My father was German， but he Worked in England． He married my mother， who was English． Her family name was Robinson， so when I was born in 1632， in England， they called me Robinson， after her．
My father did well in his business and I went to a good school． He wanted me to get a good job， and live a quiet， pleasant life． But I wanted adventure and an exciting life．
"I want to be a sailor and go to sea"， I told my mother and father． They were very unhappy about this．
"Please don't go． "my father said， "You won't be happy you know． Sailors have a difficult and dangerous life． "and because I love him， and he was unhappy， I tried to forget about the sea．
But I couldn't forget， and about a year later， I saw a friend in town． His father had a Ship and my friend said to me，" we are sailing to London tomorrow． Why don't you come with us？"
On September 1st， 1651， I went to Hull and the next day we sailed for London．
But， a few days later， there was a strong wind． The sea was rough and dangerous， and the ship went up and down up and down． I was very ill， and was very afraid．
"Oh， I don't want to die!" I cried，" I want to live! If I live， I will go home and never go to sea again!"
The next day the wind stopped， and the sea was quiet and beautiful again．
"Well， Robinson，" my friend laughed，" How do you feel now？ The wind wasn't too bad．"
"What!" I cried． "It was a terrible storm．"
"Oh， that wasn't a storm， "my friend answered， "just a little wind． Forget it， come and have a drink．"
After a few drinks with my friend， I felt better． I forgot about the danger， and decided not to go home． I didn't want my friend and family to laugh at me!
I stayed in London for some time， but I still， wanted to go to the sea． So， when the captain（船长）of a ship ask me to go with him to Guinea in Africa， I agreed， And so I went to the sea for the second time．
It was a good ship， and everything went well at first， but I was very ill again． Then when we were near the Canary Islands， a Turkish pirate（海盗）ship came after us． They were famous thieves of the sea at that time． There was a long， hard fight， but when it finished， we and the ship were prisoners． The Turkish captain and his men took us to Sallee in Morocco． They wanted to sell us as slaves（奴隶）in the market． But in the end， the Turkish captain decided to keep me for himself， and took me home with him． This was a sudden and terrible change in my life． This Turkish captain was now my master．
（1）Why did Robinson forget about the sea at the beginning？
A． Because he had no money to own a ship．
B． Because he hasted to live a dangerous life．
C． Because he wanted to make his parents happy．
D． Because he looked forward to getting a good job．
（2）Which is the right time order of what happened in the story？
a． One of Robinson's friends invited him to sail to London．
b． The Turkish captain took Robinson home．
c． A captain asked Robinson to go with him to Guinea．
d． Robinson drank with his friend．
e． A long and hard fight happened．
A． a﹣d﹣c﹣e﹣b
B． d﹣a﹣c﹣e﹣b
C． a﹣c﹣b﹣e﹣d
D． d﹣c﹣a﹣b﹣e
（3）What did Robinson think of his sea journey？
A． Everything was fine
B． The sea was quiet all the time
C． The wind was weak
D． Sea life was dangerous at times
（4）Who took Robinson to Sallee in Morocco？
A． the Turkish Captain
B． his friend
C． the captain of a ship
D． his father
（5）What can we infer（推断） from the passage？
A． Robinson wanted to serve the Turkish captain．
B． Robinson lived happily with the Turkish captain．
C． Robinson became a slave to the Turkish captain．
D． Robinson made friends with the Turkish captain．
Most viruses can be found and killed by our immune system as soon as they enter our bodies.However，some viruses，for example，the coronavirus，are sneaky.They are difficult to recognize and find.These viruses can cause deadly diseases，like COVID﹣19.Human﹣to﹣human transmission can easily occur，and pandemic will therefore break out.Vaccination is by now a simple，safe and effective way to protect us from the diseases.
▲Vaccines are something that "looks" exactly the same as the viruses，mainly made from the viruses that are weakened or killed.They will not make us really ill.They only stimulate and activate our immune system to work，telling it something harmful is coming in.The immune system will know what the "viruses" look like，and send B cells（lymphocytes）or antibodies to find and kill them.Meanwhile，B cells will remember them for the next kill.A vaccine may also give us passive immunity by providing B cells taken from an animal or a human to play the same role.
Scientists have developed more than 180 vaccines to fight against COVID49.The technical approaches of these vaccines can be a little different，but their aims are the same.
