Parents of very young children know this：You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie﹣﹣the evidence of candy written on his or her face．However，you get a wide﹣eyed denial："I didn't do it!"

Learning to tell the truth，even at the risk of punishment，is an important part of moral （道德） development，and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there．

Early 2017 Professor Craig E．Smith published a study．He and his workmates chose 48children between four and nine years of age．They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong，such as taking a classmate's toy or candy，and then either lying about the wrongdoing to a parent or confessing （承认） it．In each case，they asked the children，How would the child feel？How would the mother feel？

The children's answers were generally divided according to age，which is in agreement with the stolen candy，lying and getting unpunished．They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed．However，the seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds were more likely （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的） feelings towards a confessor．

Smith says，"Kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie．Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action．"He adds，what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses．

42．What does the underlined word"denial"in Paragraph 1mean？　　

A．委屈               B．责备           C．否认             D．拒绝

43．Paragraph 2 mainly tell us　　．

A．kids can't tell"right"from"wrong"

B．it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth

C．it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth

D．all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act

44．What did Smith and his workmates find in their study？　　

A．Older kids are more likely than younger children to confess to a bad act．

B．Younger children are more likely than older kids to confess to a bad act．

C．The four﹣to﹣five﹣year﹣olds would feel better confessing the crime

D．The seven﹣to﹣nine﹣year﹣olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions．

45．According to Professor Smith，what can parents learn from these studies？　　

A．Parents should at once punish the children who lied．

B．Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying．

C．Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions．

D．Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions．

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