Next time you hold a book in your hands， stop and think． Like most other things in the modern world， it is the result of thousands of years of human invention．
First， came the invention of writing，（1） （probable） about 5500year ago． With writing， people did not have to remember everything in their heads． They could communicate with people that they never（2） （see） and share their knowledge with future generations．
Later， the Greeks were well﹣done for their literature（文学） and science， but their "books" looked very different（3） the books of today． They were called scrolls（卷轴）．
They were different to use and took a lot of space in a library．About 2，000years ago， books with lots of pages （4） （invent）．
For more than a thousand years， the pages of books were made from animal skin． That changed in （5） thirteenth century， when Europeans learned about a very（6） （use） Chinese invention ： paper．
But the biggest change for books in Europe came in 1439， when Johannes Gutenberg invented the printing press． Before that， books in Europe were copied by hand， so they were very expensive． Many more people could afford the books（7） were produced on a printing press．
These days it is difficult（8） （imagine） a world without books． But human invention does not stop． Every year， more（9） （story） are bought as e﹣books and read on a screen．
Will anyone turn the pages of a traditional book in the future，（10） will books， like scrolls soon disappear？
My friends and I joined a two﹣day survival（生存） training course in the mountains． The first day was really（1） ﹣there was so much to do! Arriving at the campsite， we were divided into groups and given a tent， some food， a （2） and a compass（指南针）． Standing next to a small river， Fanny（3） camping in the grassy area nearby． However， our instructor， Mr．Lee， pointed out that it might flood（淹没） if it rained． In the end， we found a （4） area． Putting up the tent was very hard．（5） Mr．Lee helped us a lot．
By the time we had put up the tent，（6） was really hungry． "We wouldn't have got this hungry if we had brought some snacks．" Peter said． We all told him to（7） complaining（抱怨） and help us start a fire to cook our food（8） ． Realizing we were having trouble making the fire， he finally（9） ．
The next day started early． Woken by a strange noise． Peter went to see what was（10） ． "Some cows have eaten our breakfast!"he shouted． "That's all because you didn't（11） the food properly last night．"said Mr．Lee．
Worried that Mr．Lee was angry with us， we tried very hard on our next （12） ﹣ using the
map and compass to find a secret location． We made it to the location（13） the other group did． We all felt very proud of（14） ．
The survival training course was a great（15） ． Now I feel I could survive anywhere!
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（1）A．disappointing |
B．difficult |
C．different |
D．boring |
|
（2）A．map |
B．book |
C．light |
D．knife |
|
（3）A．suggested |
B．finished |
C．imagined |
D．enjoyed |
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（4）A．nearer |
B．lower |
C．bigger |
D．higher |
|
（5）A．Surprisingly |
B．Suddenly |
C．Luckily |
D．Usually |
|
（6）A．everyone |
B．anyone |
C．someone |
D．no one |
|
（7）A．start |
B．mind |
C．stop |
D．continue |
|
（8）A．yet |
B．too |
C．again |
D．instead |
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（9）A．helped out |
B．gave out |
C．worked out |
D．started out |
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（10）A．developing |
B．happening |
C．beginning |
D．following |
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（11）A．throw off |
B．put away |
C．eat up |
D．sell out |
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（12）A．plan |
B．lesson |
C．task |
D．problem |
|
（13）A．till |
B．after |
C．when |
D．before |
|
（14）A．him |
B．them |
C．you |
D．ourselves |
|
（15）A．example |
B．experience |
C．activity |
D．competition |
"Xiao Yun has no coat for town and special events，" Mama told Papa when he came in from the （1）
"The cows can't be（2） now，" he said． "Are you sure Xiao Yun can't wear a hand﹣me﹣down？"
"Yes，" Mama said． They took Xiao Yun to a store in town．
"Can I （3） you？" "A shop assistant asked．
"Our Xiao Yun needs a good coat，" Papa said．
They looked for coats for some time carefully． "A （4） coat!" Xiao Yun cried． "I want the pink coat．" The coat was slippery and shiny inside． In the pink coat she looked like a spring flower．
"I'm afraid the pink coat will only （5） one year，" Mama said．
"And there's no one to pass it on to，" said Papa． Xiao Yun backed away． She wanted to be a flower．
"Xiao Yun!" It was Papa． He came over to （6） ． "You are old enough to know that you can't always have your own way，" he said seriously．
Xiao Yun slipped one arm from a sleeve（袖子）．
"It is her color， though，" Mama said．
"Ah!" said the assistant．"Anyone can （7） how the pink of the coat brings out the roses in her cheeks（面颊）．"
Papa looked thoughtful for a moment．
"We are （8） ．" Continued Mama， "that is only one little coat for Xiao Yun and not also new coats for Xiao Xuan and Xiao Qing．"