Take the inactivated vaccine as an example.In an inactivated vaccine，the coronaviruses are already killed or made into the ones unable to produce more new viruses.When the immune system "sees" them，it will try to kill them.The question is：without enough these viruses• how can B cells remember them？That's why we need to take the vaccine more than one time.Though this vaccine is safe，it might not be as effective as it is expected to be.
The live﹣attenuated vaccine is different.In this vaccine，the viruses are weakened，but they are alive.They can produce enough new viruses to train the immune system to kill and remember them，so people only need to take the vaccine once.The live﹣attenuated vaccine is considered the most effective，but there is a worry：what might happen once these viruses wake up？
Therefore，although vaccination is by now one of the best ways to protect us from COVID﹣19，it can be better.
（1）The coronavirus can .
| A． |
not be killed |
| B． |
not be found |
| C． |
cause deaths |
| D． |
stop pandemic |
（2）Which of the following can be the best topic sentence of Paragraph 2？
| A． |
Vaccination can provide us with B cells. |
| B． |
Vaccines are made from different viruses. |
| C． |
Vaccination can prepare us against viruses. |
| D． |
Vaccines won't make us ill as the viruses do. |
（3）Compared to the inactivated vaccine，the live﹣attenuated vaccine .
| A． |
needs taking more than once |
| B． |
is equally safe |
| C． |
contains viruses that are killed |
| D． |
is more effective |
（4）What can we learn from the passage？
| A． |
Vaccination is good enough to treat COVID﹣19. |
| B． |
The immune system can be more effective with vaccines. |
| C． |
The viruses in inactivated vaccines can make new viruses. |
| D． |
180 vaccines have been developed to fight against diseases. |
Lima，the capital of Peru，is located in the central coastal part of the country，overlooking the Pacific Ocean.With a population of more than 9 million，Lima is one of the largest cities and the only capital in South America that faces the ocean.
Lima has a long history.The lost Inca civilization ，is thought to be a mystery.There are many museums，where you can learn：how the ancient American Indians founded the Inca Empire and built Machu Picchu，a famous ancient city in the Andes Mountains；what happened in 1532 and why over 90% of Peruvians speak Spanish.Visiting the historic center，a World Heritage Site you may find you are communicating with both the past and the present.
Lima is also a place where you can find the lifestyles and fashions，created by its people and culture.You will see Peruvian clothes，dances，and taste their delicious foods and drinks.You can see buildings in different styles，enjoy the fantastic sunset over the ancient ruins，climb the mountains，fly over the ocean，or sit in the restaurants and bars to experience Peruvians' relaxing life.
You may have heard "It never rains in Lima. " In fact，the special geographic feature makes it not as dry as it is said to be and it is warm all year round.Though it seldom rains in summer，it sometimes drizzles on early winter mornings.The drizzleand the wet air "water" the ground，which makes the crops and the plants grow.Moreover，modern technology helps to bring water from the snow and ice on the top of the Andes （over 6，000 m high）for the city to use.People there never waste water.
Lima is such an amazing city that it is worth a visit.
（1）According to the passage，where is Lima on the map？
| A． |
|
| B． |
|
| C． |
|
| D． |
|
（2）Most people in Lima speak .
| A． |
Indian |
| B． |
Spanish |
| C． |
English |
| D． |
Inca language |
（3）The underlined word "drizzle" probably means .
| A． |
warm air |
| B． |
sea water |
| C． |
snow and ice |
| D． |
very light rain |
（4）Lima is a city .
| A． |
which is rich in water resources |
| B． |
where people can learn Inca culture |
| C． |
which is the largest in South America |
| D． |
where the houses are in the same style |
Every year，tens of thousands of kids aged 3 to 13 become Junior Rangers in different national parks across America.At Yosemite alone，more than 20，000 kids take part in the Yosemite Junior Ranger Program.If you want to be a Junior Ranger，you need to learn about the natural and cultural history .and make a promise to be a national park protector.
Here Is How YOU Can Become a Junior Ranger!
Earn yourself an official Junior Ranger Badge!You could become a Yosemite's Junior Ranger today by completing the following steps：
• Buy your Junior Ranger Handbook in the nearest Visitor Center.
• Complete the pages in the handbook.
• Pick up rubbish.
• Attend a Guided Program.
