another reason is that some languages aren't written down． Guujaaw is a leader of the Haida Nation， whose people have lived on the Queen Charlotte Islands， Canada， for more than 10，000 years． Their language is endangered． Traditionally， it wasn't written down， and， as a result， some people are worried that it will die one day． Guujaaw replies to this，" We talk to each other，listen， visit， and believe in the spoken word． Expressing yourself without writing is natural．" However， if Guujaaw's language and others like it are going to stay alive， writing may have to become part of their lives．
When a language dies， a lot of knowledge dies with it． To begin with， language is a huge part of the culture of the people who speak it． Language allows speakers to say certain things： words that describe a cultural idea may not translate exactly into another language． Furthermore， many endangered languages have rich spoken cultures． Stories， songs and histories are passed on from older people to younger generations （一代）． Elizabeth Lindsey， a language researcher， emphasizes（强调）this．" When an elder dies， a library is burned，" she says．
Also， language death affects our knowledge about nature． Local people often have a deep understanding of plants， animals， and the relationship between them． David Harrison， a researcher on endangered languages， reflects，"80% of plant and animal species（物种） have been undiscovered by science． But that doesn't mean they're unknown to humans．"
Many languages are endangered． However， it's not too late． Children often grow up speaking two languages．"No one…becomes richer by giving up…one language to learn another， "Harrison said． If children feel both languages are important， they will use both．
So， it is necessary that children realize how useful their local language is．
（1）How many reasons are mentioned for endangered languages in Paragraph 1？
A．2．
B．3．
C．4．
D．5．
（2）In Paragraph 2， the writer mainly tells us ．
A． how cultures are passed on
B． how cultures are discovered
C． why languages are written down
D． why languages are important to cultures
（3）The underlined word" affects" in the passage means" "．
A． waits for
B． depends on
C． is different from
D． has an influence on
（4）Which of the following is the writer's opinion ．
A． People need to use common languages more often．
B． The spoken word is more important than the written word．
C． Children are the hope to stop the local language from dying．
D． Many animals and plants are in danger because of dying languages．
C
When our son Bradley was ten， the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was stolen． Owning a bicycle was a big deal to our children when they were little． They spent hours and hours， day after day， on their bicycles， riding up and down the footpath， and at the front of the house． We also rode together as a family a lot． Bicycling was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air without spending any money．
Bradley had discovered that his bicycle had been stolen from our backyard in Campbelltown， South Australia， when he and his sister went outside for a morning ride． He couldn't believe that someone would do this．
He got a large piece of cardboard， painted a sign begging for the bicycle to be returned， and tied the sign to the letterbox． The following morning， when I went out to collect the mail， I found a white envelope with the magical words， " Buy yourself a new bicycle"． There was a ＄100 banknote inside．
We were very touched that someone had the heart to do this． We've never been able to thank the person but we suspect（猜想）that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbours． Bradley painted a big" !" on the sign and we left it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards， hoping the kind stranger would drive down our street．
A delighted Bradley was able to buy a new bicycle． As the years went on， the bicycles became bigger and more expensive but remained just as important for those family bicycle rides． Now Bradley is 25． Sometimes I miss the days when receiving a bicycle was the best thing in the world to them．
All these years later we are still thankful for the stranger's kindness． We were a young family with three little children and it meant a lot to us． We still talk about it and， even now， wonder who the kind stranger was．
（1）According to the passage， Bradley often when he was a child．
A． rode a bike
B． made signs
C． took a walk
D． collected mails
（2）Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank in Paragraph 4？
A． Come back
B． Thank you
C． A new bicycle
D． A good boy
（3）From the action of the stranger， we can learn that ．
A． love builds a warm family
B． a special memory lasts long
C． happiness makes a better life
D． a kindness helps others a lot
（4）The best title for the passage can be ．
A． A rich stranger
B． A thankful mother
C． a bicycle for Bradley
D． a banknote for the family
B
Right now you probably spend most of your time in school． Do you wonder what you are going to do after high school？ Will you continue to go to school？ Will you learn a trade？ Perhaps it is time to think about your choices and to prepare for them． Some day work will be a big part of your life．
What kind of job would be right for you？ Think about your interests and your skills． You may like to listen to music， dance， play basketball， or work with computers． You may know how to drive a car or how to get along with people． Knowing both your interests and skills will help make a better plan for your career（职业）．
To get an idea of what work you would like to do， make a list of your interests and a list of your skills． Think about what you have done to be successful in your interests． After that， brainstorm a list of career choices that might match your interests and skills． You can later keep your lists with the projects and documents that can help you achieve the career you want． They can help you know more clearly about your achievements in school and in the world of work．
Roberta Zhan， an art designer， finds her work satisfying because it allows her to use her interests and skills． She enjoyed imagining something in her mind's eye while she was in school． She took art， design， and computer lessons， and also learned about taking photos on her own．
Here is what she says about the meaning of work： "If you have a job you like， work means much more than just making money． It means using your talents， making a contribution（贡献）， and getting a real sense of satisfaction from doing a job．"
（1）The passage is most probably written to ．
A． students
B． teachers
C． parents
D． designers
（2）At the beginning， the writer introduces the topic of the passage by ．
A． listing facts
B． giving examples
C． asking questions
D． explaining differences
（3）Roberta Zhan might be most interested in when she was at school．
A． singing songs
B． creating pictures
C． playing basketball
D． playing computer games
（4）The passage is mainly about ．
A． the real meaning of work
B． the importance of interests and skills
C． the journey of Roberta's life
D． the way of preparing for the future career
A
Eating your way around the world
Australia： Try a pie floater？
Feeling hungry？ No visit to South Australia is complete without trying the local food﹣a pie floater． They are traditionally sold at roadside food shops， some of which stay open all night． It is a meat pie floating in a thick green pea soup． Finally， the pie is covered with plenty of bright red tomato ketchup（番茄酱）． Enjoy!
Vietnam ：Soup for breakfast
The food stands in the streets of Ho Chi Minh City， Vietnam， open early in the morning and stay busy till late at night， selling fast food to hungry passers﹣by． The most famous dish is pho， a noodle soup with slices of beef or chicken and different vegetables． It's usually eaten for breakfast﹣many Vietnamese people say they cannot start the day without this delicious food!
Belgium： Home of French fries
You can find French fried potatoes all over the world， but as Belgians will tell you， they， not the French， invented this popular street food， back in the 17th century． French fries， eaten from a paper cone are the Belgian's favourite food． The secret of perfect French fries is that they are fried （油炸） twice in hot oil， to give a perfect， golden outside．
（1）A pie floater in South Australia is a kind of food with ．
A． fried potatoes
B． thick soup
C． beef or chicken
D． a golden outside
（2）According to the passage， all the three kinds of local food ．
A． are sold in the street
B． have meat inside
C． have tomato ketchup
D． are fried in hot oil
（3）The passage most probably comes from the column（栏目） in a magazine．
A． education
B． health
C． travel
D． technology