Papa rubbed his chin（下巴）． "The cows can't give milk soon enough，" he said． "（9） how can we let Xiao Yun wear a brown coat when she looks like a flower in this one？"
"Papa!" Xiao Yun cried， slipping her （10） back into the empty sleeve． She threw her arms around Papa's neck． "I do look like a flower， don't I？" She asked happily．
"Like a primrose in spring，" Papa said．
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（1）A． farm |
B．school |
C．hospital |
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（2）A．weighed |
B．fed |
C．milked |
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（3）A．teach |
B． help |
C． trouble |
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（4）A． blue |
B． pink |
C． brown |
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（5）A． fit |
B． last |
C． shine |
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（6）A． it |
B． them |
C． her |
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（7）A．see |
B．promise |
C． draw |
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（8）A． rich |
B． lucky |
C． busy |
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（9）A． So |
B． And |
C． But |
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（10）A． arm |
B． head |
C． hand |
A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally， while a bad memory as something that cannot be changed． In fact， there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory． Here are some tips（贴士） for you．
◆（1）
We all remember the things we are interested in， and always forget the ones that bore us． This explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results easily but struggle（挣扎） with dates from their history lessons! Develop an active interest in what you want to remember． One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions﹣the more， the better!
◆ Repeat things in chunks（块）．
Repeating things in chunks is the best way to remember things for a short time， for example， remembering a phone number for a few seconds． （2） The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember： 1492178919318483． But look at them in "groups" or "chunks" repeatedly， and it becomes much easier： 1492 1789 1931 8483．
◆Invent a story．
To remember long lists， try inventing a story which includes all the things you want to remember． In experiments， people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this way． When they were tested later， they could remember about 90% of them． （3）
◆Take physical exercise．
Physical exercise is important for your memory， because it increases your heart rate（心率） and sends more oxygen（氧气） to your brain， and that makes your memory work better． （4） As we know， too much pressure is very bad for the memory．
A． Take an interest．
B． Exercise also lowers stress．
C． The test result was really amazing!
D． Another way to improve memory is to get enough rest．
E． Grouping numbers may help you to remember them．
When I was fifteen years old， I became very interested in shopping． After a while being just a
buyer， I wanted to（1） something． I had many things that I no longer needed at home． I knew with the help of my father I could make money． So for months and months I（2） __ myself by selling things on my dad's bank account（账户）．
On July 18th， 2015， I made my own account and began to start my own （3） ． Things were going great and then I realized that selling things around the house wasn't （4） for me， so I decided to expand （拓展）my business by running a re﹣sale shop． I went around to the yard sales and bought things at low prices and sold them at（5） prices to make money．
Last October． I went to a yard sale that was a little bit different． A lady had many nice things
to sell． I went up to her and had a （6） with her． Through the communication， I knew she was jobless at that moment and needed money to feed her family． I thought I could do it better and more quickly for her． So I made a decision to help her out． She looked at me for a while and then said（7） ． After that I took away some of her things and over the next month I made ￥1，500for her! When I gave her the money， she broke down into tears（眼泪） （8） ．
I have never felt so （9） to help someone in my life． I know my skills could be used to help those in need and that even one small act of kindness could （10） ．
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（1）A． buy |
B．sell |
C．produce |
|
（2）A． annoyed |
B． enjoyed |
C． punished |
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（3）A． business |
B． holiday |
C． education |
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（4）A． familiar |
B． helpful |
C． enough |
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（5）A． higher |
B． lower |
C． half |
|
（6）A． competition |
B． fight |
C． conversation |
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（7）A． no |
B． yes |
C． sorry |
|
（8）A． peacefully |
B． regretfully |
C． thankfully |
|
（9）A． worried |
B． stressed |
C． pleased |
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（10）A．make a difference |
B． make a mess |
C． make a mistake |