• Return your completed handbook and a bag of rubbish to the Visitor Center.
• Make your official Junior Ranger Promise at a ceremony.
• Get your official Junior Ranger Badge.
After you become a Junior Ranger，you are encouraged to share your ranger stories with your friends，teachers and families.
（1）Who can become Junior Rangers？
| A． |
Children. |
| B． |
Parents. |
| C． |
Teachers. |
| D． |
Officers. |
（2）What should Junior Rangers promise to do？
| A． |
Read the handbook. |
| B． |
Learn American history. |
| C． |
Share ranger stories. |
| D． |
Protect the national parks. |
（3）Before getting Yosemite's Junior Ranger Badges，they should complete .
| A． |
four steps |
| B． |
five steps |
| C． |
six steps |
| D． |
seven steps |
下面是宇航员 Jose Hernandez的采访页面。阅读该页内容，然后从方框中所给的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中选出符合各段内容的问题，完成第 1﹣5 小题。
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5 Questions for Jose Hernandez As a kid，he dreamed big dreams﹣﹣ then worked hard to make them come true. |
|
|
（1） We were farm workers.Until I was 12，my family moved around every two or three months，following the harvest （丰收） of crops in California.That helped define me I always work hard. |
（2） It was December of 1972.I was 10，watching the final Apollo mission on a black﹣and﹣white TV.When I saw astronaut Gene Cernan walking on the Moon，I told myself， "I want to be an astronaut." |
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（3） NASA refused me not once，not twice，but eleven times!I finally got chosen the twelfth time.Five years later，I flew on my first mission to the International Space Station.Never give up! |
（4） Floating（漂浮）!You're always floating. My favorite food was a burrito with scrambled eggs.We take tortillas to space because bread creates tiny pieces.It's really fun. |
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（5） As we passed over North America，I could see Canada，the US，Mexico，and other parts of Latin America.It surprised me that I couldn't tell where one country ended and the next started.Borders are human﹣made.From up there，we're just one. |
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A.When did you decide to be an astronaut？ B.What did you love about space？ C.What was your life like as a kid？ D.What was it like to see the earth from space？ E.What challenges did you face？ |
If we want to grow as people，we can't just depend on our own evaluation（评价）of how we're doing.We also need to know what other people think about our performance.Receiving feedback（反馈）from others can help us see the larger picture and show us a way forward to success.However，someone has to give that feedback，and sometimes，that someone will be you.How should you deal with this？
First things first-if you notice a situation in which some feedback would be helpful，give it as soon as you can.If you wait until the matter disappears from the person's mind，they might not understand what you're trying to tell them.Take the person to a safe，comfortable place and offer your advice in private.
When you're giving feedback，it's important to keep in mind that no one likes to be told they're doing a bad job.Make sure you give an equal（相等的）amount of good feedback to balance out（平衡）anything bad.Like the saying goes， " A spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down."
All good feedback shares something in common.First，it should help achieve a goal.It's less useful to tell your friends that their dish tastes "interesting" than it is to suggest adding a little salt.Feedback should also look toward the future.You can't change what's already happened，but you can prevent it from happening again.Tell your friends they should take more notes in class instead of talking about how they should have studied harder for the big history exam they failed.
Finally，don't think your suggestion is the only correct way to deal with a situation.You might even end up with some feedback on your feedback.Don't take it personally﹣﹣it can only help you give better advice next time.
（1）What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph probably mean？
| A． |
Seeing the picture. |
| B． |
Giving feedback. |
| C． |
Receiving feedback. |
| D． |
Showing a way to success. |
（2）Why is it important to give feedback in time according to Paragraph 2？
| A． |
You might forget to tell the person later on. |
| B． |
Perhaps the person wants the feedback right away. |
| C． |
Maybe the person needs time to understand your advice. |
| D． |
If you wait to long，the person might forget what's happened. |
（3）What can we infer（推断）from the underlined saying in Paragraph 3？
| A． |
It's helpful to keep on giving bad feedback. |
| B． |
It's difficult to do a good job all the time. |
| C． |
It's better to balance good and bad feedback. |
| D． |
It's important to think twice before giving feedback. |
（4）The passage is mainly about .
| A． |
what characters good feedback includes |
| B． |
how people should give feedback properly |
| C． |
the differences between good and bad feedback |
| D． |
the importance of giving and receiving feedback |
